Prevalence and costs of hospitalizations for poisoning and accidental intoxication in Brazilian elderly

A cross-sectional study of secondary data/information obtained from the Hospital Information System (HIS) spanning the years 2008 - 2009 was performed. The distribution of the main hospital admissions by gender, age, color/race, region and federal unit of residence, average expenditure and average length of hospital stay, year of hospitalization and mortality rates (MR) were studied. The data collected were tabulated by TabNet and keyed into Microsoft Excel 2007. It was verified that elderly males (54.3%), from 60 to 69 years old (50.6%), nonwhites (36.3%) and residents of Southeast and North regions of the country had the highest rates of hospitalization. Seniors were hospitalized for an average of 4.8 days, and the major causes were exposure to alcohol (43.7%) and to drugs (33.9%). Expenses related to hospital admissions were, on average, R$ 529,817.70. The highest mortality rates were recorded among females (MR = 4.34), in elderly, 80 years or older (MR = 10.16) and Caucasians (MR = 3.95), where pharmacological substances with action on the Autonomic Nervous System were the leading cause of death. There are demographic differences in morbi-mortality of these elderly since, although men and younger elderly were the main victims, women and elderly of advanced age have greater mortality. The leading causes of hospitalization were alcohol and drugs

Analysis Of Maximal Isometric Force And Emg Signal In Lower Limb Exercise [análise Da Força Isométrica Máxima E Do Sinal De Emg Em Exercícios Para Os Membros Inferiors]

The aim of this study was to compare maximal isometric force (MIF) and the electrical activity of the vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, gluteus maximus and biceps femoris long head muscles between maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) performed at different joint angles, and to identify the most suitable positions to normalize the electromyography (EMG) signals from each of these muscles when they are activated under dynamic conditions. Ten men ranging in age from 20 to 30 years, who were familiar with strength training exercise, were studied. MVC at different joint angles of the knee extensors and flexors (0°, 60°, 90°) and hip extensors (-30°, 0°, 60°) and flexors (90°, 120°) were tested. The MIF values differed significantly between the 60° knee flexion and 60° and 90° knee extension positions (p0.05). Significantly higher EMG values were only observed for the rectus femoris muscle at 90° knee extension (p0.05). 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