A INFORMÁTICA COMO INSTRUMENTO NO ENSINO DE BIOLOGIA: ESTUDO DE CASO NA CIDADE DE OURICURI – PE

Uma maneira de obtenção de  melhorias na qualidade de vida dos cidadãos é através do  conhecimento sobre vários assuntos em diversas áreas como: ciência, educação, informática e línguas. O principal percurso é a procura da educação de qualidade, onde a forma de ensino aprendizagem seja cada dia mais estimulada, seja com novas metodologias didáticas ou novos instrumentos que auxiliem tal tarefa. Este estudo teve como objetivo averiguar a visão de docentes de Ciências e Biologia da Cidade de Ouricuri – PE em relação ao que a informática pode respaldar de subsídio no ensino destas disciplinas. Para levantamento de dados houve a aplicação de questionários pré-elaborados aos professores, com questões voltadas ao ensino de biologia frente às novas tecnologias computacionais. Os resultados apontam que os docentes constatam que é necessária a atualização nas metodologias de ensino, principalmente no campo de ciências, visto que esta encontra-se em constantes mudanças, para que seja mais acessível à forma de aprendizagem, levando de uma forma geral ao entendimento de que a informática é uma ferramenta importante para viabilizar o detalhamento de disciplinas com tantas diferenciações, como é o caso da Biologia

Survival differences between women and men in the non-reproductive cancers: Results from a matched analysis of the surveillance, epidemiology, and end-results program

BackgroundMen with non-reproductive cancers have a discrepant outcome compared to women. However, they differ significantly in the incidence of cancer type and characteristics.MethodsPatients with single primary cancer who were 18 years or older and whose data were gathered and made accessible by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program were included in this retrospective analysis. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression before and after propensity score matching were performed to analyze the risk survival by sex.ResultsAmong the 1,274,118 patients included [median (range) age, 65 year (18–85+) years; 688,481 (54.9%) male]. The median follow-up was 21 months (0–191). Substantial improvements in survival were observed for both sexes during the years of inclusion analyzed, with no difference between them, reaching a reduction of almost 17% of deaths in 2010, and of almost 28% in 2015, compared to 2004. The women had a median survival of 74 months and overall mortality of 48.7%. Males had a median survival of 30 months (29.67–30.33) with an overall mortality of 56.2%. The PSM showed a reduced difference (6 months shorter median survival and 2.3% more death in men), but no change in hazards was observed compared to the unmatched analysis [adjusted HR: 0.888 (0.864–0.912) vs. 0.876 (0.866–0.886) in unmatched].ConclusionsThe discrepancy in survival between men and women is not explained only by the incidence of more aggressive and more advanced cancers in the former

Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oil of <em>Mesosphaerum suaveolens</em> (Lamiaceae)

Mesosphaerum suaveolens (Lamiaceae) is a medicinal plant commonly used in Brazil for the treatment of diseases related to the digestive tract and respiratory diseases, so we hypothesized that the essential oil of this species may have antibacterial activity. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial and modulatory activity of the essential oil of M. suaveolens as well as to characterize its chemical composition. The identification of the constituents was performed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and the antibacterial and modulating activity by the plate microdilution method. We found the oil had sesquiterpene β-caryophyllene as the major component. This compound may account for the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus strains, since the essential oil had a MIC of 64 μg/mL for the standard strain and 256 μg/mL for the multiresistant strain, demonstrated that the oil does not exhibit drug modulating activity. Thus, M. suaveolens oil has bioactive compounds which can be used in the preparation of drugs

Peregrinação pelas Igrejas de Lisboa. Tomo I: Templos anteriores à conquista de Lisboa aos Mouros (1147)

A presente obra trata-se de uma investigação sobre o património cultural religioso com enfoque na cidade de Lisboa. Organizado em vários tomos, colige o manuscrito “Peregrinação pelas Igrejas de Lisboa: desde os seus longínquos alvores até aos nossos dias” da autoria do Pe. José da Felicidade Alves numa versão digital, transcrita, revista a anotada. Este primeiro tomo abrange o período anterior à conquista de Lisboa aos Mouros (1147).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Peregrinação pelas Igrejas de Lisboa. Tomo II: Igrejas Medievais de Lisboa (1147-1495)

A presente obra trata-se de uma investigação sobre o património cultural religioso com enfoque na cidade de Lisboa. Organizado em vários tomos, colige o manuscrito “Peregrinação pelas Igrejas de Lisboa: desde os seus longínquos alvores até aos nossos dias” da autoria do Pe. José da Felicidade Alves numa versão digital, transcrita, revista a anotada. Este segundo tomo abrange o período medieval (1147-1495).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Peregrinação pelas Igrejas de Lisboa. Tomo IV: as Igrejas de Lisboa desde 1580 a 1755

