Pemberdayaan Pertanian Terpadu Bermodal Limbah Ladang, Dapur dan Kandang Berbasis Koperasi di Desa Cibitung Tengah, Bogor

Farming in Cibitung Tengah Village, Tenjolaya Subdistrict, Bogor District, West Jawa is characterized by vegetables and sheep farming. Several problems in farming are the use of chemical fertilizers, management of agriculture and domestic wastes properly; even some people disposing of garbage in the river and also, the institutional Farmer Group Association (Gapoktan) and Female Farmer Group (KWT) are not functioning optimally. The use of an integrated farming system can increase land and livestock productivities and reduce the volume of agriculture and domestic wastes all at once. This community empowerment activity aimed to increase the people's knowledge and skill of Cibitung Tengah Village in terms of processing agricultural and domestic wastes. Thus it will overcome the garbage and overuse of chemical fertilizer problems. The discussions and outreach activities were done by a door-to-door approach, especially for people who have not been actively involved in Gapoktan and KWT. This research was carried out with several educational activities such as counseling on community waste management systems, training on organic waste processing, Black Soldier Fly (BSF) training, processing organic waste with BSF technology, making silage as goat feed, and making branding of agricultural products. This empowerment program produced new products or processed products. The products will increase the income for the people of Cibitung Tengah, such as maggot processing products, CS-Fresh products, results from waste banks, and handicraft products from waste

Real-world experience of nintedanib for progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease in the UK

Background Nintedanib slows progression of lung function decline in patients with progressive fibrosing (PF) interstitial lung disease (ILD) and was recommended for this indication within the United Kingdom (UK) National Health Service in Scotland in June 2021 and in England, Wales and Northern Ireland in November 2021. To date, there has been no national evaluation of the use of nintedanib for PF-ILD in a real-world setting.Methods 26 UK centres were invited to take part in a national service evaluation between 17 November 2021 and 30 September 2022. Summary data regarding underlying diagnosis, pulmonary function tests, diagnostic criteria, radiological appearance, concurrent immunosuppressive therapy and drug tolerability were collected via electronic survey.Results 24 UK prescribing centres responded to the service evaluation invitation. Between 17 November 2021 and 30 September 2022, 1120 patients received a multidisciplinary team recommendation to commence nintedanib for PF-ILD. The most common underlying diagnoses were hypersensitivity pneumonitis (298 out of 1120, 26.6%), connective tissue disease associated ILD (197 out of 1120, 17.6%), rheumatoid arthritis associated ILD (180 out of 1120, 16.0%), idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (125 out of 1120, 11.1%) and unclassifiable ILD (100 out of 1120, 8.9%). Of these, 54.4% (609 out of 1120) were receiving concomitant corticosteroids, 355 (31.7%) out of 1120 were receiving concomitant mycophenolate mofetil and 340 (30.3%) out of 1120 were receiving another immunosuppressive/modulatory therapy. Radiological progression of ILD combined with worsening respiratory symptoms was the most common reason for the diagnosis of PF-ILD.Conclusion We have demonstrated the use of nintedanib for the treatment of PF-ILD across a broad range of underlying conditions. Nintedanib is frequently co-prescribed alongside immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory therapy. The use of nintedanib for the treatment of PF-ILD has demonstrated acceptable tolerability in a real-world setting

Studies of Electron Acceleration Mechanisms in Relativistic Laser-Plasma Interactions

Laser-plasma interactions have many potential applications, such as medical treatments,x-ray generation, particle acceleration and inertial confinement fusion (ICF).In all of these applications, understanding how laser energy is absorbed by the materialand converted into energetic electrons is very important. Therefore it is vitalto enhance the understanding of how these energetic electrons are created and whatmechanisms influence them. This Thesis comprises experimental studies of electron acceleration mechanismsin laser-plasma interactions, as well as simulations relevant to these experiments. The experiments described were conducted at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratoryutilising the VULCAN laser facility, and investigate laser interactions with both underdenseand overdense plasmas. In the underdense regime, the intensity dependence of the accelerated electronshas been studied experimentally, as well as the impact of the focusing geometry onthe generation of hot electrons. For high intensities, experimental measurementsshow a scaling of the temperature of the electrons with a0. Density and f-numberdependencies of the accelerated electrons are also observed. The effect of laser polarisation and target thickness on the escaping electronsis studied for laser interactions with solid targets, or overdense plasmas. It wasfound that the effective temperature of the electrons depends on both the laserpolarisation and the target thickness. The electron production from ultra-thin foils,and the effect of laser pre-pulse are also investigated.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Inhibitors of the Autotaxin-Lysophosphatidic Acid Axis and Their Potential in the Treatment of Interstitial Lung Disease:Current Perspectives

