167 research outputs found
Asymptotic properties of Dedekind zeta functions in families of number fields
The main goal of this paper is to prove a formula that expresses the limit
behaviour of Dedekind zeta functions for in families of number
fields, assuming that the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis holds. This result can
be viewed as a generalization of the Brauer--Siegel theorem. As an application
we obtain a limit formula for Euler--Kronecker constants in families of number
fields
THE CONCEPT AND MEANING OF THE QUALIFICATION OF ADMINISTRATIVE OFFENCES
In this article, the author focuses attention on problematic problems of qualification of administrative crimes. The author also pays attention to the requirement of improvement of methods of qualification of administrative crimes. Article is relevant as the choice of a measure of punishment depends on qualification of administrative crime. The correct qualification does possible release from administrative responsibility, depends on it. Thus, the mistake in qualification of crime can entail the wrong decision on case of administrative crime. Such error noticed by superior court involves change or cancellation of the resolution. The novelty of a subject is explained with the aspect chosen by the author
Uniform distribution of zeroes of -functions of modular forms
We prove under GRH that zeros of -functions of modular forms of level
and weight become uniformly distributed on the critical line when
$N+k\to\infty.
On the Number of Rational Points of Jacobians over Finite Fields
In this article we prove lower and upper bounds for class numbers of
algebraic curves defined over finite fields. These bounds turn out to be better
than most of the previously known bounds obtained using combinatorics. The
methods used in the proof are essentially those from the explicit asymptotic
theory of global fields. We thus provide a concrete application of effective
results from the asymptotic theory of global fields and their zeta-functions
Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π²Π° Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²
Background. The presence of extensive bone defects significantly complicates the possibility of stable fixation and correct spatial positioning of the revision endoprosthesis components. The primary task of revision surgery is to restore the lost bone. The use of modern implants makes it possible to replace large metaphyseal defects of the tibia and femur, including AORI type 2B ΠΈ 3 bone defects.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the long-term results of surgical treatment of patients with extensive bone defects (2B and 3 according to AORI) of the proximal tibia and/or distal femur using custom-made implants for revision knee arthroplasty.
Methods. A retrospective clinical study was performed in 24 patients who underwent revision arthroplasty using individual implants (9 femoral and 18 tibial) made on a 3D printer in the period from 2017 to 2021. T3 defect according to AORI classification was diagnosed in 12 patients (50%), F3 defect in 1 (4.17%), F2B in 8 (33.3%), T2B in 6 (25%). All patients before surgery and 3, 6, 12 months after surgery were surveyed according to the international scales VAS, KSS, WOMAC and SF-36.
Results. At the follow-up examination 12 months after the surgery, 9 out of 24 patients (37.510%) walked without additional means of support, 10 out of 24 (41.710%) with a cane, 4 out of 24 (16,78%), walkers 1 out of 24 (4.210%). There were no periprosthetic fractures during surgery and in the postoperative period. When evaluating the functional state of the knee joint, an excellent result was registered in 45.810% and 33.310%; good in 37.510% and 54.210%; satisfactory in 16.678% and 12.57% according to the KSS and WOMAC scales, respectively. When assessed on the VAS scale, there was a positive trend in the form of statistically significant decrease in pain in all patients (p0.01).
Conclusion. The use of individual implants made using additive 3D printing technologies in revision knee arthroplasty in the presence of extensive bone defects (2B and 3 according to AORI) allows to perform an organ-preserving surgery without loss of the statodynamic function of the lower limb. This study has limitations due to the small sample size. We believe that it is promising to study the long-term results of surgical treatment of patients with extensive bone defects (2B and 3 AORI) of the proximal tibia and /or distal femur using individually manufactured implants for revision knee replacement and a comparative analysis of these results with those using conventional implants.ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ. ΠΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Π°. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ AORI-ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° 2B ΠΈ 3.
Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ (2B ΠΈ 3 ΠΏΠΎ AORI) ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ/ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π° Π±Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π²Π°.
ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 24 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Ρ 2017 ΠΏΠΎ 2021 Π³. Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² (9 Π±Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ 18 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
), ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π° 3D-ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° T3 ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ AORI Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Ρ 12 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
(50%), T2B Ρ 6 (25%), Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ F3 Ρ 1 (4,17%), F2B Ρ 8 (33,3%). ΠΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· 3, 6, 12 ΠΌΠ΅Ρ. ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ Π°Π½ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΊΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌ VAS, KSS, WOMAC ΠΈ SF-36.
Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· 12 ΠΌΠ΅Ρ. ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±Π΅Π· Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ 9 ΠΈΠ· 24 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² (37,5%), Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ 10 ΠΈΠ· 24 (41,7%), ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠ»Π΅ΠΉ 4 ΠΈΠ· 24 (16,7%), Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ² 1 ΠΈΠ· 24 (4,2%). ΠΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π±ΡΠ» Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Ρ 45,8% ΠΈ 33,3%; Ρ
ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ Ρ 37,5% ΠΈ 54,2%; ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Ρ 16,67% ΠΈ 12,5% ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌ KSS ΠΈ WOMAC ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π»Π΅ VAS ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ° Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
(Ρ0,01).
ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π£ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ SF-36, KSS, WOMAC ΠΈ VAS. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ 23 ΠΈΠ· 24 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Π°. Π£ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³Π½ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π°Π΄Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ 3D-ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈ, Π² ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ (2B ΠΈ 3 ΠΏΠΎ AORI) ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
βFollowing a Simplified Schemeβ: Project Development and Launch of Production at the Solikamsk Sulphite Pulp Mill
During theΒ years ofΒ implementation ofΒ theΒ first Soviet five-year plans, great attention was paid toΒ theΒ pulp and paper industry. InΒ theΒ forest industry structure, this component was characterised by aΒ weak level ofΒ development. TheΒ bet was made onΒ theΒ creation ofΒ medium and large pulp and paper industries. InΒ theΒ Urals, where there were large reserves ofΒ forest resources and rivers, they built several plants. TheΒ largest centre ofΒ theΒ pulp and paper industry inΒ theΒ Urals and inΒ theΒ eastern regions ofΒ theΒ USSR was formed. TheΒ purpose ofΒ this article is toΒ study theΒ location, design, and launch ofΒ production ofΒ theΒ Solikamsk Sulphite Pulp Mill. InΒ theΒ mid-1930s, it was decided toΒ build anΒ enterprise. TheΒ project involved innovative technological solutions for theΒ pulp and paper industry. TheΒ launch ofΒ theΒ plant was postponed several times, theΒ project was altered, and theΒ construction was entrusted from theΒ Peopleβs Commissariat ofΒ Forest Industry ofΒ theΒ USSR toΒ theΒ Peopleβs Commissariat ofΒ Internal Affairs ofΒ theΒ USSR. InΒ 1940, theΒ Solikamsk Sulphite Pulp Mill became anΒ independent enterprise, but its construction continued.
In March 1941, three months before theΒ outbreak ofΒ theΒ Great Patriotic War, theΒ company began theΒ production ofΒ pulp. TheΒ production was only possible within aΒ simplified scheme due toΒ theΒ absence or malfunction ofΒ equipment. TheΒ performance ofΒ theΒ enterprise was set inΒ insignificant volumes. With theΒ outbreak ofΒ war, party-state bodies and economic departments continued theΒ construction ofΒ theΒ Solikamsk Sulphite Pulp Mill and providing additional equipment. TheΒ companyβs development was boosted by theΒ evacuation ofΒ several industries, theΒ start ofΒ theΒ sulphite waste liquor alcohol plant and theΒ construction ofΒ aΒ defense plant nearby. This allowed theΒ plant toΒ develop cooperative ties and master new types ofΒ products
ΠΡΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π²Π° Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ (ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ)
Acetabular defects are a major obstacle to achieving good outcomes after revision hip arthroplasty. One way to deal with this problem is to use acetabular augments. We aimed to describe mid-term outcomes of revision hip arthroplasty using acetabular augments.Materials and methods. We analyzed 85 cases (83 patients) of revision hip arthroplasty using acetabular augments performed during 2012-2018 period: 53 women and 30 men with average age of 57Β±13 years (25-79). Distribution of acetabular defects was: 51 cases β Paprosky IIIA, 17 cases β Paprosky IIIB, 12 cases β Paprosky IIB, 5 cases β Paprosky IIC. 14 patients had chronic pelvic discontinuity. Aseptic loosening was indication for the operation in 83 cases, periprosthetic hip fracture β 1, dislocation β 1. The amount of previously undregone ipsilateral hipsurgeries was 1 in 35 cases, 2 in 25 cases, 3 and more in 25 cases. Average follow-up period was 38Β±19 months (1-79).Results. The average HHS score improved from 37Β±7 preoperatively to 73Β±9 after 3 months and to 80Β±11 after 12 months postoperatively (p = 0.001). Average VAS score improved from 7Β±2 preoperatively to 4Β±1 after 3 months and to 3Β±1 after 12 months postoperatively (p = 0.001). Stable acetabular fixation was achieved in each case according to X-ray findings at final follow-up. However, radiolucent lines were present around the cup in 10 cases (11.8 %) followed by no clinical evidence of aseptic loosening. Hip center of rotation was restored from 26.40Β±18.38 mm (4-75) preoperatively to 4.78Β±5.02 mm (0-20) postoperatively relatively to 0 point. Complications manifested in 9 out of 85 cases (10,6%). Distribution of complications was: periprosthetic joint infection in 6 cases, recurrent dislocation β 2, periprosthetic hip fracture β 1.7 patients required implant removal and exchange.Conclusions. Good mid-term outcomes can be achieved using acetabular augments during hip revision surgery in setting of acetabular defects. Acetabular augments are a reliable option in case of Paprosky IIIB, IIIA defects and chronic pelvic discontinuity, providing good mechanical stability.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ β ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ, Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π²Π°, Π½Π° Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ².ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π±ΡΠ» Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ· Π±Π°Π· Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
