Effects of diabetes family history and exercise training on the expression of adiponectin and leptin and their receptors

The daughters of patients with diabetes have reduced insulin sensitivity index (ISI) scores compared with women with no family history of diabetes, but their ISI increase more in response to exercise training(1). The present study aimed to determine whether differences between these groups in exercise-induced changes in circulating adiponectin and leptin concentrations and expression of their genes and receptors in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), could explain differences in the exercise-induced changes in ISI between women with and without a family history of diabetes

Trellis-Based Equalization for Sparse ISI Channels Revisited

Sparse intersymbol-interference (ISI) channels are encountered in a variety of high-data-rate communication systems. Such channels have a large channel memory length, but only a small number of significant channel coefficients. In this paper, trellis-based equalization of sparse ISI channels is revisited. Due to the large channel memory length, the complexity of maximum-likelihood detection, e.g., by means of the Viterbi algorithm (VA), is normally prohibitive. In the first part of the paper, a unified framework based on factor graphs is presented for complexity reduction without loss of optimality. In this new context, two known reduced-complexity algorithms for sparse ISI channels are recapitulated: The multi-trellis VA (M-VA) and the parallel-trellis VA (P-VA). It is shown that the M-VA, although claimed, does not lead to a reduced computational complexity. The P-VA, on the other hand, leads to a significant complexity reduction, but can only be applied for a certain class of sparse channels. In the second part of the paper, a unified approach is investigated to tackle general sparse channels: It is shown that the use of a linear filter at the receiver renders the application of standard reduced-state trellis-based equalizer algorithms feasible, without significant loss of optimality. Numerical results verify the efficiency of the proposed receiver structure.Comment: To be presented at the 2005 IEEE Int. Symp. Inform. Theory (ISIT 2005), September 4-9, 2005, Adelaide, Australi

Spike-Train Responses of a Pair of Hodgkin-Huxley Neurons with Time-Delayed Couplings

Model calculations have been performed on the spike-train response of a pair of Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) neurons coupled by recurrent excitatory-excitatory couplings with time delay. The coupled, excitable HH neurons are assumed to receive the two kinds of spike-train inputs: the transient input consisting of $M$ impulses for the finite duration ($M$: integer) and the sequential input with the constant interspike interval (ISI). The distribution of the output ISI $T_{\rm o}$ shows a rich of variety depending on the coupling strength and the time delay. The comparison is made between the dependence of the output ISI for the transient inputs and that for the sequential inputs.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figure

On Nagata's Conjecture

Modifying an approach of J. Roe, this paper gives an improved lower bound on the degrees d such that for general points p1,...,pn in P2 and m > 0 there is a plane curve of degree d vanishing at each point pi with multiplicity at least m. In certain cases, for m not too large compared with n, the new bound implies a bound conjectured by Nagata.Comment: 6 page

Complete repair of dystrophic skeletal muscle by mesoangioblasts with enhanced migration ability

none9Tematica Ex SIR: Cellule Staminali Pluripotenti Mesodermiche nella Terapia di Miopatie Primarie. (Classif. Ex SIR:Articoli su riviste ISI ) Erratum in: J Cell Biol. 2006 Aug 14;174(4):605. J Cell Biol. 2006 Oct 23;175(2):361.Galvez BG; Sampaolesi M; Brunelli S; Covarello D; Gavina M; Rossi B; Constantin G; Torrente Y; Cossu G.Galvez, Bg; Sampaolesi, Maurilio; Brunelli, S; Covarello, D; Gavina, M; Rossi, B; Constantin, G; Torrente, Y; Cossu, G

Taxonomic Classification and Suitability Evaluation of Selected Soils of Gboko for Yam and Cassava Production.

This study evaluated soil fertility status of Gboko-South in Gboko Local Government Area and their suitability for cassava and yam production. Auger point investigations were carried out at 100 m intervals along traverses spaced at 100 m apart. Three soil units were identified on the field based on soil colour, structure, textures, surface characteristics and topography. The results showed that the soil units were deep (102 – 141 cm) and well drained except unit I that was poorly drained. The soils were coarse-textured and slightly to moderately acidic in reaction with pH values which ranges from 5.38 – 6.50. They had low organic matter contents ranging from 0.20 to 0.95 % and high base saturation which ranged from 76 to 86 %. The soils were classified as Typic Epiaqualfs/Epigleyic Stagnosols, Arenic Haplustalfs/Eutric Luvisols, and Eutric Haplustept/Eutric Haplic Luvisols. Soils of unit I (Pedon I and II), unit II (Pedon III and IV) and unit III (Pedon V and VI) were evaluated to be moderately suitable for cassava and yam production.Keywords: Soil, Taxonomic classification, Suitability evaluation, Land suitability assessment, Yam and Cassava

Catalytic activation of pre-substrates via dynamic Fragment assembly on Protein templates

