Oblique glances on Capitu: a reading of exotopic subversion

Olhar o texto literário de um ângulo inaugural é sempre desafiador, para não dizer tentador. Possibilidades infindas de construção de significados insuflam a literatura com o ardor que sempre lhe constituiu a feitura: o de ser um perpétuo retorno a si mesma, desfiando-se com o mesmo fio com que se tece. Sob a insígnia do audiovisual, por sua vez, a literatura se torna ainda mais instigante, ao proporcionar olhares que, em vez de encerrá-la, apontam incansavelmente para outras direções, para outros dizeres. Pensando na potencialidade de (re)leituras que a arte literária sustenta, sobretudo inserida no circuito da adaptação como prática alargadora de seus sentidos, esta estudo se propõe a analisar um recorte da minissérie Capitu (2008), adaptação dirigida por Luiz Fernando Carvalho e baseada no romance Dom Casmurro, de Machado de Assis, com vistas ao conceito de exotopia, cunhado por Mikhail Bakhtin (2011), como desdobramento de olhares a partir de um lugar exterior. Nosso intuito é demonstrar como a linguagem cinematográfica de Carvalho imprime no objeto televisivo a dinâmica exotópica, mas subvertendo-a, criando uma fratura na perspectiva espaço-temporal da narrativa audiovisual. Para isso, debruçamo-nos sobre aparato teórico que versa sobre a essência e o funcionamento da imagem-som (Carrière, 2006; Eisenstein, 2002; Gaudreault; Jost, 2009; Martin, 2005; Xavier, 1983 e 2005; Costa, 2003; Aumont, 2008), o debate sobre questões pertinentes ao âmbito da adaptação (Stam, 2000 e 2008; Hutcheon, 2013), o tema da exotopia bakhtiniana (Bakhtin, 2011; Brait, 2006; Fiorin, 2016), bem como contribuições outras que somam à realização deste estudo.Looking at the literary text from an opening angle is always a complex and inviting challenge. Infinite possibilities for the construction of meanings inspire readers and feed the literature with the passion that is proper to its construction: which consists in being a perpetual return to itself, unfolding in the same lines written by itself. Under the emblem of the audiovisual, on the other hand, literature becomes even more instigating, by providing glances that, instead of enclosing it, point vigorously to other directions, to other sayings. Thinking about the potential of (re)readings that literary art maintains, especially, inserted in the field of adaptation as an extension practice of its senses, this article aims to analyze an excerpt from Capitu (2008) microseries, directed by Luiz Fernando Carvalho and adapted of the novel Dom Casmurro, by Machado de Assis, according to the concept of exotopia, disseminated by Mikhail Bakhtin (2011), as development of a point of view from an outside place. The purpose is about demonstrating how Carvalho’s cinematographic language reflects the exotopic dynamics on television, however subverting it, creating a breakage in the space-time perspective of the audiovisual narrative. This study is based on theories about the essence and functioning of image-sound, the debate on issues relevant to the scope of adaptation, the theme of Bakhtinian exotopia, as well as other contributions that add to the realization of this analysis

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Sob olhos de ressaca: a imagem da escrita em "Capitu"

O presente artigo busca analisar um recorte da minissérie Capitu (2008), de Luiz Fernando Carvalho, no intento de verificar a dinâmica de apropriação do romance machadiano Dom Casmurro pela linguagem imagética cinematográfica. Mediante aparato teórico que se debruça sobre o dialogismo bakhtiniano, a intertextualidade de Kristeva, o procedimento de adaptação e o conceito benjaminiano de tradução, traz-se à baila o debate sobre questões pertinentes ao âmbito da transposição do código escrito ao imagético. Ao se refletir as adaptações como um trabalho intertextual que resgata de forma criativo-interpretativa obras-fonte, é possível admiti-las como genuinamente autônomas em seu funcionamento semântico, o que lhes desabilita a forçosa fidedignidade para com o texto original

