Seismic performance of bridges during the 2016 Central Italy earthquakes

This paper focuses on the structural performance of existing masonry and reinforced concrete bridges which were surveyed in the aftermath of the 2016 Central Italy earthquakes. Typical bridge vulnerabilities are first reviewed, as they provide a reference for the response of the bridges that were damaged by the 2016 earthquake swarm. Case studies are then discussed and preliminary numerical analyses are carried out to interpret the observed failure modes. In general, all surveyed masonry bridges experienced some extent of damage, particularly when built with poor-quality materials and subjected to geotechnical-induced effects. However, they offered a robust response in terms of collapse prevention. The majority of existing reinforced concrete bridges, although designed primarily for gravity loads, exhibited acceptable performance; however, local damage due to the poor maintenance of the structural systems was observed, which affected primarily the non-structural components of the bridges

Analisi della risposta strutturale di alcuni ponti durante il terremoto del Centro Italia

La presente memoria analizza la risposta strutturale dei ponti in muratura ed in c.a. durante la sequenza sismica registrata nel Centro Italia. Dopo una breve discussione delle caratteristiche principali della sequenza sismica registrata nel 2016-2017, vengono esaminati in particolare i diversi meccanismi di collasso osservati e la prestazione sismica di alcune delle più significative infrastrutture viarie presenti nell’area del cratere ed essenziali per le operazioni di soccorso. Dai sopralluoghi effettuati e dall’esame della risposta strutturale si può asserire che gran parte dei danni rilevati sono attribuibili principalmente a fenomeni di degrado dovuti alla scarsa manutenzione, nonché a stati pregressi di danneggiamento

Comparison of temporal and spatial variation of periphytic algal community in two urban lakes in Umuarama-PR (Brazil)

Water resources are very important for all living organisms, and as being of vital importance need to be preserved. Thus, many water bodies are monitored as an essential strategy for identification of possible alterations over space and time. The analyses were performed in two different hydrological conditions, and water sample and rocks were collected in two different points at each lake. The results showed higher values of Ammoniacal Nitrogen in Aratimbó Lake, mainly during dry period (Ammoniacal Nitrogen = 4.2 mgL-1) at P1. However, P2 at Tucuruvi Lake presented higher concentration of Orthophosphate (2.24 mgL-1). Total Periphyton density also demonstrated variation among the different hydrological scenarios and lakes. The Highest density was of 385.30 10³ ind.cm-2at Aratimbó Lake and 180.43 10³ ind.cm-2at Tucuruvi Lake in rainy condition. Comparing the predominance of species, In Aratimbó Lake, Chlorophyceae class was predominant at P1, while Cyanophyceae class was predominant at P2. In dry period, Bacillarophyceae class was seen as the predominant class for both of lakes and for all sampling points. Differently from Aratimbó Lake, in Tucuruvi Lake Bacillarophyceae class was predominant in both of hydrological scenarios

Beta-Blocker Use in Older Hospitalized Patients Affected by Heart Failure and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An Italian Survey From the REPOSI Register

Beta (β)-blockers (BB) are useful in reducing morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure (HF) and concomitant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Nevertheless, the use of BBs could induce bronchoconstriction due to β2-blockade. For this reason, both the ESC and GOLD guidelines strongly suggest the use of selective β1-BB in patients with HF and COPD. However, low adherence to guidelines was observed in multiple clinical settings. The aim of the study was to investigate the BBs use in older patients affected by HF and COPD, recorded in the REPOSI register. Of 942 patients affected by HF, 47.1% were treated with BBs. The use of BBs was significantly lower in patients with HF and COPD than in patients affected by HF alone, both at admission and at discharge (admission, 36.9% vs. 51.3%; discharge, 38.0% vs. 51.7%). In addition, no further BB users were found at discharge. The probability to being treated with a BB was significantly lower in patients with HF also affected by COPD (adj. OR, 95% CI: 0.50, 0.37-0.67), while the diagnosis of COPD was not associated with the choice of selective β1-BB (adj. OR, 95% CI: 1.33, 0.76-2.34). Despite clear recommendations by clinical guidelines, a significant underuse of BBs was also observed after hospital discharge. In COPD affected patients, physicians unreasonably reject BBs use, rather than choosing a β1-BB. The expected improvement of the BB prescriptions after hospitalization was not observed. A multidisciplinary approach among hospital physicians, general practitioners, and pharmacologists should be carried out for better drug management and adherence to guideline recommendations

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Storia di due nobili amanti con la loro pietosa morte avvenuta gia in Verona nel tempo del signor Bartholommeo dalla Scala