PubMed, EBSCO, Cochrane, WanFang ΠΈ CNKI (ΠΠΈΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ). Π ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ 24 ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡ
Π²Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ 156 914 ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ
46 782 ΡΡΡΠ°Π΄Π°Π»ΠΎ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ Revman 5.3.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π£ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΠΠ’30 ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΠΠ’: WMD = -5,14 (95% ΠΠ -8,13 ... -2,14) (ΠΌΠΈΠ½), Ρ0,001. Π§Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° Π²ΡΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° RR = 0,07 (95% ΠΠ = 0,59-0,84) Ρ0,001, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ RR = 0, 56 (95% ΠΠ 0,50-0,62) (p0, 001) ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ WMD = -181,39 (95% ΠΠ = -293,26 ... -69,52) (ΠΌΠ»), p = 0,001. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π»Ρ Π₯Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· 5 Π»Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΠ’; WMD = 2,85 (95% ΠΠ 1,04-4,66), p = 0,002. Π‘ΡΠΎΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅, Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° WMD = 0,30, (95% ΠΠ 0,34-0,95) (Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ), p = 0,36.ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ·Π±ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Π°, ΡΡΠΎ, Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅, ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π° ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΠΠ’ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
Π²ΡΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ², ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΎΠ³Π΅, ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π²Π°
ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ
Null values have become an urgent problem since the creation of the relational dataΒ model. The impact of the uncertainty aο¬ects all types of dependencies used in the design and operationΒ of the database. This fully applies to the inclusion dependencies, which are the theoretical basis forΒ referential integrity on the data. Attempts to solve this problem contain inaccuracy in the statementΒ of the problem and its solution. The errors in formulation of the problem can be associated with theΒ use in the deο¬nition of untyped inclusion dependencies, which leads to permutations of the attributes,Β although, the attributes in database technology are identiο¬ed by name and not by their place. In addition, linking with the use of the inclusion dependencies of heterogeneous attributes, even of the same type, is a sign of lost functional dependencies and leads to interaction of inclusion dependencies and non-trivial functional dependencies. Inaccuracies in the solution of the problem are contained in the statements of axioms and the proof of their properties, including completeness. In this paper we propose an original solution of this problem only for typed inclusion dependencies in the presence of Null values: a new axiom system is proposed, its completeness and soundness are proved. On the basis of inference rules we developed an algorithm for the construction of a not surplus set of typed inclusion dependencies. The correctness of the algorithm is proved.ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
. ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ
Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ,Β ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±Π°Π·Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
. Π ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΈΒ ΠΊ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΠΌ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π°Β Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Ρ Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ,Β ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΌ Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ. Π ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ±ΡΡΠΎΠ², Ρ
ΠΎΡΡ Π²Β ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΡ
Π±Π°Π· Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ±ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ,Β ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
, ΠΏΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ½ΡΡ
, Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ±ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΒ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΡΒ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π΄ΡΡΠ³ Ρ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΌ, Π° Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ±ΡΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΈΡ
Β ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ², Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ. Π ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ:Β ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠΌ, Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ» Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΒ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΠ°
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