Prevalence and factors associated with chronic wounds in older adults in primary care

Objective: To analyze the prevalence of pressure injuries, diabetic and vasculogenic ulcers and associated factors in older adults attended in primary care. Method: A crosssectional, analytical study with older adults attended in the Family Health Strategy in a Brazilian municipality. Data collection was performed from January to March 2016 using interviews and evaluations of injuries. The variables were submitted to the multivariate logistic regression model using the odds ratio, with their respective 95% confidence intervals and significance set at <0.05. Results: 339 older adults participated in the study. The mean age was 71.1 years, 67.3% were female, 44% were illiterate, 85% had low family income, 91.7% had underlying diseases, 37.2% had dietary restrictions, and 76.1% did not practice physical activity. The prevalence of pressure injury was 5.0%, diabetic ulcer 3.2%, and vasculogenic ulcer 2.9%. Not working and not regularly practicing physical activity increased the chances of presenting these injuries by 1.5 and 2.3 times, respectively. Being actively mobility and not having dietary restrictions were protective factors for not developing chronic wounds. Conclusion: The prevalence of injuries among older adults was high, and its occurrence is associated with socioeconomic and clinical characteristics

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of university adolescents about syphilis: a cross-sectional study in the Northeast

OBJECTIVE: To analyze knowledge, attitudes and practices of university adolescents about syphilis. METHODS: Cross-sectional, analytical, census-type study, developed with the universe of adolescents aged 18 and 19 years (n = 598), enrolled in three institutions of higher education in a municipality of Piauí (n = 598), which total 20 courses in the areas of Health Sciences, Applied Social Sciences, Exact and Earth, Engineering and Linguistics, Letters and Art. Data collection occurred from March to May 2019, based on a questionnaire adapted from the Pesquisa de Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Práticas da População Brasileira of 2013 (PCAP – Survey of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices in the Brazilian Population), consisting of questions related to sociodemographic variables (gender, family arrangement, father’s schooling, mother’s schooling, skin color or race, employment, household income), knowledge, attitude and practice regarding the disease, the last three being classified by scores. The variables that presented p ≤ 0.20 in the bivariate analysis, by Pearson’s chi-square test, were included in three multivariate logistic models, and the outcomes in each model were knowledge, attitude and practice, respectively; remaining at the end those at the level of p < 0.05. RESULTS: Boys have a 39.6% lower chance of having adequate/regular knowledge (ORa = 0.604; 95%CI 0.415–0.878), whereas the highest chances are associated with “living alone, with relatives and friends” (ORa = 4.567; 95%CI 1.417–14.719) and having a very positive/positive attitude (ORa = 6.937; 95%CI 4.562–10.550). Lower chances of an adequate practice are associated with boys (ORa = 0.480; 95%CI 0.301–0.766) and lower father’s schooling (ORa = 0.440; 95%CI 0.241–0.806). CONCLUSION: Most participants’ knowledge and attitude regarding syphilis were not sufficient to the adoption of an adequate sexual practice for the prevention of the disease, showing the need to investigate other variables that may be implicated in this cognitive incoherence.OBJETIVO: Analisar conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas de adolescentes universitários sobre a sífilis. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, analítico, do tipo censitário, desenvolvido com o universo de adolescentes de 18 e 19 anos (n = 598), matriculados em três instituições de ensino superior presencial em município do Piauí (n = 598), que juntas totalizam 20 cursos nas áreas de Ciências da Saúde, Sociais Aplicadas, Exatas e da Terra, Engenharias e Linguística, Letras e Arte. A coleta de dados ocorreu de março a maio de 2019, a partir de um questionário adaptado da Pesquisa de Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Práticas da População Brasileira de 2013, do Ministério da Saúde, constituído por perguntas referentes a variáveis sociodemográficas (sexo, idade, arranjo familiar, escolaridade dos pais, cor ou raça, atividade remunerada e renda familiar), conhecimento, atitude e prática em relação à doença, sendo as três últimas classificadas por escores. As variáveis que apresentaram valor de p ≤ 0,20 na análise bivariada, por meio do teste do qui-quadrado de Pearson, foram incluídas em três modelos logísticos multivariados, e os desfechos em cada modelo foram o conhecimento, a atitude e a prática, respectivamente; permanecendo ao final aquelas a nível de p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: O sexo masculino possui chance 39,6% menor de ter conhecimento adequado/regular (ORa = 0,604; IC95% 0,415–0,878), enquanto as maiores chances estão associadas a “morar sozinho, com parentes e amigos” (ORa = 4,567; IC95% 1,417–14,719) e a ter atitude muito positiva/positiva (ORa = 6,937; IC95% 4,562–10,550). Menores chances de prática adequada estão associadas ao sexo masculino (ORa = 0,480; IC95% 0,301–0,766) e à menor escolaridade paterna (ORa = 0,440; IC95% 0,241–0,806). CONCLUSÃO: O conhecimento e a atitude da maioria dos participantes do estudo em relação à sífilis não foram suficientes para adoção de uma prática sexual adequada para a prevenção da doença, revelando a necessidade de se investigar outras variáveis que possam estar implicadas nesta incoerência cognitiva