Predictive factors for neuromotor abnormalities at the corrected age of 12 months in very low birth weight premature infants Fatores preditivos para anormalidades neuromotoras aos 12 meses de idade corrigida em prematuros de muito baixo peso

BACKGROUND: The increase in survival of premature newborns has sparked growing interest in the prediction of their long-term neurodevelopment. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the incidence of neuromotor abnormalities at the corrected age of 12 months and to identify the predictive factors associated with altered neuromotor development in very low birth weight premature infants. METHOD: Cohort study. The sample included 100 premature infants. The outcome was neuromotor development at 12 months classified by Bayley Scale (PDI) and neurological assessment (tonus, reflexes, posture). A multivariate logistic regression model was constructed. Neonatal variables and neuromotor abnormalities up to 6 months of corrected age were selected by bivariate analysis. RESULTS: Mean birth weight was 1126g (SD: 240). Abnormal neuromotor development was presented in 60 children at 12 months corrected age. CONCLUSION: According to the model, patients with a diagnosis including bronchopulmonary dysplasia, hypertonia of lower extremities, truncal hypotonia showed a 94.0% probability of neuromotor involvement at 12 months.INTRODUÇÃO: O aumento na sobrevida de recém-nascidos prematuros tem suscitado interesse crescente na predição do seu neurodesenvolvimento a longo prazo. OBJETIVO: Estimar a incidência de anormalidades neuromotoras aos 12 meses de idade corrigida e identificar os fatores associados ao desenvolvimento neuromotor alterado em prematuros de muito baixo peso. MÉTODO: Estudo de coorte. A amostra incluiu 100 crianças prematuras.O desfecho foi o desenvolvimento neuromotor aos 12 meses. Modelo de regressão logística multivariado foi construído. Variáveis neonatais e anormalidades neuromotoras até os 6 meses de idade corrigida foram selecionadas por análise bivariada. RESULTADOS: O peso de nascimento médio foi 1126g (DP:240). Aos 12 meses 60% das crianças apresentaram desenvolvimento neuromotor alterado. CONCLUSÃO: De acordo com o modelo, pacientes com diagnóstico incluindo displasia broncopulmonar, hipertonia de membros inferiores e hipotonia de tronco tinham 94% de probabilidade de comprometimento neuromotor aos 12 meses

Main lesions in the central nervous system of dogs due to Leishmania infantum infection

Abstract Background Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is endemic in São Luís Maranhão/Brazil and it leads a varied clinical picture, including neurological signs. Results Histopathological evaluation showed that 14 dogs exhibited pathological alterations in at least one of the analyzed areas. Of these, mononuclear inflammatory reaction was the most frequent, although other lesions, such as hemorrhage, chromatolysis and gliosis were also observed. The presence of L. infantum amastigotes was confirmed in eight dogs, identified in four regions: telencephalon, hippocampus, thalamus and caudal colliculus, but only one presented neurological signs. Polymerase chain reaction results detected the DNA of the parasite in 11 samples from seven dogs. The positive areas were the telencephalon, thalamus, hippocampus, cerebellum, caudal and rostral colliculus. Conclusion These results reveal that during canine visceral leishmaniasis, the central nervous system may display some alterations, without necessarily exhibiting clinical neurological manifestations. In addition, the L. infantum parasite has the ability to cross the blood brain barrier and penetrate the central nervous system

La atención a la salud en Brasil a partir de la percepción de travestis, transexuales y transgéneros

