Water managed properties of apple and pear trees based on lysimeters

A significant proportion of the aboveground green and dry weight of the plant is constituted by foliage. The canopy is an important factor of plant growth. On the one hand, the canopy absorbs solar energy, which is necessary for photosynthesis; on the other hand, it accumulates the nutrients absorbed by the roots, and most of the water-loss occurs through the foliage. The determination of the full canopy is not an easy target. In our research, we developed a measurement method to determine the leaf area. With the parameters of the examined tree (leaf length and maximum width) and the data of the ADC AM 100 leaf area scanner, we determined the k-value, with which we can easily and fast evaluate the leaf surface. Furthermore, we defined from the water balance of compensation lysimeters the cumulative transpiration of fruit trees and the efficiency of water use of trees. From the examined trees were made a 3D depiction, which show the shape, branching and the location of trees

Elaboration of the methodology of dew measurement by means of weighing lysimeters

K

Assesment of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) hybrid combinations

K

Effects of fertilization on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of winter wheat in Great Cumania

Due to the drastically increasing food prices during the last few years in Europe and also in Hungary, good and medium quality winter wheat varieties produced at low costs with high yield potential came to the front. Although food overproduction is characteristic to one part, while shortage of food to the other part of the world, the newest tendencies show an increasing role of the production and consumption of high quality food that can be produced only from high quality raw materials. When a new variety is certified, the qualitative parameters are more and more important beyond the quantitative ones. Several programmes were started to breed and produce winter wheat varieties with excellent qualitative parameters including the determination of the adequate, variety- and habitat specific agro- techniques and plant nutrition. In Karcag Research Institute plant breeding and long-term fertilization experiments have been carried out separately from one another for several decades. In the vegetation period of 2012/2013 a new series of experiments was started that includes the determination of the fertilizer doses optimal for our high quality winter wheat varieties with high yield potential. The determination of the adequate and optimal fertilizer doses are essential not only from economic point of view and lower environmental loads, but also for the most effective utilization of the genetic potential of our winter wheat varieties without the degradation of the qualitative parameters. After the assessment of the data we established that extreme high doses of fertilizers are needed for the spectacular improvement of the parameters we examined. As the financial possibilities of farmers are limited, the fertilizer cost is a determining factor: they have to consider if the yield or the quality of a given variety can be increased at an affordable fertilizer input. Our goal is to determine the often empiric hence not so accurate fertilizer doses more precisely providing the producers a proper production technology and plant nutrition recipe adequate to the varieties bred by us. Due to the complexity of this topic high number of further examinations is required

Assessment of gross calorific value of crop and bio-energy residues

KAL