Growth enhancement of Brazilian green dwarf coconut seedlings by Bacillus cereus in coconut fiber substrate is associated with changes in metabolism and reduction in fertilization

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of application of Bacillus cereus combined with the use of substrate and reduction in conventional fertilization on the growth of green dwarf coconut seedlings in Brazil, the Santa Isabel nursery in the state of Pará, Brazil. The experiment design was completely randomized with four treatments: soil+100% fertilizati+on; soil+ 50% fertilization + B. cereus; coconut fiber+100% of fertilization; and coconut fiber+33% of fertilization plus B. cereus, with 5 replications. Biochemical tests were performed with B. cereus and in the field where the following were evaluated: biometrics, hormonal and nutritional profile compared by t Test (P <0.05). Isolate B. cereus produced siderophores, IAA and phosphate solubilizer. In the field, the treatmwxent with inoculated coconut fiber and B. cereus stood out where nursery time was reduced by two months. Increments by 190% in IAA, 31% in GA3, and 17% in GA4 were found. This combination resulted in an increase by 98% in N, 42% in P, 82% in K, 103% in Ca, 68% in Mg, 84% in B, 41% in Fe, compared to control plants in coconut fiber+100% fertilization. Therefore, the use of B. cereus to obtain coconut seedlings is a technology that provides greater development in a shorter time in nursery and reduction in application of inputs

A representação visual auxiliando a comunicação para o beneficiamento do jeans: Visual representation aiding communication for the processing of jeans

Originalmente o denim se apresentava nas cores que variavam entre o azul e o verde amarronzado. Processos de acabamento começaram a ser empregados para agregar valor sensorial e posteriormente estético ao produto com valor de moda produzido com o denim. A roupa confeccionada com esse tecido passou a ser denominada jeans. Construir um fluxograma para auxiliar a visualização dos processos de beneficiamento do denim foi o objetivo do estudo que apresenta o jeans como uma roupa que veste todos os povos na atualidade

Compósito têxtil produzido através de resíduos têxteis, celulose vegetal e microbiana

 A reciclagem é uma alternativa eficiente de ganho ambiental e ecológico visando minimizar os impactos ambientais. Fibrilas têxteis geradas durante a secagem das peças em máquinas nas lavanderias de beneficiamento têxtil e papel/papelão utilizados como embalagens são materiais celulósicos que apresentam potencial para reaproveitamento e reciclagem. A celulose produzida por microrganismos também está sendo produzida visando agregar características a compósitos da área têxtil e reduzir o valor final do produto. Produzir e caracterizar macroscopicamente compósitos têxteis utilizando fibrilas têxteis, papel reciclado e celulose bacteriana foi o objetivo desta pesquisa. Para a produção dos compósitos os materiais foram homogeneizados, a massa obtida foi distribuída em telas de nylon e prensada, em seguida as telas seguiram para secagem em um Vaporizador e Rama. Além da avaliação sensorial cada compósito passou por teste de flexibilidade, ângulo de contato e índice de absorção. Os compósitos produzidos apresentam-se como um material com características visuais de papel. O material tem potencial para uso na indústria de papel e embalagens, revestimentos e na produção de acessórios

Inbreeding depression of 28 maize elite open pollinated varieties

The study of inbreeding depression is important for breeding strategies such as use of inbred progenies or extraction of inbreed lines. A diallel of 28 maize open-pollinated varieties was evaluated in 10 environments in the early 1990s. At the same time, S1 populations for each of the 28 varieties were evaluated in the same 10 experiments (environments). Yield reductions of the populations from S0 to S1 (mean of the 10 environments), varied from 34.6% (CMS-01) to 59.2% (CMS-30), with an average of 49.1%. Inbreeding depression was greater in populations with a wider genetic base, which had never been exposed to inbreeding (CMS-30, BR-107, PH4, Cunha, Saracura, Nitrodent, and Nitroflint). Inbred lines with greater yield means should be obtained from the BR-105, BR-111, CMS-01, CMS-03, BR-106, CMS-14c, and CMS-28 populations. The use of parameter estimates generated by analysis of inbreeding depression, allow to make inferences about frequencies of deleterious alleles in the population. The frequencies of favorable alleles in the parents can be obtained by diallel analysis. The association of these two types of information, can provide a better interpretation of the genetic parameters and also can improve the process of selection of parents for either an intra- or an inter-populational breeding program