Die teksfunksie en boodskap van Jesaja 49:1-6

The textual function and message of Isaiah 49:1-6 The purpose of this article is to arrive at legitimate deductions about the textual function and the theological message of Isaiah 49:1-6. This goal is pursued by means of a method consisting of a synchronic analysis, a diachronic analysis, and a reception-critical analysis

Nonlinear Excitation Of Ion-acoustic Modes By Rf Waves

We have detected a slow ion-acoustic wave propagating obliquely to the equilibrium magnetic field in a low-density, weakly ionized helium plasma produced by rf power in the linear mirror machine LISA. When an upper hybrid wave is launched perpendicular to the ambient magnetic field, we have observed that the upper hybrid wave decays parametrically into another upper hybrid wave and a slow ion-acoustic wave. © 1992 The American Physical Society.45107640764

Toxicity of synthetic and natural compounds on Tetranychus urticae and the predator Phytoseiulus macropilis

The objective of this work was to evaluate the toxicity of synthetic and natural compounds on Tetranychus urticae and the predator Phytoseiulus macropilis. Mortality and growth rates of T. urticae and its predator were evaluated after applications of: abamectin, clofentezine, fenpropathrin, fenpyroximate, propargite, sulfur and spiromesifen, at their recommended concentrations; neem oils (Natuneem and Sempre Verde Killer Neem at 1%); and aqueous extracts at 10% of Dieffenbachia brasiliensis, Annona squamosa, Ruta graveolens, Agave angustifolia, Melia azedarach, Sonchus oleraceus, Mentha spicata x M. suaveolens, Allium cepa, Laurus nobilis, and Eucalyptus saligna. The acute toxicity and the influence of the compounds on the instantaneous growth rate of the mites were carried out in laboratory. Extracts of A. cepa, A. angustifolia, neem oil-based products, spiromesifen, propargite, fenpyroximate, abamectin and fenpropathrin caused mortality higher than 83% on T. urticae. Extract of A. angustifolia, Natuneem and clofentezine did not cause significant mortality rates on P. macropilis. Agave angustifolia and Natuneem did not affect significantly the growth rate of this predator. Propargite, fenpyroximate, abamectin, fenpropathrin, spiromesifen and extract of L. nobilis severely affected P. macropilis population

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time, and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space. While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes, vast areas of the tropics remain understudied. In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity, but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases. To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge, it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Maupertuis, D'arcy, D'alembert And The Principle Of Least Action In Optics: A Critical Analysis [maupertuis, D'arcy, D'alembert E O Princípio De Ação Mínima Na óptica: Uma Análise Crítica]

Maupertuis proposed in 1744 the "principle of least action", applying it to the refraction of light. This paper discusses the foundation of Maupertuis' work and the criticism it received from d'Alembert and d'Arcy. This analysis shows that the principle of least action was not well grounded, since the reflection and refraction of light do not obey a general principle of minimum.293455463P.L.M. Maupertuis, Histoire de l'Académie Royale des Sciences, année M.DCCXLIV, avec les Mémoires de Mathématique et de Physique tirez des Registres de cette Académie, 417 (1748)Moreira, I.C., (1999) Revista Brasileira de Ensino de Física, 21, p. 172Newton, I., (1952) Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, , Encyclopaedia Britannica, ChicagoJ.R. d'Alembert, Action, in: D. Diderot e J.R. d'Alembert (eds), Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire Raisonné des Sciences, des Arts et des Métiers, par une 'Societé de Gens de Lettres (Briasson, Paxis, 1751-1782), v. 1, p. 119-120, 17 + 11 vRadelet, P., Grave, D., (1998) Llull, Revista de la Sociedad Española de Historia de la Ciencias y las Técnicas, 21, p. 439J.F. Michaud e L.G. Michaud (eds) Biographie Universelle Ancienne et Moderne. Nouvelle édition (Mme. C. Desplaces/Michaud, Paris, 1843-1865), 45 vP. d'Arcy, Histoire de l'Académie Royale des Sciences, année M.DCCXLIX, avec les Mémoires de Mathématique et de Physique tirés des Registres de cette Académie, 531 (1753)[Anônimo], Histoire de l'Académie Royale des Sciences, année M.DCCXLIX, avec les Mémoires de Mathématique et de Physique tirés des Registres de cette Académie, p. 179-181 (1743)J.R. d'Alembert, Causes Finales, in: D. Diderot e J.R. d'Alembert (eds), Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire Raisonné des Sciences, des Arts et des Métiers, par une Societé de Gens de Lettres (Briasson, Paxis, 1751-1782), v. 2, p. 789, 17 + 11 vA. Tacquet, Opera Mathematica (Iacobum Meursium, Antuerpia, 1969)J.R. d'Alembert, Cosmologie, in: D. Diderot e J.R. d'Alembert (eds.), Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire Raisonné des Sciences, des Arts et des Métiers, par une Societé de Gens de Lettres (Briasson, Paxis, 1751-1782), v. 4, p. 294-297, 17 + 11 vP. d'Arcy, Histoire de l'Académie Royale des Sciences, année M.DCCLII, avec les Mémoires de Mathématique et de Physique tirés des Registres de cette Académie, 503 (1756)P.E.B. Jourdain, The Principle of Least Action (Open Court, Chicago, 1913). Reimpresso em B. Cohen (org), The Conservation of Energy and the Principle of Least Action (Arno Press, Nova Iorque, 1981)Schrecker, P., (1941) Isis, 33, p. 329Meyerson, E., (1951) Identité et Réalité, , J. Vrin, Paris, 5a e

