PROTOCOLOS CLÍNICOS E DIRETRIZES DE TRATAMENTO AO PACIENTE PORTADOR DE IMUNODEFICÊNCIA HUMANA – PCDT/HIV

In the last decades, there has been an increase in world life expectancy and a decrease in mortality rates, except for statistical data on sexually transmitted infections, especially Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. In view of this global reality, different strategies were taken by international and Brazilian agencies to raise awareness and reduce mortality rates, as well as the spread of the HIV virus, aiming at improving care assistance for HIV positive patients, guiding the goal of diagnosing and initiate antiretroviral therapy in 90% of this population by 2020. The present study aims to demonstrate public policies designed for this population as a tool to promote debate on the subject. It is evident the need to update the issue since the data show the increase in diagnosed cases of the infectious process, which could show some accommodation in the face of the progress achieved. Towards this demand, the present objective is to demonstrate through a bibliographical review the importance of knowledge of the public policy proposals as a tool in promoting health to the HIV positive HIV / AIDS carrier.Nas últimas décadas advieram í  elevação da expectativa de vida mundial e por sua vez a diminuição dos í­ndices de mortalidade, exceto quando verificados dados estatí­sticos das infecções sexualmente transmissí­veis, especialmente a Sí­ndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida. Diante dessa realidade mundial, diferentes estratégias foram tomadas pelos órgãos internacionais e brasileiros para conscientizar a população e reduzir í­ndices de mortalidade, bem como a propagação do ví­rus HIV, objetivando a melhoria da assistência de cuidados destinados aos pacientes HIV positivos, norteando a meta de diagnosticar e iniciar a terapia antirretroviral em 90% dessa população até 2020. O presente trabalho objetiva demonstrar polí­ticas públicas dimensionadas para essa população como ferramenta de promoção do debate da temática. É evidente a necessidade de atualizar a temática uma vez que os dados evidenciam o aumento de casos diagnosticados do processo infeccioso, o que poderia demonstrar certa acomodação diante dos avanços alcançados. Em direção a essa demanda o presente objetiva demonstrar através de uma revisão bibliográfica a importância do conhecimento das propostas das polí­ticas públicas como instrumento na promoção de saúde ao portador soro positivo com HIV/AIDS

Perspectives on the Trypanosoma cruzi-host cell receptor interaction

Chagas disease is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. The critical initial event is the interaction of the trypomastigote form of the parasite with host receptors. This review highlights recent observations concerning these interactions. Some of the key receptors considered are those for thromboxane, bradykinin, and for the nerve growth factor TrKA. Other important receptors such as galectin-3, thrombospondin, and laminin are also discussed. Investigation into the molecular biology and cell biology of host receptors for T. cruzi may provide novel therapeutic targets

Genetic diversity in natural populations of Jacaranda decurrens Cham. determined using RAPD and AFLP markers

Jacaranda decurrens (Bignoniaceae) is an endemic species of the Cerrado with validated antitumoral activity. The genetic diversity of six populations of J. decurrens located in the State of São Paulo was determined in this study by using molecular markers for randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). Following optimization of the amplification reaction, 10 selected primers generated 78 reproducible RAPD fragments that were mostly (69.2%) polymorphic. Two hundred and five reproducible AFLP fragments were generated by using four selected primer combinations; 46.3% of these fragments were polymorphic, indicating a considerable level of genetic diversity. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) using these two groups of markers indicated that variability was strongly structured amongst populations. The unweighted pair group method with arithmatic mean (UPGMA) and Pearson's correlation coefficient (RAPD -0.16, p = 0.2082; AFLP 0.37, p = 0.1006) between genetic matrices and geographic distances suggested that the population structure followed an island model in which a single population of infinite size gave rise to the current populations of J. decurrens, independently of their spatial position. The results of this study indicate that RAPD and AFLP markers were similarly efficient in measuring the genetic variability amongst natural populations of J. decurrens. These data may be useful for developing strategies for the preservation of this medicinal species in the Cerrado