STORIA DI DUE NOBILI AMANTI CON LA LORO PIETOSA MORTE AVVENUTA GIA IN VERONA NEL TEMPO DEL SIGNOR BARTHOLOMMEO DALLA SCALA Storia di due nobili amanti con la loro pietosa morte avvenuta gia in Verona nel tempo del signor Bartholommeo dalla Scala ([1]) Einband ( - ) Titelseite ([1]) Widmung ([3]) Text (9) A Gli Onorandi Signori Dell' Accademia Fiorentina ([1]

Juliette et Roméo

El segundo ed. consta en colofó

Damage assessment and identification of defects in reinforced masonry walls

none4In the framework of the DISWall research project, funded by the European Commission, quality assessment procedures for modern reinforced masonry buildings, based on the use of non-destructive test methods, are under development. Different testing techniques were applied on two reinforced masonry systems, based on the use of perforated clay units, typically designed for construction in areas characterized by low to high seismic hazard. In this contribution, the results of radar tests, applied in laboratory on two masonry specimens built by including known defects into the masonry, are reported. The main aim of the testing campaign was that of evaluating the effectiveness of the proposed non-destructive technique for localizing the position of vertical and horizontal reinforcement, evaluating the presence of the rebars overlapping, identifying the non-proper filling of vertical and horizontal joints and the absence of proper cover for the reinforcement. Subsequently, real scale reinforced masonry walls were tested on-site. Radar tests were again applied. Furthermore, dynamic tests were carried out on 6 m high walls, tested under cyclic out-of-plane loading, at different stages of the tests, in order to evaluate the influence of the damage on the structural response of the system. In the present contribution, the first results of the experimental tests are presented and discussed.noneDA PORTO F.; ZANZI L.; MOSELE F.; AROSIO D.DA PORTO, Francesca; Zanzi, L.; Mosele, F.; Arosio, D

Comportamento degli edifici in muratura nella sequenza sismica del 2012 in Emilia

La sequenza sismica iniziata il 20 maggio 2012 in Emilia Romagna ha colpito una regione nella quale le strutture in muratura portante rappresentano un’ampia parte del costruito esistente e la costruzione di nuovi edifici in muratura è pratica comune. Questo articolo ha l’obiettivo di presentare una panoramica sul comportamento sismico delle costruzioni con configurazioni architettoniche comuni, tipiche dell’edilizia residenziale (urbana e rurale) e dei settori agricolo e terziario. La maggior parte degli edifici esistenti in muratura è costruita in mattoni di laterizio. Il comportamento sismico di tali edifici è particolarmente interessante, dal momento che gli eventi sismici principali del passato in Italia hanno colpito aree caratterizzate da edifici in muratura di pietra. Con l’eccezione di alcuni esempi che hanno messo in evidenza carenze strutturali, sistematiche o specifiche, responsabili della vulnerabilità di alcuni edifici, in generale la risposta sismica di queste strutture alla sequenza sismica che ha colpito l’Emilia, caratterizzata da PGA dell’ordine di 0.25-0.30g, è stata piuttosto buona, nonostante la maggior parte di essi sia stata concepita per sopportare i soli carichi verticali. Infatti, la progettazione sismica delle costruzioni è diventata obbligatoria nella zona solo dal 2003. Edifici di limitata altezza in muratura portante moderna, costruiti dopo tale data e progettati quindi secondo criteri antisismici e con adeguati dettagli costruttivi, in molti casi non hanno riportato alcun danno strutturale. Gli esempi presentati in questo lavoro permettono un confronto tra le prestazioni offerte dagli edifici in muratura moderna, progettati secondo criteri sismici e quelli più vecchiThe seismic sequence begun in May 2012 affected a region in which masonry buildings constitute a large percentage of the existing building stock and the construction of new masonry buildings is still common practice. The aim of this paper is to describe the seismic response of the most common structural configurations in the area for urban and rural buildings, both for residential, office and agricultural use. Most existing masonry buildings in the area are realised with clay bricks. The seismic behaviour of this type of buildings is particularly interesting as past seismic events in Italy have mainly affected areas in which stone masonry was predominant. With few exceptions of structural deficiencies which were responsible for the increased vulnerability of some buildings, in general the seismic response of these structures to repeated shaking with a PGA of the order of 0.25-0.30 g was quite satisfactory, despite most of them were only designed for vertical loads. Indeed, seismic design rules became mandatory for this region only after 2003. Buildings of limited height, realised with load-bearing modern masonry, which were built after this year following seismic criteria and with adequate construction details in many cases did not present significant structural damage. The examples presented in this paper show that new masonry buildings, designed according to seismic criteria, generally performed much better than older structures