Rapid-response, light-exposure control system

Rapid-response electro-optical, light exposure control system, will maintain the light reaching a camera film or other light-sensitive detector at essentially constant level, despite wide variations in the brightness of the light source. The system permits detailed photographic or photoelectric recording of the phenomenon over a range of brightnesses

A search for chemical laser action in low pressure metal vapor flames

Optical emissions were studied from low pressure (approximately 1 torr) dilute diffusion flames of Ca and Mg vapor with O2, N2O and mixtures of CCl4 and O2. The Ca flames with O2 and N2O revealed high vibrational excitation of the product CaO molecule (up to v=30). The flames with CCl4 revealed extreme nonequilibrium metal atom electronic excitation, up to the metal atom ionization limit (6.1 eV for Ca, 7.6 eV for Mg). The metal atom excited electronic state populations did not follow a Boltzmann distribution, but the excitation rates ('pumping rate') were found to obey an Arrhenius-type expression, with the electronic excitation energy playing the role of activation energy and a temperature of about 5000 K for triplet excited states and 2500 K for singlets (vs. approximately 500 K translational temperature)

Nasal Bone Fractures: Differences Amongst Sub-Specialty Consultants

BACKGROUND: Nasal fractures constitute the largest proportion of facial trauma each year, however, there is no consensus management. In this study, we investingated the role of the consultant and the functional and aesthetic outcomes of procedures performed to address nasal bone fractures. METHODS: A retrospective chart review of patients who sustained nasal bone fractures was conducted from 8/1/14 through 1/23/18. Categorical variables were analyzed using chi-squared testing and Fisher\u27s exact test, where appropriate, while continuous variables were compared using Mann-Whitney U testing. RESULTS: During the study period, 136 patients met inclusion criteria for full analysis. The mean age of this cohort was 47.6 ± 20.2 years with the majority identifying as African-American (53.7%) and male (67.2%). Otolaryngologists were significantly more likely to assess pre-operative nasal obstruction (100%) compared to plastic surgeons (24.1%) ( CONCLUSIONS: Consultants across subspecialties differ in the management of nasal bone trauma. A more standardized approach is warranted by all individuals involved in the care of maxillofacial trauma patients

BCOR-Rearranged Sarcoma of the Tonsil.

A tonsillar mass in a young patient with no medical issues routinely presents as an infectious process. Practitioners must maintain a broad differential if diagnostic testing does not support an infection. Neoplasm must be excluded. Otolaryngologists must consider malignancies other than squamous cell carcinoma, the most common oropharyngeal malignancy, and lymphoma. Rare tumors, such as sarcomas, must also be considered. Otolaryngologists must be familiar with the proper management of rare oropharyngeal malignancies

Wholegrain fermentation affects gut microbiota composition, phenolic acid metabolism and pancreatic beta cell function in a rodent model of type 2 diabetes

The intestinal microbiota plays an important role in host metabolism via production of dietary metabolites. Microbiota imbalances are linked to type 2 diabetes (T2D), but dietary modification of the microbiota may promote glycemic control. Using a rodent model of T2D and an in vitro gut model system, this study investigated whether differences in gut microbiota between control mice and mice fed a high-fat, high-fructose (HFHFr) diet influenced the production of phenolic acid metabolites following fermentation of wholegrain (WW) and control wheat (CW). In addition, the study assessed whether changes in metabolite profiles affected pancreatic beta cell function. Fecal samples from control or HFHFr-fed mice were fermented in vitro with 0.1% (w/v) WW or CW for 0, 6, and 24 h. Microbiota composition was determined by bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing and phenolic acid (PA) profiles by UPLC-MS/MS. Cell viability, apoptosis and insulin release from pancreatic MIN6 beta cells and primary mouse islets were assessed in response to fermentation supernatants and selected PAs. HFHFr mice exhibited an overall dysbiotic microbiota with an increase in abundance of proteobacterial taxa (particularly Oxalobacteraceae) and Lachnospiraceae, and a decrease in Lactobacillus. A trend toward restoration of diversity and compositional reorganization was observed following WW fermentation at 6 h, although after 24 h, the HFHFr microbiota was monodominated by Cupriavidus. In parallel, the PA profile was significantly altered in the HFHFr group compared to controls with decreased levels of 3-OH-benzoic acid, 4-OH-benzoic acid, isoferulic acid and ferulic acid at 6 h of WW fermentation. In pancreatic beta cells, exposure to pre-fermentation supernatants led to inhibition of insulin release, which was reversed over fermentation time. We conclude that HFHFr mice as a model of T2D are characterized by a dysbiotic microbiota, which is modulated by the in vitro fermentation of WW. The differences in microbiota composition have implications for PA profile dynamics and for the secretory capacity of pancreatic beta cells