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of adolescents regarding human papillomavirus

OBJECTIVE To analyze knowledge, attitudes, and practices of adolescent students from public schools in the municipality of Teresina, state of Piauí, regarding human papillomavirus (HPV). METHODS Cross-sectional, analytical study carried out in 12 public schools in the municipality of Teresina, with a random sample of 472 15-year-old adolescents. All participants answered a validated questionnaire, which evaluated sociodemographic characteristics, level of knowledge about HPV, attitudes regarding vaccination and vaccination status. The levels of knowledge and attitude were classified by standardized scores and practice by the vaccination situation. The analyses were carried out using the SPSS software. In the bivariate analysis, simple logistic regression was used generating odds ratios to identify the associations of sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, and attitude with HPV prevention practice. Variables that presented p-value ≤ 0.20 in the bivariate analysis were inserted in a multivariate logistic regression model. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS Among the participants, 27.3% had sufficient knowledge, 34.1% had positive attitudes, and 74.6% had adequate practice. In the multivariate analysis, we observed a statistically significant association among females (ORa = 15.62; 95%CI: 9.08–26.9), satisfactory knowledge (ORa = 2.09; 95%CI: 1.15–3.81), and positive attitudes (ORa = 1.89; 95%CI: 1.10–3.23) with proper practice. CONCLUSIONS Being female, having a satisfactory level of knowledge about HPV and the vaccine, and having positive attitudes towards HPV vaccination reinforce the appropriate practice of vaccination. These findings demonstrate the need to expand the knowledge of adolescents, generating positive attitudes towards vaccination within an appropriate perspective.OBJETIVO Analisar conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas de adolescentes estudantes de escolas públicas do município de Teresina-PI sobre o papilomavírus humano (HPV). MÉTODOS Estudo transversal, analítico, realizado em 12 escolas da rede pública do município de Teresina, com uma amostra aleatória de 472 adolescentes de 15 anos. Todos os participantes responderam a um questionário validado, que avaliou as características sociodemográficas, o nível de conhecimento sobre o HPV, atitudes relacionadas à vacinação e ao status vacinal. Os níveis de conhecimento e atitude foram classificados por meio de escores padronizados e a prática mediante a situação vacinal. As análises foram realizadas com o uso do SPSS. Na análise bivariada, utilizou-se a regressão logística simples, por meio de odds ratio para identificar as associações entre as características sociodemográficas e o conhecimento, e a atitude com a prática de prevenção contra o HPV. As variáveis que na análise bivariada apresentaram valor de p ≤ 0,20 foram submetidas ao modelo multivariado de regressão logística. A significância estatística foi fixada em p < 0,05. RESULTADOS Dentre os participantes, 27,3% apresentaram conhecimento suficiente, 34,1% atitudes positivas e 74,6% prática adequada. Na análise multivariada observou-se associação estatisticamente significativa entre o sexo feminino (ORa = 15,62; IC95%: 9,08–26,9), conhecimento satisfatório (ORa = 2,09; IC95%: 1,15–3,81), e atitudes positivas (ORa = 1,89; IC95%: 1,10–3,23) com a prática adequada. CONCLUSÕES Ser do sexo feminino, ter nível de conhecimento sobre o HPV e a vacina classificados como satisfatório, bem como ter atitudes positivas frente à vacinação contra o HPV reforçam a prática adequada de vacinação. Estes achados demonstram a necessidade de ampliar o conhecimento dos adolescentes, gerando atitudes positivas com vistas à vacinação dentro de uma perspectiva adequada

Knowledge and practice of workers, professionals and managers on waste of health services

Objective: To assess the knowledge and practice of workers, professionals and managers about the Healthcare Waste in a reference institute in tropical and communicable diseases Teresina (PI). Method: A descriptive, observational study with quantitative analysis, conducted from 01 to 30 March 2012. The study population was composed of: 49 workers, 124 health workers and 11 managers sector. Data were collected from interviews, using three instruments with a specific script to each group's structured. The study was approved by the ethics committee on research, CEP-UFPI with CAAE: 0210.0.045.000-11. Results: 90% of workers, 95,2% of professional and 54,5% of the managers demonstrated ignorance of the existence of the Plan for Waste Management Health Service (PGRSS) of the institution. Conclusion: There was a deficit in the knowledge of workers, professionals and managers about Plan for Waste Management Health Service and improper practices in the management of Healthcare Waste

Análise da vulnerabilidade dos adolescentes à hepatite B em Teresina/PI

Os adolescentes fazem parte de grupos com elevada suscetibilidade à infecção pelo vírus da hepatite B em função da adoção de comportamentos de risco. Este trabalho objetivou analisar a vulnerabilidade dos adolescentes à hepatite B. Para isso, realizou-se estudo desenvolvido por meio de inquérito epidemiológico com 196 adolescentes de 14 a 19 anos. Os resultados mostraram que 57,1% dos adolescentes já haviam iniciado a vida sexual, destes 45,5% não tinham parceiro(a) estável, 54,5% pertenciam a faixa etária de 14 a 16 anos, 24,1% não usavam preservativo nas relações sexuais, 62,8% referiram não saber da transmissão do vírus da hepatite B e 61,2% não apresentavam cobertura vacinal contra este agravo. Conclui-se que os adolescentes constituem grupo vulnerável à hepatite B, devido a fatores condicionantes e determinantes, tais como desconhecimento sobre a doença, baixa cobertura vacinal, adoção de comportamento de risco e sensação de invulnerabilidade. Descritores: Adolescentes; Hepatite B; Vulnerabilidade; Cuidados de Enfermagem

