Control measures for Chesapeake Bay jellyfishes, 1 April 1971 - 31 March 1972

Progress on the biological studies of scyphozoan jellyfishes is herein reported. Morphological studies as an aid to identification of Aurelia aurita, Cyanea capillata, Chrysaora quinquecirrha, and Rhopilema verrili are now completed. Further morphological evidence of northern and southern strains of Aultelia aurita based on life history studies is presented. With respect to the strobilation process, nucleic acid and protein ratios are compared before, during, and after this form of asexual reproduction occurs.· An ultrastructural analysis of polyps reveals that neurosecretory substances are associated with the very early stages (pre-strobilation) of strobilation. Inhibitor studies carried out indicate that the freeswimming ephyrae are more sensitive to external agents than are the sessile polyps

Control measures for Chesapeake Bay jellyfishes, 1 April 1972 - 31 March 1973

The progress on the Virginia multi-disciplinary study of the Scyphozoan jellyfishes ( Aurelia aurita, Chrysora quinquecirrha, and Cyanea capillata) of Chesapeake Bay is herein reported. During this second (and unanticipated final) year of this program, the studies pursued primarily two lines of endeavor which integrated the different procedures developed in the course of the program. The underlying assumption for the laboratory investigations has been that the key to controlling nuisance jel]yfish populations lies in the understanding of the reproductive processes of the sessile polyp. With respect to field endeavors,, a concerted effort was made in order to detail those environmental parameters which are associated. with the strobilation process , and the release, development, and maturation of ephyrae into mature medusae, including possible sources of nutrition. Although Hurricane Agnes disrupted several scheduled laboratory studies, efforts were redirected in order to more thoroughly study its effect on the entire lower Chesapeake Bay with respect to jellyfish population

A Preliminary study of community oxygen metabolism in the vicinity of the C. P. Crane electric power generating station : final report

The community metabolism of the waters in the vicinity of C. P. Crane electric power generating station is reported for two seasonal periods in 1979. The early autumn period (October) is generally characterized by warm water temperatures (20°C) and an insolation period of 11 hours; the late autumn period (December) is generally characterized by cold water temperatures (4-6°C) and an insolation period of approximately 9 hours. Both sets of observations, were taken during periods which were significantly influenced by winds. ... more

Malate Dehydrogenase and Tetrazolium Oxidase of Scyphistomae of Aurelia-aurita, Chrysaora-quinquecirrha, and Cyanea-capillata (Scyphozoa-Semaeostomeae)

Three species of scyphozoan jellyfishes, Aurelia aurita (LINNAEUS 1758), Chry- saora quinquecirrha (Desor 1848), and Cyanea capillata (LINNAEUS 1758) are commonly found in Chesapeake Bay. Because of the uncertainty in the identification of jellyfish scyphistomae (polyps) collected from the field, CALDER (1971) used the nematocyst complement for distinguishing polyps of these different species. BURNETT & GOULD (1971) used an immunological assay to differentiate polyps of Aurelia aurita and Chrysaora quinquecirrha from those of Cyanea capillata. In this study, the MDH and tetrazolium oxidase (TO) isozyme patterns of the polyps of Chesapeake Bay Aurelia aurita, Chrysaora quinquecirrha, and Cyanea capitlata are reported. These isozyme patterns provide another method for distin- guishing scyphozoan polyps of uncertain identity

Bacterial Biomass And Heterotrophic Potential in the Waters of the Chesapeake Bay Plume and Contiguous Continental Shelf

Bacterial populations in Chesapeake Bay and contiguous shelf waters are significant to such essential processes as mineralization, nutrient recycling, degradation of pollutants and biomass production. However, our understanding of such dynamic relationships of physical and chemical factors to bacterial biomass and activities in Chesapeake Bay plume waters is limited. The availability of synoptic hydrographic (and remotely sensed physical-chemical) data obtained simultaneously with measurement of of microbial biomass and activity presented an opportunity to examine such relationships.https://scholarworks.wm.edu/vimsbooks/1130/thumbnail.jp

The Effect of Tropical Storm Agnes as Reflected in Chlorophyll A and Heterotrophic Potential of the Lower Chesapeake Bay

A hydrographic station (Station Y) at the mouth of the York River (37°14.6\u27N, 76°23.4\u27W) was under biological surveillance for one year prior to the arrival of Tropical Storm Agnes. For one full year following this storm, these measurements were continued. In addition, the chlorophyll a and heterotrophic potential measurements were incorporated into an ongoing zooplankton sampling program of the lower Chesapeake Bay below 37°40\u27N latitude.https://scholarworks.wm.edu/vimsbooks/1071/thumbnail.jp

Acute biological effects of chemically dispersed oil spillage : final report to the American Petroleum Institute

