Tidal friction in the solid earth

The earth's imperfectly elastic response to body and loading tidal forces is discussed using complex Love numbers and complex mass loading coefficients. Exact analytical expressions were derived relating the energy dissipation within an inhomogeneous, compressible solid earth to the surface values of these complex characteristic numbers, thus relating the global dissipation function Q to the phase shifts in the potential, gravity, tilt, strain and displacement tides. Integration of a global ocean tidal model shows that energy dissipated in the solid earth due to ocean loading is at least 10% of that dissipated in the body tides

Idea Generation and Brainstorming Under the Aspect of the New Groupthink – The Differences Between Extraverts and Introverts

Working in collaborative groups and teams now represents the practice predominantly adopted by organizations aspiring to create innovation. However, this trend towards boundless collaboration at work is harshly criticized for a resulting discrimination of introverted employees – called the New Groupthink. According to this, introverts suffer from working conditions that inhibit individual and quiet work. The current shift towards collaboration overall elicits lower creativity and achievement levels due to the resulting suppression of introverts. This inefficiency hence depicts a relevant issue for companies by reason of creativity and innovation’s decisive stake in todays’ turbulent environments. Therefore, this quantitative research investigates whether hybrid brainstorming can equate introverts with extraverts by balancing their idea contribution. It suggests solutions to both introverts, with regards to enhancing their stake in ideation, and companies, with regards to how to apply ideation methods in most efficient ways

Authoritarian Cosmos: Complexity, Elective Affinities and the thermodynamics of the Self

The dissertation grew out of a deep frustration with existing theoretical accounts of authoritarianism. Seeing strong interconnections and consistent patterns in the literature, the author began to explore the possibility of developing a more ecological framework. Stubbornly carrying the - now so seemingly - quaint "torch of the enlightenment", the project set out with a brief conceptual archeology - a leisurely walk through the fascinating hall of fame in this long and well-established research tradition. Having identified four major conceptual themes that permeate the historical record (individual factors, structural factors, ideational factors and core values and beliefs), the dissertation then tried to advance a value-belief Esperanto capable of creating stronger connections among the factors. Using the wisdom of the past as well as the insights of a multi-conceptual cast - lenses as diverse as Weber's concept of elective affinities, social identity theory, developmental psychology, Symbolic Interactionist thought and research on values and beliefs - it outlined a "new", fairly unorthodox framework for the understanding of authoritarian self dynamics, observed affinities, associated threat and salience processes and/or the inner workings of the authoritarian reaction (the submissive and aggressive defensive mechanisms). To "show" that authoritarianism does not represent a "natural" outcome of group processes, a quasi-biological certitude and/or a value-added tax that humanity somehow had to pay for its own evolutionary tandrums but may be better conceived as an emergent property of particular interactional constellations (and thus seems far from an inevitable condition), the author explored a range of hypothetical scenarios. Recognizing the continued importance and implications of these phenomena in today's world, the dissertation ends with a passionate call for further theory integration. It especially maintains that continuing to keep compiling "new" empirical information seems less fruitful than trying to analyze the already existing stock of knowledge. Once one transcends the terminological and conceptual Wild West, it becomes fairly obvious that it is not the pieces that are missing but a better way to put them together.Department of Sociolog

Stronger Together: Tiny-housers’ Views of Community

Over the last decade, tiny homes (generally described as homes smaller than 500 ft2) have grown in popularity thanks to recent representation in the media (Ford and Gomez‐Lanier 2017). An increasing number of people have begun to adopt this reimagined way of living, and some tiny-housers have sought to live near other tiny-housers, forming tiny house communities (Kilman 2016, Mangold et al. Forthcoming). Little systematic research focusing on the tiny-housers views of community exists. To provide initial insights, 30 interviews were conducted with people at various stages in their tiny house journeys. The 30 interviews were transcribed and analyzed in Nvivo 11. Preliminary findings suggest that many of these tiny-housers want to redefine the normative American concept of community by rejecting sub-urban frameworks and borrowing elements from both strong place and interest-based community models. They seek to accomplish this vision through one or more of the following: (i) increased community participation, (ii) shared spaces and resources, and (iii) development of significant relationships with neighbors rooted in mutual support and frequent interaction. While participants strive for this type of community, they also insist upon a clear recognition of personal space and boundaries. Participants also express an interest in having diverse communities, yet desire to maintain many common interests and goals. These community elements are not entirely unique to the tiny house movement. The small space, however, both encourages and facilitates this kind of community participation. Key words: Tiny house, lifestyle, downsizing, good life, alternative lifestyle, minimalism Ford, Jasmine and Lilia Gomez‐Lanier. 2017. Are Tiny Homes Here to Stay? A Review of Literature on the Tiny House Movement. Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal 45(4):394-405. Kilman, Charlie. 2016. Small House, Big Impact: The Effect of Tiny Houses on Community and Environment. Undergraduate Journal of Humanistic Studies 2. Mangold, Severin, Chelsey Willoughby, Devin Hing, Codey Collins and Toralf Zschau. Forthcoming. Why Live Tiny? A New Multi-Dimensional Model. Sociological Spectrum

