Is Mercosur an optimum currency area?

We find that generalized purchasing power parity does not hold for Mercosur, and thus that the South American trade group does not constitute an optimum currency area. We also find that the role of the United States cannot be neglected in the region, and that high short run volatility of real exchange rates is accompanied by slow adjustment processes of between 2 and 16 years (PPP puzzle).generalized purchasing power parity; optimum currency area; Mercosur; PPP puzzle

Is Mercosur an optimum currency area? An assessment using generalized purchasing power parity

We consider the cointegration approach of generalized purchasing power parity to show that a necessary condition for Mercosur to be an optimum currency area is met. Yet there are still large cross-country differences as to cast doubt on the success of either monetary union or official dollarization. The PPP puzzle is also found to occur in Mercosur.

A model of the reflection distribution in the vacuum ultra violet region

A reflection model with three components, a specular spike, a specular lobe and a diffuse lobe is discussed. This model was successfully applied to describe reflection of xenon scintillation light (175 nm) by PTFE and other fluoropolymers and can be used for Monte Carlo simulation and analysis of scintillation detectors. The measured data favors a Trowbridge-Reitz distribution function of ellipsoidal micro-surfaces. The intensity of the coherent reflection increases with increasing angle of incidence, as expected, since the surface appears smoother at grazing angles. The total reflectance obtained for PTFE is about 70% for VUV light at normal incidence in vacuum and estimated to be up to 100% in contact with liquid xenon

Developing personas and proto personas to enhance the art museum visitor experience

This paper aims to study and think about the use of personas and proto personas on the art museum visitors’ experience. Its object of study is the educational services of art museums focusing on children and young people up to the age of 18. This is a hybrid - conceptual and empirical – and exploratory study. Conducted through a qualitative methodology, constructivist paradigm and design approach. It relies on critical and creative thinking, as well on data collection. Using a total of 36 interviews to teachers/educators and legal tutors, divided into two distinct phases, and three pre-test interviews. It expands the investigation of application of the construction of personas and proto personas in the management of educational services in art museums. The value of this study lies in exploration of the construction of personas and in a learning context Do - Feel - Learn instead of the traditional “Learn - Feel - Do”.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Scintillation efficiency of liquid xenon for nuclear recoils with the energy down to 5 keV

The scintillation efficiency of liquid xenon for nuclear recoils has been measured to be nearly constant in the recoil energy range from 140 keV down to 5 keV. The average ratio of the efficiency for recoils to that for gamma-rays is found to be 0.19+-0.02.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure

Conservação de recursos genéticos animais de grande porte na Amazônia Oriental (BAGAM).

Os búfalos da raça Carabao e do Tipo Baio compõem pequenas populações no País, sofrendo assim, ameaças de extinção e fortes riscos de descaracterização. O Núcleo de conservação desenvolve estudos voltados à avaliação de parâmetros produtivos e reprodutivos das espécies supracitadas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi acompanhar as ações de conservação genética no Banco de Germoplasma Animal da Amazônia Oriental/BAGAM, com ênfase na coleta, caracterização e documentação dessas espécies de importância socioeconômica para a região. Localizado na ilha de Marajó/PA, o BAGAM atualmente mantêm 238 búfalos entre Carabaos e Baios. Os dados de características fenotípicas, morfométricas, moleculares, assim como, parâmetros produtivos e reprodutivos estão sendo organizados e documentados em bancos de dados de espécies em conservação.PIBIC-2011

Calibração de um sistema de modelação para o estuário do Guadiana

Com a entrada em funcionamento da barragem do Alqueva o regime de caudais no rio Guadiana irá ser alterado. Actualmente a albufeira do Alqueva encontra-se em fase de enchimento sendo garantido um caudal mínimo de 5 a 10m3/s que passa para o estuário. Neste cenário torna-se importante conhecer o comportamento das principais variáveis físicas que caracterizam o estuário do Guadiana, nomeadamente níveis, correntes salinidade e transito de sedimentos. Neste artigo utiliza-se o sistema de modelação MOHID, efectuando-se a calibração do modelo para as medidas de campo disponíveis. Esta tarefa insere-se num trabalho de modelação mais amplo de caracterização do Guadiana do ponto de vista hidrodinâmico e de transporte de propriedades

Reflectance of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) for Xenon Scintillation Light

Gaseous and liquid xenon particle detectors are being used in a number of applications including dark matter search and neutrino-less double beta decay experiments. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is often used in these detectors both as electrical insulator and as a light reflector to improve the efficiency of detection of scintillation photons. However, xenon emits in the vacuum ultraviolet wavelength region (175 nm) where the reflecting properties of PTFE are not sufficiently known. In this work we report on measurements of PTFE reflectance, including its angular distribution, for the xenon scintillation light. Various samples of PTFE, manufactured by different processes (extruded, expanded, skived and pressed) have been studied. The data were interpreted with a physical model comprising both specular and diffuse reflections. The reflectance obtained for these samples ranges from about 47% to 66% for VUV light. Fluoropolymers, namely ETFE, FEP and PFA were also measured

Cultivo do feijão-caupi em sistema agrícola familiar.

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