Primary productivity, heterotrophic potential, chlorophyll i! and phaeophytin, ATP, and direct bacterial counts were measured in the sea surface layer under controlled spills of La Rosa and Murban crude oils following immediate dispersal with the EXXON dispersant, Corexit 9527. Tests were conducted off New York on November 9, 1978. The response of productivity to dispersed oil appeared as an initial increase in rates, a reduction to minimal rates 1-2 hours after dispersion, and a return to pre-spill rates after 3 hours. Comparison of productivity measurements from the two tests suggested a more efficient and rapid dispersion of the somewhat lighter La Rosa crude. Heterotrophic uptake at one meter below the La Rosa spill mirrored productivity results; missing samples at the Murban spill prohibited interpretation. While oil and dispersant appeared to have little effect on chlorophyll-~ and direct bacterial counts, ATP concentrations decreased· to below detectable limits shortly after the application of the dispersant. Phaeophytin, expressed as a percentage of chlorophyll, varied inversely with ATP in both tests

Plant geography and water quality data for Chesapeake Bay waters of Virginia\u27s Eastern Shore

Plant geography and water quality data were collected in shallow water near Cape Charles and Occohannock Creek, Virginia on two occasions. Data from April, 1978 included hydrography, distribution and abundance of -submerged aquatic vegetation, phytoplankton census, and water clarity data. Data from May, 1978 included hydrography, phytoplankton census, water clarity, and primary productivity data. The May data collection was coincident with an overflight of the NASA JSC C-130 aircraft (6600 m) acquiring color infrared photography and multispectral scanner data; cell concentrations reached 105/ml, chlorophyll~ 72 pg/1, and suspended sediment 94 mg/1.

A cluster randomized controlled trial comparing Virtual Learning Collaborative and Technical Assistance strategies to implement an early palliative care program for patients with advanced cancer and their caregivers: a study protocol

Background: Virtual Learning Collaboratives (VLC), learning communities focused on a common purpose, are used frequently in healthcare settings to implement best practices. Yet, there is limited research testing the effectiveness of this approach compared to other implementation strategies. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a VLC compared to Technical Assistance (TA) among community oncology practices implementing ENABLE (Educate, Nurture, Advise, Before Life Ends), an evidence-based, early palliative care telehealth, psycho-educational intervention for patients with newly diagnosed advanced cancer and their caregivers. Methods: Using Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM) and Proctor’s Implementation Outcomes Frameworks, this two-arm hybrid type-III cluster-randomized controlled trial (RCT) will compare two implementation strategies, VLC versus TA, among the 48 National Cancer Institute Community Oncology Research Program (NCORP) practice clusters that have not historically provided palliative care to all patients with advanced cancer. Three cohorts of practice clusters will be randomized to the study arms. Each practice cluster will recruit 15–27 patients and a family caregiver to participate in ENABLE. The primary study outcome is ENABLE uptake (patient level), i.e., the proportion of eligible patients who complete the ENABLE program (receive a palliative care assessment and complete the six ENABLE sessions over 12 weeks). The secondary outcome is overall program implementation (practice cluster level), as measured by the General Organizational Index at baseline, 6, and 12 months. Exploratory aims assess patient and caregiver mood and quality of life outcomes at baseline, 12, and 24 weeks. Practice cluster randomization will seek to keep the proportion of rural practices, practice sizes, and minority patients seen within each practice balanced across the two study arms. Discussion: This study will advance the field of implementation science by evaluating VLC effectiveness, a commonly used but understudied, implementation strategy. The study will advance the field of palliative care by building the capacity and infrastructure to implement an early palliative care program in community oncology practices. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov. NCT04062552; Pre-results. Registered: August 20, 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04062552?term=NCT04062552&draw=2&rank=

Does Screening for Pain Correspond to High Quality Care for Veterans?

Routine numeric screening for pain is widely recommended, but its association with overall quality of pain care is unclear. To assess adherence to measures of pain management quality and identify associated patient and provider factors. A cross-sectional visit-based study. One hundred and forty adult VA outpatient primary care clinic patients reporting a numeric rating scale (NRS) of moderate to severe pain (four or more on a zero to ten scale). Seventy-seven providers completed a baseline survey regarding general pain management attitudes and a post-visit survey regarding management of 112 participating patients. We used chart review to determine adherence to four validated process quality indicators (QIs) including noting pain presence, pain character, and pain control, and intensifying pharmacological intervention. The average NRS was 6.7. Seventy-three percent of charts noted the presence of pain, 13.9% the character, 23.6% the degree of control, and 15.3% increased pain medication prescription. Charts were more likely to include documentation of pain presence if providers agreed that “patients want me to ask about pain” and “pain can have negative consequences on patient’s functioning”. Charts were more likely to document character of pain if providers agreed that “patients are able to rate their pain”. Patients with musculoskeletal pain were less likely to have chart documentation of character of pain. Despite routine pain screening in VA, providers seldom documented elements considered important to evaluation and treatment of pain. Improving pain care may require attention to all aspects of pain management, not just screening