Maupertuis And The Principle Of Least Action In Mechanics: A Critical Analysis [maupertuis E O Princípio Mecânico De Ação Mínima: Uma Análise Crítica]

In a paper presented in 1746 Maupertuis communicated the principle of least action as a general and universal principle. He claimed that it could not only explain the laws of motion but also prove the existence of God. He applied the principle to the study of the collision between elastic and inelastic bodies and to the equilibrium of a lever, finding correct results. In this article we present a detailed analysis of Maupertuis' demonstrations and we show that they had serious problems. His mistakes were criticized by d'Alembert and d'Arcy shortly after the publication of his work. Copyright by the Sociedade Brasileira de Física.294625633Roberto de Andrade Martins e Ana Paula Bispo da Silva, Revista. Brasileira de Ensino de Fisica 29, 455 (2007)Pierre de Castro Moreau, Revista Brasileira de Ensino de Física 21, 172 (1999)Louis, P., Maupertuis, M., (1746) Histoire de l'Academie Royale des Sciences et Belles Lettres de Berlin 267Bentley Glas. in Dictionory of Scientific Biography. editado por C.C. Gilliespie (Charles Scribner's Sons, New York, 1970), v. 8, p. 186-189Louis, P., Maupertuis, M., (1768) Essai de Cosmologie, , Librairie Philosophique J. Vrin, ParisGuéroult, M., (1934) Dynamique et Métaphysique Leibniziènnes, , Belles Lettres, ParisG.W. Leibniz, Mathematische Schriften, org. por C.I. Gerhardt (Georg Olms, Nova Iorque, 1971), 7 vHankins, T.L., (1967) Journal of the History of Ideas, 28, p. 193Nicolas de Malebranche, De la Recherche de la Vérité (Henry Desbordes, Amsterdam, 1688), Nouvelle Edition Reveue, Corrigée & AugmentteeJean le Rond d'Alembert, Action, in D. Diderot e J.R. d'Alembert (eds), Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire Raisonné des Sciences, des Arts et des Métiers, par une Societé de Gens de Lettres (Briasson, Paris, 1751-1782), v. 1, p. 119-120, 17+11 vD'Arcy, P., (1753) Histoire de l'Académie Royale des Sciences avec les Mémoires de kathématique et de Physique tirés des Resgistres de cette Academie 531König, S., (1751) Nova Acta Eruditorum, 125, p. 162Radelet-De Grave, P., (1998) LLULL, Revista de la, Sociedad Espanola de Historia de la, Ciensas y las Tecnicas, 21, p. 439Roberto de Andrade Martins e Ana Paula Bispo da Silva, Filosofia Unisinos 8, 146 (2007)Euler, L., (1744) Methodus Inveniendi Lineas Curvas Maximi Minimive Proprietate Gaudentes, Sive Solutio Problematis Isoperimetrici Latissimo Sensu Accepti, , Mercum-Michaelem Bousquet & Socios, Lausanne & GenèveEuler, L., (1843) Lettres a une princesse d'Allemagne sur divers sujets de physique et de philosophie, , Charpentier, Paris, Nouvelle Edition, avec une Introduction et des Notes par Émile Saisse