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Peregrinação pelas Igrejas de Lisboa. Tomo III: As Igrejas do século XVI (1495-1580)

A presente obra trata-se de uma investigação sobre o património cultural religioso com enfoque na cidade de Lisboa. Organizado em vários tomos, colige o manuscrito “Peregrinação pelas Igrejas de Lisboa: desde os seus longínquos alvores até aos nossos dias” da autoria do Pe. José da Felicidade Alves numa versão digital, transcrita, revista a anotada. Este terceiro tomo abrange o período do século XVI (1495-1580).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Analysis of the surgical approach in prostate cancer staging: results from the surveillance, epidemiology and end results program

Abstract Surgery is not used as a criterion for staging prostate cancer, although there is evidence that the number of analyzed and affected lymph nodes have prognosis value. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are significant differences in staging criteria in patients who underwent prostatectomy compared to those who did not, and whether the number of affected and analyzed lymph nodes (LN) plays a prognostic role. In this retrospective study, a test cohort consisting of 404,210 newly diagnosed men with prostate cancer, between 2004 and 2010, was obtained from the 17 registries (Nov 2021 submission); a validation consisting of 147,719 newly diagnosed men with prostate cancer between 2004 and 2019 was obtained from the 8 registries (Nov 2021 submission). Prostate cancer-specific survival was analyzed by Kaplan–Meier curves, survival tables and Cox regression; overall survival was analyzed only to compare Harrell's C-index between different staging criteria. In initial analyses, it was observed that the prognostic value of lymph node metastasis changes according to the type of staging (clinical or pathological), which is linked to the surgical approach (prostatectomy). Compared with T4/N0/M0 patients, which are also classified as stage IVA, N1/M0 patients had a shorter [adjusted HR: 1.767 (1429–2184), p  2 + LNs). This new (pathological) classification of N allowed the reclassification of patients based on T and Gleason grade groups, mainly those with T3 and T4 disease. In the validation group, this new staging criterion was proven to be superior [specific survival C-index: 0.908 (0.906–0.911); overall survival C-index: 0.788 (0.786–0.791)] compared to that currently used by the AJCC [8th edition; specific survival C-index: 0.892 (0.889–0.895); overall survival C-index: 0.744 (0.741–0.747)]. In addition, an adequate number of dissected lymph nodes results in a 39% reduction in death risk [adjusted HR: 0.610 (0.498–0.747), p < 0.0005]. As main conclusion, the surgery has a major impact on prostate cancer staging, mainly modifying the effect of N on survival, and enabling the stratification of pathological N according to the number of affected LN. Such a factor, when considered as staging criteria, improves the prognosis classification

Prevalence of trachoma in schoolchildren in Brazil

Brazilian Public Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde – SUS)University of São Paulo. São, SP, Brazil.Ministry of Health. Control Program. Brasília, DF, Brazil.São Paulo State Health Secretariat. Epidemiology Surveillance Center. Sanitary Ophthalmology Center. São, SP, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.University of São Paulo. Public Health School. São Paulo, SP, Brazil.Purpose: Trachoma was hyperendemic in Brazil until the 20th century. The prevalence has declined sharply in the past decades. The aim of this study was to estimate trachoma prevalence in schoolchildren in Brazilian municipalities with a Human Development Index (HDI) below the national mean. Methods: A cluster random sampling survey on trachoma prevalence was carried out. Brazilian municipalities with HDI below the national mean, within each of the 27 states, were stratified into three strata according to population size. In each stratum, schools were systematically selected to comprise a sample of 2400 schoolchildren, totaling 7200 per state. In each selected school, children enrolled from 1st to 4th grade were examined for trachoma. The simplified trachoma grading system was used. At a meeting held in each school, the study was explained to parents, and verbal consent sought. Results: A total of 185,862 children were enrolled in the selected schools. Of these, 171,973 (92.5%) participated in the study. The overall prevalence of trachomatous inflammation – follicular was 5.0% (95% confidence interval 4.7–5.3%), varying from 1.5% to 9.0% among the states. Prevalence was significantly associated with the sampling stratum (being higher in small municipalities), the zone in which the school was located (higher in rural schools), and with age (higher among younger children). Conclusion: Trachoma is still a public health problem in Brazil, although at a low level of endemicity. As the country advances towards the elimination of blinding trachoma, this survey provides a baseline for evaluation of ongoing and future elimination interventions