7 research outputs found

    Effects of air pollution caused by sugarcane burning in Western São Paulo on the cardiovascular system

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    OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of acute exposure to air pollutants (NO2 and PM10) on hospitalization of adults and older people with cardiovascular diseases in Western São Paulo. METHODS Daily cardiovascular-related hospitalization data (CID10 – I00 to I99) were acquired by the Department of Informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System (DATASUS) from January 2009 to December 2012. Daily levels of NO2 and PM10 and weather data were obtained from Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo (CETESB – São Paulo State Environmental Agency). To estimate the effects of air pollutants exposure on hospital admissions, generalized linear Poisson regression models were used. RESULTS During the study period, 6,363 hospitalizations were analysed. On the day of NO2 exposure, an increase of 1.12% (95%CI 0.05–2.20) was observed in the interquartile range along with an increase in hospital admissions. For PM10, a pattern of similar effect was observed; however, results were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Even though with values within established limits, NO2 is an important short-term risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity

    ANÁLISE DO TRANSPORTE MUCOCILIAR DE TABAGISTAS EM INTERVALOS DE ABSTINÊNCIA DO TABACO

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    O tabagismo é considerado pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) a principal causa de morte evitável em todo o mundo. Portanto, o objetivo foi avaliar o efeito agudo do hábito tabagístico no transporte mucociliar em diferentes momentos. Foi composto por 2 grupos (Grupo tabagista n=20; e Grupo não tabagista n=20). Inicialmente foram obtidos dados pessoais, história tabágica e, após 12 horas em abstinência tabagística foi realizado teste de função pulmonar (espirometria), quantificação do monóxido de carbono no ar exalado (Coex) e mensuração do tempo de trânsito de sacarina (TTS). Para normalidade dos dados utilizou-se o teste de Shapiro Wilk, e para comparação entre grupos t student ou Mann-Whitney, dependendo da distribuição. O TTS mostrou valor inferior ao grupo controle, tendo a maior média encontrada após 20 minutos. O transporte mucociliar dos participantes tabagistas não foi diferente do grupo controle, mesmo após exposição aguda aos componentes do cigarro

    Relação entre poluição do ar e internações hospitalares por doenças respiratórias e cardiovascular em uma cidade do interior do Estado de São Paulo

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    Introduction: Air pollution has been considered a public health problem since the 20th century. Together with world growth there has been an increase in energy consumption and vehicles, which has increasingly stimulated the development of more efficient technology. The global interest in replacing fossil fuels with biofuels has generated a significant increase in sugarcane production, at which Brazil excels, ranked as the largest producer of cane sugar in the world, thus generating an increase in the levels of pollutants in the environment. As a result, public policy stipulated an allowable limit based on expert advice, so as to take any necessary action against high levels of pollutants. However, some studies have indicated that even concentrations below the limits set by the World Health Organization (WHO) could present a high risk to public health. The WHO states that there is an impact of air pollution on cardiopulmonary function, causing the onset and/or worsening of diseases such as asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, lung infections, rhinopharyngitis, irritation of the respiratory tract, and cardiovascular diseases, which in turn leads to a high risk of mortality, hospital admissions and emergency room and outpatient visits...Introdução: A poluição do ar é considerada um problema de saúde pública desde o século XX. Com o crescimento Mundial houve um aumento do consumo de energia e frotas veiculares, onde cada vez mais tem estimulado o desenvolvimento de tecnologias mais eficientes. O interesse mundial em substituir combustíveis fósseis por biocombustíveis tem gerado aumento significativo na produção canavieira, e o Brasil dispara no ranking, classificado como o maior produtor de cana-de-açúcar do mundo gerando assim, aumento nos níveis de poluentes no meio ambiente. Deste modo, políticas públicas estipularam um limite permitido onde estudiosos se baseavam para assim tomarem alguma iniciativa contra os níveis elevados de poluentes. Em contrapartida alguns estudos indicam que mesmo as concentrações abaixo dos limites estabelecidos pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) podem promover um grande risco à saúde da população. A OMS relata que há impacto da poluição do ar sobre a função cardiopulmonar, causando o aparecimento e/ou agravamento de doenças tais como asma, bronquite crônica, enfisema pulmonar, infecções pulmonares, rinofaringites, irritações nas vias respiratórias, e doenças cardiovasculares, o que conduz a um elevado risco de mortalidade, admissões hospitalares, visitas à emergência e ambulatório..

    Resultados de um programa de cessação tabagística: análise de novos procedimentos

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    Introduction: Cigarette smoking may be effectively treated by therapies with a focus on cognitive behavioral approach; so it is essential to detailed description of such a program. Objectives: To describe a smoking cessation program with new procedures and evaluate their success rate. Methods: Smokers participating in a smoking cessation program based on pharmacological and cognitive behav - ioral therapies were followed for one year, and the cessation rate was assessed as lasting for at least six months after they stopping smoking. The following proce - dures were implemented in the program: increased frequency of meetings (twice a week); cessation date established by therapists of the program, first meeting is intended to present the treatment, clarification of doubts and patients motiva - tion and finally participation of former smokers to encourage beginners in the program. Results: A total of 145 subjects participated in the study. There was a success rate of 64.42% during follow-up. Conclusion: We concluded that new procedures in a smoking cessation program can provide a high success rate of abstinence when compared to literature data

    Effects of air pollution caused by sugarcane burning in Western São Paulo on the cardiovascular system

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    ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of acute exposure to air pollutants (NO2 and PM10) on hospitalization of adults and older people with cardiovascular diseases in Western São Paulo. METHODS Daily cardiovascular-related hospitalization data (CID10 – I00 to I99) were acquired by the Department of Informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System (DATASUS) from January 2009 to December 2012. Daily levels of NO2 and PM10 and weather data were obtained from Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo (CETESB – São Paulo State Environmental Agency). To estimate the effects of air pollutants exposure on hospital admissions, generalized linear Poisson regression models were used. RESULTS During the study period, 6,363 hospitalizations were analysed. On the day of NO2 exposure, an increase of 1.12% (95%CI 0.05–2.20) was observed in the interquartile range along with an increase in hospital admissions. For PM10, a pattern of similar effect was observed; however, results were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Even though with values within established limits, NO2 is an important short-term risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity
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