In der hier beschriebenen Studie wurde untersucht, wie Transsexuelle Dienstleistungen des brasilianischen Gesundheitssystems wahrnehmen und bewerten. Unter Verwendung eines phänomenologischen Forschungsansatzes wurden acht teilstrukturierte Interviews mit transsexuellen Personen durchgeführt. Jedes Interview wurde inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet, durch jeweils zwei Interviewer/innen bewertet und im gesamten Forschungsteam diskutiert. Im Zuge der Analyse wurden die folgenden Kategorien als besonders bedeutungsvoll für die von den Teilnehmenden berichteten Erfahrungen ermittelt: Homophobie, Ansprechbarkeit und Humanität, Zugang zu Gesundheitsdienstleistungen und Verbesserungsvorschläge für das brasilianische Gesundheitssystem. Die Interviewpartner/innen waren eher kritisch, was die Qualifizierung der Professionellen im Gesundheitsdienst mit Blick auf diese spezifische Klientel – Transsexuelle – angeht; hier wurden deutlich sensitivere Umgangsweisen gewünscht. Ein wiederkehrendes Thema war in diesem Zusammenhang der Wunsch nach einer angemessenen und sozial akzeptablen Begrifflichkeit, um transsexuellen Nutzer/innen die Inanspruchnahme von Gesundheitsleistungen zu erleichtern. Hier scheint trotz einiger Anstrengungen brasilianischer Behörden weiter Bedarf für eine signifikante Verbesserung zu sein, damit die sonst im Gesundheitswesen angezielten Qualitätskriterien erreicht werden können. Die Studie unterstreicht auch die Bedeutung qualitativer Forschungsarbeiten für eine angemessene Versorgungsplanung und für die Definition von Leitlienen innerhalb des Gesundheitssystems, die dazu beitragen, besonders vulnerable und marginalisierte Gruppen besser zu integrieren.El objetivo de estudio es describir cómo travestis, transgéneros y transexuales perciben la atención a la salud que reciben en el Sistema de Salud Público de Brasil (SUS). Se trata de un estudio cualitativo fenomenológico, donde se realizaron 8 entrevistas individuales semiestructuradas con transexuales, transgéneros y travestis. Dos investigadores analizaron por separado cada entrevista y la consensuaron con todo el grupo a partir de análisis de contenido temático. Categorías identificadas: homofobia, acogida y humanización, acceso a la salud y sugerencias de mejorías en el sistema de salud. Las participantes señalaron la falta de preparación de los profesionales para atender a este grupo, destacando la necesidad de sensibilización. Una temática presente fue la necesidad de adopción del nombre social en los servicios, como primera estrategia de inclusión de esta población. A pesar de los esfuerzos gubernamentales brasileños, resulta difícil ver cumplidos principios del SUS para garantizar una atención de calidad a todos los ciudadanos. Se manifiesta la importancia del desarrollo de investigaciones cualitativas para la definición de programas y políticas de salud que posibiliten la inclusión de los colectivos más vulnerables y marginales.This study aims to describe how transgender people perceive services offered by the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS). This qualitative study, using the phenomenological technique, is based on eight semi-structured interviews conducted with individuals whose gender identity and/or gender expression differs from the sex they were assigned at birth. Each interview was evaluated by two interviewers and a content analysis performed by all members of the research group. The analysis identified the following categories as having high relevance to the participants’ experiences: homophobia, receptiveness, and humanization, access to health care, and suggestions to improve the SUS. Information shared by participants emphasized their belief that health care professionals are not adequately prepared to assist transgendered individuals and that health care providers should use a more sensitive approach towards them. A recurrent theme was the need to use appropriate and socially acceptable terminology when providing health care services in order to facilitate transgendered individuals' inclusive treatment. Despite the effort of Brazilian authorities, there is a need for significant improvement in health care practices in order to comply with SUS quality standards. This study highlights the importance of qualitative investigations to improve planning and to help define public health policies with the goal of including the most vulnerable and marginalized groups of the population

Attitudes and Perceptions of the Brazilian Public Health System by Transgender Individuals

