Coping strategies among patients in a tertiary hospital: associations with quality of life and mental wellbeing

Background: Coping is essential for adjusting to life's stresses to optimize wellbeing. This study examined associations between coping, quality of life, and psychological wellbeing among adult patients seen in the primary care clinic of the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, we elicited information from 230 subjects that were selected using systematic sampling. Four instruments were administered: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Coping Strategies Inventory – short form (CSI-SF), the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Bref (WHOQOL-Bref) and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Pearson correlation and logistic regression were done using IBM SPSS version 23.0. Results: Most subjects were less than 30 years old (54.3%) and female (53.0%). Problem-focused engagement positively correlated with all QOL domains and associated negatively with depression (p<0.05). Emotion-focused engagement positively correlated with the psychological and environmental domains (p<0.05). Emotion-focused disengagement negatively correlated with the physical, psychological, and social domains and positively correlated with anxiety and depression (p<0.05). Problem-focused disengagement positively correlated with the psychological domain and negatively correlated with depression (p<0.05). In logistic regression, emotion-focused disengagement was the only predictor of psychiatric diagnosis (OR: 1.05, 95%, CI: 1.01-1.09). Conclusion: Coping strategies are linked to life quality and mental wellness. More research is advocated to explore the observed interrelationship further

the impediment and resolution amoung children under five years of age

Abstract Background: Pneumonia is an acute infection with less than twenty one days duration and is characterized by inflammation of bacteria, viruses or fungi in the lungs parenchyma leading to cough or difficult breathing. These may be enhanced by malnutrition, indoor and outdoor air pollution and leaves the children fighting for breath. Their lungs become inflamed and the tiny air sacs, or alveoli inside the lungs becomes filled up with fluid and air. These are usually serious situations that can lead to death if not properly handled. As of 1902, one of the founders of Johns Hopkins Hospital and a pioneer medical teacher called William Osler gave pneumonia a name (Captain of the Men of Death). According to the publish report, Africa has the highest burden of global child mortality. According to the publish report by WHO 2016, 16% of the 5.9 million deaths recorded pneumonia deaths in 2015 were among children under five years of age. Design and method: A qualitative study design with in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were used to explore nurses and pediatricians perception on impediments and resolution in fighting pneumonia among children under five years of age in Nigeria. Findings: Our analyses yielded eleven subcategories which were merged into four main categories. All categories influence in various ways, prevention and the combat against fatal pneumonia among children less than five years old in Nigeria Conclusion: The result from this study highlights a number of contextual issues playing a major role in pneumonia among children under five years of age death rate in Nigeria, which will also need a contextual approach in order to address the

The Prevalence, Pattern, and Predictors of Sleep Disorders Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in a Southern Nigerian City

Background: Sleep disorders are a common and often undiagnosed chronic health problem associated with an increased incidence of metabolic syndrome and pregnancy complications. Aim: The purpose of this study was to find out how common sleep disturbances are among pregnant women in Calabar, as well as their patterns and risk factors. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 360 antenatal attendees in the three major public health facilities in Calabar and 338 completed questionnaires were included in the analysis. Socio-demographic, medical, and obstetrics information were obtained using interviewer-administered questionnaires. Major international sleep classification tools were used to identify the patterns of sleep disturbance. Their weights and heights as well as their blood pressures (BPs) were measured. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23. The predicting factors were extracted using a logistic regression model. Results: The prevalence of sleep disorder was 44.1%. The most common pattern of sleep disorder was insomnia (34.6%). Nineteen (5.6%) of them reported mixed disorders. On logistic analysis, pregnant women with normal BP (odds ratio [OR]: 0.440, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.230–0.843, P = 0.013), normal body mass index (OR: 0.365, 95% CI: 0.133–1.001, P = 0.050) and maternal age 20–30 years, (OR: 0.169, 95% CI: 0.30–0.969, P = 0.046) were significantly less likely to suffer from sleep disorders. Residing in a single a room apartment with family members was an independent social determinant of sleep deprivation (OR: 2.009, 95% CI: 1.003–4.025, P = 0.049). Conclusion: The study suggested that the prevalence of sleep disturbance is high among pregnant women. Counseling on good quality sleep during pregnancy may improve pregnancy outcome by ensuring appropriate weight gain and good BP control