Epidemiological profile of leprosy in a municipality in the Brazilian Northeast: a retrospective analysis

Objective: To analyze leprosy epidemiological profile in the state of Piauí, Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional epidemiological study with retrospective collection. It was used data from the SUS Notifiable Diseases Information System of leprosy patients, for the period from 2005 to 2014. We evaluated the detection rate, degree of disability in the diagnosis and cure, and the proportion of healing. Results: It was totaled 13,787 leprosy cases, the detection rate has decreased over the years, the degree of disability to be evaluated in the diagnosis and cure showed a downward trend assessment, the cure rate was regular (%?). Conclusion: The proportion of cases detected with degree of disability and the prevalence of passive forms of detection suggest late diagnosis and confirm the importance of integrating leprosy control actions in primary care

Physical disability prevalence in leprosy assisted in Teresina city (PI) reference center from 2005 to 2010

Objective: To review scientific literature regarding the factors that trigger stress in nurses in the hospital environment. Method: This is a qualitative study, a literature review, in the databases, BVS in its sub-bases LILACS and BDENF, and in SCOPUS database. The articles were investigated in their entirety, in Portuguese, published between the years 2009 and 2013. Results: It was revealed that the most prevalent stressors in the hospital for nursing professionals are lack of professionalism, dissatisfaction with the profession, poor working conditions, lack of materials, scarce human resources and personal untrained, the division of labor, content of the task, the relations of power, hierarchy, and liability issues. Conclusion: To understand and analyze the factors that trigger stress is of great value to practitioners and institutions are essential for promoting worker health and improving the care provided by them

Contraception in adolescence: knowledge, chosen methods and criteria adopted

Objective: Analyzing the scientific production in the ten-year period related to knowledge about contraception in adolescence. Method: To reach the proposed objective we opted for the choice of the integrative review (RI). The search for primary studies took place in September 2014 and included 13 articles. Results: Studies have shown that most teens are aware only of the condom and oral and injectable contraceptives, also showing strong relationship between low education and the young age, with no use of the methods. Conclusion: Young people begin their sexual activity increasingly early, which has provided a gradual increase access and to the knowledge about contraceptive use. But still, there are many uncertainties in relation to contraceptive methods, requiring investments in sexual education of adolescents

Aspectos epidemiológicos da mortalidade infantil em um estado do Nordeste do Brasil

Objective: To analyze infant mortality in the State of Piauí, during the period 2004-2014. Methods: Epidemiological, descriptive study with secondary data extracted from DATASUS, in which the population was composed of all infant deaths of mothers residing in Piauí, in the period 2004-2014. Results: Despite the fluctuations, there was a decline in the infant mortality coefficient and its components, neonatal and post-neonatal. In addition, most deaths could be minimized through actions directed at women in the pregnancy-puerperal cycle and the newborn. Conclusion: It has been shown that there is a need for improvement in maternal and child health care in Piauí so that infant mortality reaches the levels of more developed world regions.Objetivo: Analizar la mortalidad infantil en el estado de Piauí, en el período 2004-2014. Métodos: Estudio epidemiológico, descriptivo, utilizando datos secundarios extraídos de DATASUS, donde la población se compone de todos las óbitos infantiles de madres que viven en Piauí, en el período 2004-2014. Resultados: A pesar de las fluctuaciones, se produjo una disminución en la tasa de mortalidad infantil y sus componentes, neonatal y la mortalidad post-neonatal. Por otra parte, la mayoría de las muertes podrían minimizarse a través de acciones dirigidas a las mujeres durante el embarazo y el parto y el cuidado del recién nacido. Conclusión: Se ha demostrado que existe una necesidad de mejora en la atención a la salud maternoinfantil en Piauí para que la mortalidad infantil alcance niveles de las regiones del mundo más desarrolladas:Objetivo: Analisar a mortalidade infantil no Estado do Piauí, no período de 2004-2014. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico, descritivo, com dados secundários extraídos do DATASUS, em que a população foi composta por todos os óbitos infantis de mães residentes no Piauí, no período de 2004-2014. Resultados: Apesar das flutuações, houve declínio no coeficiente de mortalidade infantil e nos seus componentes, neonatal e pós-neonatal. Ademais, a maioria dos óbitos poderia ser minimizada através de ações voltadas à mulher no ciclo gravídico-puerperal e ao recém-nascido. Conclusão: Evidenciou-se que existe a necessidade de melhoria na atenção à saúde materno-infantil no Piauí para que a mortalidade infantil atinja níveis de regiões mundiais mais desenvolvidas