In der hier beschriebenen Studie wurde untersucht, wie Transsexuelle Dienstleistungen des brasilianischen Gesundheitssystems wahrnehmen und bewerten. Unter Verwendung eines phänomenologischen Forschungsansatzes wurden acht teilstrukturierte Interviews mit transsexuellen Personen durchgeführt. Jedes Interview wurde inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet, durch jeweils zwei Interviewer/innen bewertet und im gesamten Forschungsteam diskutiert. Im Zuge der Analyse wurden die folgenden Kategorien als besonders bedeutungsvoll für die von den Teilnehmenden berichteten Erfahrungen ermittelt: Homophobie, Ansprechbarkeit und Humanität, Zugang zu Gesundheitsdienstleistungen und Verbesserungsvorschläge für das brasilianische Gesundheitssystem. Die Interviewpartner/innen waren eher kritisch, was die Qualifizierung der Professionellen im Gesundheitsdienst mit Blick auf diese spezifische Klientel – Transsexuelle – angeht; hier wurden deutlich sensitivere Umgangsweisen gewünscht. Ein wiederkehrendes Thema war in diesem Zusammenhang der Wunsch nach einer angemessenen und sozial akzeptablen Begrifflichkeit, um transsexuellen Nutzer/innen die Inanspruchnahme von Gesundheitsleistungen zu erleichtern. Hier scheint trotz einiger Anstrengungen brasilianischer Behörden weiter Bedarf für eine signifikante Verbesserung zu sein, damit die sonst im Gesundheitswesen angezielten Qualitätskriterien erreicht werden können. Die Studie unterstreicht auch die Bedeutung qualitativer Forschungsarbeiten für eine angemessene Versorgungsplanung und für die Definition von Leitlienen innerhalb des Gesundheitssystems, die dazu beitragen, besonders vulnerable und marginalisierte Gruppen besser zu integrieren. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs0902281El objetivo de estudio es describir cómo travestis, transgéneros y transexuales perciben la atención a la salud que reciben en el Sistema de Salud Público de Brasil (SUS). Se trata de un estudio cualitativo fenomenológico, donde se realizaron 8 entrevistas individuales semiestructuradas con transexuales, transgéneros y travestis. Dos investigadores analizaron por separado cada entrevista y la consensuaron con todo el grupo a partir de análisis de contenido temático. Categorías identificadas: homofobia, acogida y humanización, acceso a la salud y sugerencias de mejorías en el sistema de salud. Las participantes señalaron la falta de preparación de los profesionales para atender a este grupo, destacando la necesidad de sensibilización. Una temática presente fue la necesidad de adopción del nombre social en los servicios, como primera estrategia de inclusión de esta población. A pesar de los esfuerzos gubernamentales brasileños, resulta difícil ver cumplidos principios del SUS para garantizar una atención de calidad a todos los ciudadanos. Se manifiesta la importancia del desarrollo de investigaciones cualitativas para la definición de programas y políticas de salud que posibiliten la inclusión de los colectivos más vulnerables y marginales. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs0902281This study aims to describe how transgender people perceive services offered by the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS). This qualitative study, using the phenomenological technique, is based on eight semi-structured interviews conducted with individuals whose gender identity and/or gender expression differs from the sex they were assigned at birth. Each interview was evaluated by two interviewers and a content analysis performed by all members of the research group. The analysis identified the following categories as having high relevance to the participants’ experiences: homophobia, receptiveness, and humanization, access to health care, and suggestions to improve the SUS. Information shared by participants emphasized their belief that health care professionals are not adequately prepared to assist transgendered individuals and that health care providers should use a more sensitive approach towards them. A recurrent theme was the need to use appropriate and socially acceptable terminology when providing health care services in order to facilitate transgendered individuals' inclusive treatment. Despite the effort of Brazilian authorities, there is a need for significant improvement in health care practices in order to comply with SUS quality standards. This study highlights the importance of qualitative investigations to improve planning and to help define public health policies with the goal of including the most vulnerable and marginalized groups of the population. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs090228

Attitudes and Perceptions of the Brazilian Public Health System by Transgender Individuals