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease for which there is no known cure. Currently available therapeutic options have been shown at best to slow the progression of the disease and thus there remains an urgent unmet need to identify new therapies. In this article, we will discuss the mechanisms of action, pre-clinical and clinical trial data surrounding inhibitors of the autotaxin-lysophosphatidic acid axis, which show promise as emerging novel therapies for fibrotic lung disease.</p

Sequence Diversity of pfmdr1 and Sequence Conserve of pldh in Plasmodium falciparum from Indonesia: Its implications on Designing a Novel Antimalarial Drug with Less Prone to Resistance

Background: pfmdr1 and its variants are molecular marker which are responsible for antibiotics resistance in Plasmodium falciparum, a parasitic carrier for malaria dis-ease. A novel strategy to treat malaria disease is by disrupting parasite lactate dehy-drogenase (pLDH), a crucial enzyme for Plasmodium survival during their erythro-cytic stages. This research was aimed to investigate and characterize the pfmdr1 and pldh genes of P. falciparum isolated from Nusa Tenggara Indonesia. Methods: Genomic DNA of P.falciparum was isolated from malaria patients in Nusa Tenggara Indonesia. pfmdr1 was amplified using nested PCR and genotyped using Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP). pldh was amplified, se-quenced, and analyzed using NCBI public domain databases and alignment using Clustal W ver. 1.83. Results: Genotyping of the pfmdr1 revealed that sequence diversity was extremely high among isolates. However, a sequence analysis of pldh indicated that open read-ing frame of 316 amino acids of the gene showing 100% homology to the P. falcipa-rum 3D7 reference pldh (GeneBank: XM_001349953.1). Conclusion: This is the first report which confirms the heterologous of pfmdr1 and the homologous sequences of P.falciparum pldh isolated from Nusa Tenggara Islands of Indonesia, indicating that the chloroquine could not be used effectively as anti-malarial target in the region and the pLDH-targeted antimalarial compound would have higher chance to be successful than using chloroquine for curbing malaria worldwide

Extraction and Characterization of Cellulose from Yellow Meranti (Shore macrobalanos) Sawdust Waste