Sensitive detection of small molecule fragments binding to defined sites of biomacromolecules is still a considerable challenge. Here we demonstrate that protein-binding fragments are able to induce enzymatic reactions on the protein surface via dynamic fragment ligation. Fragments binding to the S1 pocket of serine proteases containing a nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur nucleophile are found to activate electrophilic pre-substrates through a reversible, covalent ligation reaction. The dynamic ligation reaction positions the pre-substrate molecule at the active site of the protein thereby inducing its enzymatic cleavage. Catalytic activation of pre-substrates is confirmed by fluorescence spectroscopy and by high-performance liquid chromatography. The approach is investigated with 3 pre-substrates and 14 protein-binding fragments and the specific activation and the templating effect exerted by the enzyme is quantified for each protease–fragment–pre- substrate combination. The described approach enables the site-specific identification of protein-binding fragments, the functional characterization of enzymatic sites and the quantitative analysis of protein template-assisted ligation reactions. View full text Subject terms: Chemical sciences Chemical biology Medicinal chemistry At a glance Figures First | 1-4 of 6 | Last View all figures left The concept of pre-substrate activation by protein-binding fragments. Figure 1 Proof-of-concept. Figure 2 Structure of potential pre- substrates 1–3 and S1-binding fragments 4–17. Figure 3 Model for the activation of pre-substrates by nucleophilic protein-binding fragments. Figure 4 Activation of pre-substrate 3. Figure 5 Three-fragment assembly. Figure 6 right Compounds Genes and Proteins References Abstract• References• Author information• Supplementary information Rees, D. C., Congreve, M., Murray, C. W. & Carr, R. Fragment-based lead discovery. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 3, 660–672 (2004). 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CAS ISI Article Download references Author information Abstract• References• Author information• Supplementary information Affiliations Institute of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Brüderstraße 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany Edyta Burda & Jörg Rademann Institute of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany Jörg Rademann Contributions J.R. and E.B. conceived and designed the experiments, E.B. performed the experiments. Both authors discussed the results and co-wrote the manuscript. Competing financial interests The authors declare no competing financial interests. Corresponding author Correspondence to: Jörg Rademann Supplementary information Abstract• References• Author information• Supplementary information PDF files Supplementary Information (915 KB) Supplementary Figures 1-11, Supplementary Methods and Supplementary References. Additional data 3-Oxo-(N-(4-methyl-2-oxo-2H- chromen-7-yl)-propanoylamide N-(4-Methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl)-acrylamide 3-((2-Aminoethyl)thio)-N-(4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl)propanamide npj Genomic Medicine - Open for Submissions Science jobs Science events NatureEvents Directory The 1st Annual Translational Microbiome Conference 14 May 2015 — 15 May 2015 Boston, MA, United States rTMS for depression, OCD and new developments: 2-day rTMS course 19 November 2015 — 20 November 2015 Bijleveldsingel 34, Nijmegen, Netherlands Human Health in the Face of Climate Change: Science, Medicine, and Adaptation 14 May 2015 — 15 May 2015 Carrer d' Isaac Newton, 26, Barcelona, Spain Post a free event More science events Discover more LIF negatively regulates tumour-suppressor p53 through Stat3/ID1/MDM2 in colorectal cancers Nature Communications 17 Oct 2014 Interlocked loops trigger lineage specification and stable fates in the Drosophila nervous system Nature Communications 28 Jul 2014 O-GlcNAc- modification of SNAP-29 regulates autophagosome maturation Nature Cell Biology 24 Nov 2014 Most read Nature.com Open innovation Pavillion Intravenous Sustained Release Drug Delivery Technology Deadline: Mar 21 2015 Reward: $30,000 USD Intravenous delivery allows for the rapid distribution of injected drugs from the veins throughout the entire body. Oftentim… Wireless Internet Connectivity for Field Applications Deadline: Apr 05 2015 Reward:$20,000 USD Data collection in outdoor field studies is problematic and inefficient without a reliable wireless internet connection. The… Powered by:innocentive Sensitive detection of small molecule fragments binding to defined sites of biomacromolecules is still a considerable challenge. Here we demonstrate that protein-binding fragments are able to induce enzymatic reactions on the protein surface via dynamic fragment ligation. Fragments binding to the S1 pocket of serine proteases containing a nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur nucleophile are found to activate electrophilic pre-substrates through a reversible, covalent ligation reaction. The dynamic ligation reaction positions the pre-substrate molecule at the active site of the protein thereby inducing its enzymatic cleavage. Catalytic activation of pre-substrates is confirmed by fluorescence spectroscopy and by high-performance liquid chromatography. The approach is investigated with 3 pre-substrates and 14 protein-binding fragments and the specific activation and the templating effect exerted by the enzyme is quantified for each protease–fragment–pre- substrate combination. The described approach enables the site-specific identification of protein-binding fragments, the functional characterization of enzymatic sites and the quantitative analysis of protein template-assisted ligation reactions.1\. Auflag