Seismic risk mapping for Germany

International audienceThe aim of this study is to assess and map the seismic risk for Germany, restricted to the expected losses of damage to residential buildings. There are several earthquake prone regions in the country which have produced Mw magnitudes above 6 and up to 6.7 corresponding to observed ground shaking intensity up to VIII?IX (EMS-98). Combined with the fact that some of the earthquake prone areas are densely populated and highly industrialized and where therefore the hazard coincides with high concentration of exposed assets, the damaging implications from earthquakes must be taken seriously. In this study a methodology is presented and pursued to calculate the seismic risk from (1) intensity based probabilistic seismic hazard, (2) vulnerability composition models, which are based on the distribution of residential buildings of various structural types in representative communities and (3) the distribution of assets in terms of replacement costs for residential buildings. The estimates of the risk are treated as primary economic losses due to structural damage to residential buildings. The obtained results are presented as maps of the damage and risk distributions. For a probability level of 90% non-exceedence in 50 years (corresponding to a mean return period of 475 years) the mean damage ratio is up to 20% and the risk up to hundreds of millions of euro in the most endangered communities. The developed models have been calibrated with observed data from several damaging earthquakes in Germany and the nearby area in the past 30 years

Hate Crime in the News: The Media’s Role in Agenda Setting

Examining the extant literature on hate crimes shows that there has been an evolutionary process of Hate Crime legislation (HC). Similar to other social movements such as civil rights, the hate crime movement also had various waves which eventually lead to the passage of legislation. By and large, however, HC research has focused on victims and offenders of hate crimes as well as motivations of bias. Moreover, less research has been done on the media’s portrayal and coverage of HC. Since the media is a noted influencer in social issues (Culotta, 2002; Quisenberry, 2001), we sought to answer how the news media are reporting incidences of hate crimes – particularly LGBTQ+- and compare them with official crime statistics reported by law enforcement agencies. In order to answer these questions, our research utilized a qualitative content analysis using QSR NVivo 12.0 to identify potential themes and trends which may be overlooked in simple quantitative methods. Our dataset comes from the Hate Crime Index ("ProPublica," 2018), for the month of June 2018. Official FBI data is also utilized for comparison, spanning from 2012 to 2016. Our results suggest that the media reports HC within an overall internal Agenda Setting Orientation. During analysis, two main themes were identified that show the (i) media report both the failures and challenges of law enforcement in dealing with HC issue and, (ii) that media highlights various best practices some agencies engage in. Limitations and future research directions are discussed

Development of a PIGE-Detection System for in-situ Inspection and Quality Assurance in the Evolution of Fast Rotating Parts in High Temperature Environment Manufactured from TiAl

Intermetallic γ-titanium aluminides are a promising material in high temperature technologies. Their high specific strength at temperatures above 700°C offers the possibility for their use as components of aerospace and automotive industries. With a specific weight of 50% of that of the widely used Ni-based superalloys TiAl is very suitable as material for fast rotating parts like turbine blades in aircraft engines and land based power stations or turbocharger rotors. Thus lower mechanical stresses and a reduced fuel consumption and CO2-emission are expected. To overcome the insufficient oxidation protection the halogen effect offers an innovative way. After surface doping using F-implantation or liquid phase-treatment with an F-containing solution and subsequent oxidation at high temperatures the formation of a protective alumina scale can be achieved. By using non-destructive ion beam analyses (PIGE, RBS) F was found at the metal/oxide interface. For analysis of large scale components a new vacuum chamber at the IKF was installed and became operative. With this prototype of in-situ quality assurance system for the F-doping of manufactured parts from TiAl some performance test measurements were done and presented in this paper.Received: 01 March 2013; Revised: 24 April 2013; Accepted: 25 April 201