REPORT OF THE PLANNING COMMITTEE FOR THE NORTHEAST EXTENSION SEMINAR ON PUBLIC ISSUES INVOLVING LAND

Land Economics/Use,

PUBLIC AND PRIVATE PROPERTY RIGHTS

Land Economics/Use,

The Association Between Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Reactivation and Alzheimer’s Disease

This review will focus on the interaction of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and its causative role in pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) noting specifically, the epidemiological relevance of addressing this problem, as well as the molecular pathways associated. HSV-1 reactivation tends to be one of the primary causative events that is responsible for many of the pathologies associated with AD, such as: amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation caused by malfunctioning cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) as well as tau hyperphosphorylation. HSV-1 reactivation is a primary causative event in downstream dysfunction and is also shown to be directed by the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) stress pathway; however, the glycogen synthase kinase type-3 (GSK-3) pathway is most important for Aβ accumulation and is also associated with tau hyperphosphorylation: the two proteins responsible for AD. The purpose of discussing these molecular pathways associated with the connection between HSV-1 and AD is to prove that proactive treatment is a necessity, while also advocating for a more detailed understanding of the causative affects of HSV-1 on AD. This review is important to increase awareness of the association between this highly prevalent virus and an extremely debilitating disease, with the goal of increased understanding and treatment for both HSV-1 and Alzheimer’s disease

The Importance of Cultural Knowledge in Counterinsurgency

This thesis discusses the importance and usefulness of cultural knowledge in counterinsurgency. When combatting insurgent groups, it can be difficult to identify insurgents and utilize conventional warfare. Insurgents use various tactics and strategies to promote their goals while living among the local population. These aspects require intervening countries and counterinsurgency to take the varying strategies into consideration when making their military decisions. The most important aspect needed for these counterinsurgency operations is cultural knowledge. Having an understanding of the intervening population and its dynamics with the insurgent group can be proven to be very beneficial. Specifically, in the cases of the US, their counterinsurgency tactics have varied across cases. This thesis will observe three cases of US intervention: Vietnam, Afghanistan, and Iraq. These cases show the need for cultural knowledge. The cases of Vietnam and Afghanistan have little utilization of cultural knowledge, and this can be a main explanation to why these wars ended with shortcomings and loss. It can be argued that cultural knowledge could have improved the US’s position in these interventions. Iraq shows that a switch to a population based military strategy that incorporated cultural knowledge can be successful. This paper argues the importance of cultural knowledge in the cases of counterinsurgency and intervention and how it could have influenced and changed the outcome of three US interventions. This thesis will present the significance of cultural knowledge in these specific three cases as well as counterinsurgency as a whole

On the Preservation of Principles: Determining the Adequacy of Historic Preservation Theories, Charters, and Guidelines for the Philadelphia Police Headquarters

Mid-twentieth-century architecture imposes unprecedented challenges onto the field of historic preservation. These problems are placing a strain on the theories, charters, and guidelines developed over the years to guide preservation efforts. As a result, there are collective calls for a reevaluation of the field’s principles. However, an in-depth understanding of why traditional preservation methodologies warrant retooling is missing from this overarching conversation. This thesis analyzes a select number of longstanding preservation doctrines to determine whether or not they are adequate for preserving post-war architecture. In order to assess the field’s traditional theories, charters, and guidelines, this thesis uses the Philadelphia Police Headquarters, also known as the Roundhouse, as a case study. This building presents a range of problems that similarly affect other mid-century buildings. Throughout the evaluation, each doctrine proved to be insufficient for resolving the challenges hindering the Roundhouse’s preservation. In response to these findings, this thesis offers a new methodology to help guide preservation efforts of post-war architecture, with flexibility as a fundamental attribute

Importance of including proper education on homework for pre-service educators

Homework is a tool that has the power to reap beneficial or negative effects. The variations of these effects stem from the techniques and homework content that teachers employ. This senior capstone examines the educational knowledge that pre-service educators attain on homework techniques and the effects while preparing to become educators. Through review of syllabi at the undergraduate, post-baccalaureate, and credential levels at a university, the senior capstone research finding will reveal the knowledge of proper homework assignment and distribution and their training in preparation to become future teachers. This senior capstone research project discloses what is and what is not taught at the levels where pre-service teachers have been trained leading up to becoming teachers. This shed some light in strengthening the curriculum for future pre-service educators. The finding of this research may bridge the gap between the beneficial and negative effects of homework for students

Interpersonal conflict in the workplace: the role of self-awareness in constructive versus destructive approaches to conflict

Interpersonal conflict in the workplace is costly to employees, teams, and businesses. This study investigated the role of self-awareness in the effective handling of conflict and the efficacy of self-development training in raising self-awareness and conflict effectiveness. This mixed methods study utilized quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews. Subjects reported their self-awareness and their conflict effectiveness via two self-assessment surveys. This study found a strong correlation between self-development training and conflict effectiveness, as well as a correlation between understanding the subjective construal of meaning and an ability to use that self-awareness during an interpersonal conflict at work. Given the enormous costs to businesses and individuals of interpersonal conflict at work, it would be advantageous to continue to research how the field of OD can contribute to mitigating these costs through effective personal-development training programs

The effects of anoxic conditions on thermal tolerance and stress protein levels in four local bivalves

Areas of oxygen depletion in the world\u27s oceans have been on the rise, with the main culprits being anthropogenic causes such as eutrophication and pollution. Coastal marine areas, such as estuaries, are some of the more impacted ecosystems and they have been the focus of recent studies. This study focused on the effects of anoxia and the interactions it has with thermal tolerance in four local intertidal bivalves: Nuttallia obscurata, Venerupis phillipinarum, Leukoma staminea, and Mytilus trossulus. Nuttallia obscurata is a recent invader on which little physiological research has been conducted. Both V. phillipinarum and L. staminea are commercially important to local fisheries. Finally, M. trossulus is a native mussel commonly found in varying parts of the intertidal zone. The bivalves had anoxic conditions induced by using rubber bands to keep them shut. After a period of four days, they were tested for thermal tolerance by placing gill strips from the organism into one of three temperature treatments that varied per species. The gill tissue was evaluated for time to death. Gill tissue was also collected before the thermal tolerance experiment to examine stress protein levels using a Western blot analysis. Increasing temperature caused a decrease in survival time of gill tissue of all four species. However, there were no significant differences in temperature tolerance between the anoxic and control individuals in the bivalves. Levels of constitutive hsp70 were only found in Mytilus trossulus, with no difference in hsp70 expression between the control samples and those that experienced a period of anoxia. Thus, there was no evidence of either synergistic or antagonistic effects between the two stressors, anoxia and temperature, in this study. Bivalves are known to have excellent tolerance of anoxia because of their ability to decrease metabolic demands and utilize anaerobic pathways to produce needed energy