Meranti (Shorea macrobalanos) is a typical wood from Kalimantan that is still valued as a raw material of furniture production. According to statistical data, meranti sawdust waste reached 44% and has not been widely used. It is known that meranti has a high lignocellulose content, which are 38.18% of lignin, 26.03% of hemicellulose and 40.33% of cellulose. Due to the high cellulose level, meranti becomes an alternative source of cellulose which can be applied in composites, biomaterials, and membranes. Therefore, this study aims to produce cellulose from yellow meranti sawdust waste using an alkali treatment, NaOH 17.5%, with a variation of extract time of 20, 40, and 60 minutes. Cellulose characterization was performed using the Chesson-Datta method, Fourier-transferred Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The Chesson-Datta test showed that cellulose concentration escalated by increasing process time, which is 45%, 47% and 53% at 20, 40, and 60 minutes respectively. Increased levels of cellulose were followed by decreasing concentrations of lignin and hemicellulose. The FTIR results presented a strengthening of the intensity in the C-O-C functional group which indicated an increase in cellulose levels. Meanwhile, a decrease intensity was also revealed in the aromatic C=C and C=O groups, which implied a reduction in the amount of lignin and hemicellulose. Through the SEM, the surfaces were recognizably less dense by increasing extract time. It is because of the degradation of lignin and hemicellulose. Herein, the most optimum yield was achieved in 60 minutes to produce up to 53% of cellulose. Thus, yellow meranti sawdust waste has a high potential source of cellulose.Keywords: yellow meranti, alkali treatment, cellulose Abstrak       Meranti (Shoreamacrobalanos) merupakan kayu khas Kalimantan yang saat ini masih dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan furnitur. Menurut data statistik, limbah serbuk kayu meranti yang dihasilkan mencapai 44% dan belum banyak dimanfaatkan. Telah diketahui bahwa meranti memiliki kandungan lignoselulosa yang cukup tinggi, yaitu 38,18% lignin, 26,03% hemiselulosa, dan 40,33% selulosa. Dengan kandungan selulosa yang tinggi, meranti menjadi salah satu alternative sumber selulosa yang kemudian dapat diaplikasikan di bidang komposit, biomaterial, dan membran. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan selulosa dari limbah serbuk meranti kuning dengan menggunakan metode alkalisasi, NaOH 17,5%, dengan variasi waktu ekstrak selama 20, 40, dan 60 menit. Karakterisasi selulosa dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji Chesson-Datta, fourier-transferred infrared (FTIR), dan scanning electron microscope (SEM). Uji Chesson-Datta menunjukkan semakin lama waktu alkalisasi dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi selulosa, yaitu 45%, 47% dan 53% pada waktu alkalisasi 20, 40, dan 60 menit. Peningkatan kadar selulosa diikuti dengan menurunnya konsentrasi lignin dan hemiselulosa. Hasil FTIR menunjukkan penurunan intensitas pada gugus C=O yang mengindikasikan adanya penurunan jumlah lignin dan hemiselulosa seiring dengan meningkatnya waktu. Hasil morfologi SEM juga menunjukkan permukaan yang semakin tidak rapat seiring dengan meningkatnya waktu alkalisasi. Hal ini diakibatkan terjadi degradasi lignin dan hemiselulosa. Pada penelitian ini, hasil paling optimum dicapai pada waktu 60 menit dengan menghasilkan selulosa hingga 53%. Sehingga, limbah serbuk meranti memiliki potensi sebagai sumber selulosa yang cukup tinggi. Kata kunci:  meranti kuning, alkalisasi, selulos

Sosialisasi Berita Hoax Untuk Mencegah Penyebaran Berita Hoax Di Desa Jatingarang

Perkembangan teknologi informasi telah memunculkan berbagai kemudahan bagi masyakarat. Salah satu bentuk perkembangan tersebut adalah munculnya media online sebagai saluran penyebar informaasi terbesar. Akan tetapi, munculnya media online sebagai saluran informasi juga menimbulkan dampak negatif. Salah satu dampak negatif dari hal tersebut adalah maraknya penyebaran berita hoax di masyarakat melalui media online. Masyarakat pedesaan memiliki potensi lebih rentan menjadi korban berita hoax dikarenakan tingkat literasi digitan masyarakat pedesaan yang lebih rendah dibanding dengan masyarakat perkotaan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan adanya penanaman pemahaman kepada masyarakat Desa Jatingarang melalui sosialisasi agar masyarakat dapat meyikapi suatu informasi dengan baik. Dengan adanya sosialisasi ini, masyarakat Desa Jatingarang menjadi tanggap dalam menyebarkan suatu informasi, memahami cara penggunaan media online yang tepat, dan mampu mengidentifikasi berita hoax sehingga tidak akan menjadi korban penipuan dari berita hoax

Synchrotron Radiation from a Laser Plasma Accelerator in the Bubble Regime

A laser wakefield accelerator is shown to operate in the highly non‐linear bubble regime, following the characteristic scaling of energy gain with density and leading to monoenergetic electron beams with up to 400 MeV and hundreds of pC charge. The bubble acts at the same time as a miniature undulator, causing the electrons to give off a beam of betatron x‐rays with milliradian divergence, μm source size, 1–100 keV photon energy and 1022 ph/mm2/mrad2s/0.1% BW

Synchrotron Radiation from a Laser Plasma Accelerator in the Bubble Regime

A laser wakefield accelerator is shown to operate in the highly non‐linear bubble regime, following the characteristic scaling of energy gain with density and leading to monoenergetic electron beams with up to 400 MeV and hundreds of pC charge. The bubble acts at the same time as a miniature undulator, causing the electrons to give off a beam of betatron x‐rays with milliradian divergence, μm source size, 1–100 keV photon energy and 1022 ph/mm2/mrad2s/0.1% BW