This study aims to describe how transgender people perceive services offered by the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS). This qualitative study, using the phenomenological technique, is based on eight semi-structured interviews conducted with individuals whose gender identity and/or gender expression differs from the sex they were assigned at birth. Each interview was evaluated by two interviewers and a content analysis performed by all members of the research group. The analysis identified the following categories as having high relevance to the participants’ experiences: homophobia, receptiveness, and humanization, access to health care, and suggestions to improve the SUS. Information shared by participants emphasized their belief that health care professionals are not adequately prepared to assist transgendered individuals and that health care providers should use a more sensitive approach towards them. A recurrent theme was the need to use appropriate and socially acceptable terminology when providing health care services in order to facilitate transgendered individuals' inclusive treatment. Despite the effort of Brazilian authorities, there is a need for significant improvement in health care practices in order to comply with SUS quality standards. This study highlights the importance of qualitative investigations to improve planning and to help define public health policies with the goal of including the most vulnerable and marginalized groups of the population. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs090228

DIVULGAÇÃO DAS GEOCIÊNCIAS PELO MUSEU DA GEODIVERSIDADE-IGEO-UFRJ

O Museu da Geodiversidade (MGeo) foi criado em 2007 e localiza-se na Ilha do Fundão, Cidade Universitária da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ. Abriga a terceira maior coleção de fósseis do país, catalogada pelo sistema Paleo do Serviço Geológico do Brasil, de acervos disponíveis na Internet. Compreende um abundante e diversificado patrimônio científico composto por elementos da geodiversidade, tais como minerais, rochas, solos e fósseis, além de fotografias, instrumentos de uso em Geociências, mapas, documentos e livros raros. Parte desse acervo pode ser contemplado na exposição Memórias da Terra, inaugurada em 11 de setembro de 2011 e que abrange uma área de cerca de 600m², subdividida em 12 módulos. Ela foi concebida com o intuito de apresentar a evolução da Terra ao longo do tempo geológico. Além de contar com um incrível acervo composto por fósseis, rochas, minerais, reconstituições e esculturas digitais únicas, foram desenvolvidos equipamentos de interatividade exclusivos. Com a ajuda da tecnologia, o famoso escritor brasileiro Monteiro Lobato ganha vida; é possível experimentar a sensação de estar em um terremoto, além de analisar objetos do nosso cotidiano e verificar se algum derivado de petróleo foi utilizado em sua fabricação. Por isso, é possível afirmar que a história do Planeta Terra é retratada na exposição sob o viés estético e interativo, com a museografia pautada em três pilares: conhecimento, estética e tecnologia. Toda a narrativa expositiva buscou privilegiar a comunicação com o público. A maior parte dos visitantes  é composta por alunos e professores das redes pública e privada de educação, seguida pelos estudantes e pesquisadores da própria UFRJ e de outras instituições de ensino superior. As ações do MGeo vão além da exposição de longa duração e se ramificaram para outros espaços da Cidade Universitária. Assim, a compreensão do passado geológico da Terra e da valorização do patrimônio geológico também ampliou-se para o passado geológico e histórico da formação da Ilha do Fundão. Isso ocorreu através do mapeamento dos pontos de interesse geológico do estado. O museu conta com uma equipe multidisciplinar composta por museólogos, geólogos, paleontólogos e educadores. Os membros coordenam bolsistas, voluntários e alunos curriculares de diferentes áreas do conhecimento, tais como Geografia, Geologia, Gravura, Pintura, Escultura, Comunicação Visual, Letras, Museologia, Indumentária, Desenho Industrial, Terapia Ocupacional, Arquitetura, Ciências da Computação entre outros. As atividades pedagógicas criadas por este grupo visam complementar a exposição e os conhecimentos adquiridos, ampliando, de acordo com as características de cada grupo, a sua experiência no museu. Através da união entre ciência, educação e lazer, o MGeo procura preservar o patrimônio geológico a partir da conservação de suas coleções científicas e demonstrar a importância das Geociências para as atividades econômicas e melhoria das condições de vida da população. Para isso, atua de forma intensa na revitalização do espaço da Cidade Universitária, elabora, planeja e executa projetos educacionais dentro e fora da universidade e exposições criativas para auxiliar o desenvolvimento cultural e social dos cidadãos.Palavras-chave: Museu da Geodiversidade, Exposição, divulgação científica, extensão universitária