Shedding Light on Vampires: The Phylogeny of Vampyrellid Amoebae Revisited

With the advent of molecular phylogenetic techniques the polyphyly of naked filose amoebae has been proven. They are interspersed in several supergroups of eukaryotes and most of them already found their place within the tree of life. Although the ‘vampire amoebae’ have attracted interest since the middle of the 19th century, the phylogenetic position and even the monophyly of this traditional group are still uncertain. In this study clonal co-cultures of eight algivorous vampyrellid amoebae and the respective food algae were established. Culture material was characterized morphologically and a molecular phylogeny was inferred using SSU rDNA sequence comparisons. We found that the limnetic, algivorous vampyrellid amoebae investigated in this study belong to a major clade within the Endomyxa Cavalier-Smith, 2002 (Cercozoa), grouping together with a few soil-dwelling taxa. They split into two robust clades, one containing species of the genus Vampyrella Cienkowski, 1865, the other containing the genus Leptophrys Hertwig & Lesser, 1874, together with terrestrial members. Supported by morphological data these clades are designated as the two families Vampyrellidae Zopf, 1885, and Leptophryidae fam. nov. Furthermore the order Vampyrellida West, 1901 was revised and now corresponds to the major vampyrellid clade within the Endomyxa, comprising the Vampyrellidae and Leptophryidae as well as several environmental sequences. In the light of the presented phylogenetic analyses morphological and ecological aspects, the feeding strategy and nutritional specialization within the vampyrellid amoebae are discussed

This text matters: Students\u27 experiences with independent reading

This study examined the engagements with and the impacts from the intersection of students and texts. Stemming from ethnographic methodology, I implemented a 10-month case study based in a sixth-grade classroom in an urban school with 24 participants. I approached this work with a sociocultural perspective on literacy, which stands in contrast to the deficit ideology often employed in discussion of the literacy of adolescent from low-income, urban areas. Data sources included fieldnotes, recordings, transcripts, and documents. The need for this work came from a lack of research on adolescent literacies broadly, and more specifically on young adolescent experiences with texts that they select. This research offers insight into students’ experiences with texts and how they see themselves as literate individuals. All of the students had complex reading identities that warranted examination in terms of their experiences with texts, their history with school-based literacy practices, and their own perceptions about reading. There were important concepts that this research found. First, the role of familiarity with texts is important for students as readers. Second, it is important for educators to ask students directly about their experiences with texts and literacy broadly. Third, not only are certain literacy practices such as selecting books and comprehending texts conceptualized differently by teachers and students, but these different perspectives have consequences for students in school. This research examines and reimagines the ways in which adolescent literacy is conceptualized in schools as a way to end practices that marginalize certain readers

Citizens and Soldiers, the defence of South Australia, 1836-1901

Thesis (M.A.) -- University of Adelaide, Dept. of History, 197

This text matters: Students\u27 experiences with independent reading

This study examined the engagements with and the impacts from the intersection of students and texts. Stemming from ethnographic methodology, I implemented a 10-month case study based in a sixth-grade classroom in an urban school with 24 participants. I approached this work with a sociocultural perspective on literacy, which stands in contrast to the deficit ideology often employed in discussion of the literacy of adolescent from low-income, urban areas. Data sources included fieldnotes, recordings, transcripts, and documents. The need for this work came from a lack of research on adolescent literacies broadly, and more specifically on young adolescent experiences with texts that they select. This research offers insight into students’ experiences with texts and how they see themselves as literate individuals. All of the students had complex reading identities that warranted examination in terms of their experiences with texts, their history with school-based literacy practices, and their own perceptions about reading. There were important concepts that this research found. First, the role of familiarity with texts is important for students as readers. Second, it is important for educators to ask students directly about their experiences with texts and literacy broadly. Third, not only are certain literacy practices such as selecting books and comprehending texts conceptualized differently by teachers and students, but these different perspectives have consequences for students in school. This research examines and reimagines the ways in which adolescent literacy is conceptualized in schools as a way to end practices that marginalize certain readers