Agricultural Impact on Groundwater Vulnerability to Nitrate in Northern Croatia

There is noticeable negative impact on soil and water quality caused by nutrient leaching, especially nitrate. Five regions in Croatia are preliminary delineated as nitrate vulnerable zones, including potentially vulnerable zones (PVZ) and vulnerable zones (VZ), one of them being Varaždin County. Agricultural land spreads on 59% of its total area. The survey was carried out to analyze two available land use databases, ARKOD and CLC 2006, to determine relation between land use and vulnerability to nitrate. Results of on-going groundwater, soil and percolate research (nitrate concentrations) in the same area are used for more precise nitrate vulnerability determination. Database analysis revealed no significant difference in land use within VZ and PVZ. Groundwater monitoring shows no consistency between nitrate concentrations and PVZ/VZ designation. Furthermore, the difference in the amount of residual soil nitrogen in two years of research was determined. Results of lysimeter study show that up to 32% of applied nitrogen is percolated to deeper soil layers indicating high agricultural impact on groundwater vulnerability to nitrate

Infrared Thermography as a Prediction Tool for the Irrigation Requirement in Agriculture

This paper deals with the possibility of using infrared thermography to determine the irrigation requirement for a given field depending on the water stress level of the plants. The experiments were performed on vines at the site in the village of Jadrtovac near Šibenik, Croatia. The water stress level of plants was determined through leaf temperature measurements and measurements of leaf water potential (LWP). Leaf temperature measurements were performed using infrared thermography. Based on these measurements the relationship between the LWP and a derived factor, Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) was investigated. The results obtained show that infrared thermography could be successfully used to measure the leaf temperature, which is the input parameter for calculating the CWSI

Sinteza konjugata fenoprofena i gemfibrozila s kopolimerom stirena i maleinske kiseline

Two types of polymer-drug conjugates were synthesized starting from styrene-maleic acid anhydride copolymer (SMA). Fenoprofen and gemfibrozil were chosen as model drugs because of their short plasma half lives. Both drugs were first converted to their 2-aminoethylamides, which possess free amino groups capable of reacting with SMA anhydride rings. By modifying the degree and type of substitution, lipophilic and hydrophilic conjugates were obtained. Drug loading in the conjugates was between 17 and 47%.U radu je opisana sinteza polimer-lijek konjugata polazeći od kopolimera stirena i anhidrida maleinske kiseline (SMA) i fenoprofena, odnosno gemfibrozila, ljekovitih tvari s kratkim vremenom zadržavanja u plazmi. Fenoprofen i gemfibrozil su prvo prevedeni u 2-aminoetilamide, koji su zbog slobodne amino skupine mogli reagirati s anhidridnim prstenovima u SMA. Modifikacijom tipa i vrste supstitucije pripravljeni su lipofilni i hidrofilni konjugati. Udio vezanog lijeka u konjugatima bio je između 17 and 47%

Water for all : Proceedings of the 7th international scientific and professional conference Water for all

The 7th International Scientific and Professional Conference Water for all is organized to honour the World Water Day by the Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, European Hygienic Engineering & Design Group (EHEDG), Danube Parks, Croatian Food Agency, Croatian Water, Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Faculty of Agriculture in Osijek, Faculty of Civil Engineering Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Department of Chemistry, Nature Park “Kopački rit”, Osijek- Baranja County, Public Health Institute of the Osijek- Baranja County and „Vodovod-Osijek“ -water supply company in Osijek. The topic of World Water Day 2017 was "Wastewater" emphasizing the importance and influence of wastewater treatments on global environment. The international scientific and professional conference Water for all is a gathering of scientists and experts in the field of water management, including chemists, biologists, civil and agriculture engineers, with a goal to remind people about the significance of fresh water and to promote an interdisciplinary approach and sustainability for fresh water resource management. The Conference has been held since 2011. About 300 scientists and engineers submitted 95 abstracts to the 7th International Scientific and Professional Conference Water for all, out of which 33 was presented orally and 62 as posters. 47 full papers were accepted by the Scientific Committee. 38 full papers became the part of the this Proceedings while 9 papers were accepted for publication in Croatian Journal of Food Science and Technology and Electronic Journal of the Faculty of Civil Engineering Osijek - e-GFOS

The generality of the attentional sensitization model of unconscious cognition

According to classical theories of automaticity and attention (Posner & Snyder, 1975; Schneider & Shiffrin, 1977), unconscious automatic processes are insusceptible to higher level attentional influences such as intentions or task sets. Recent evidence, however, shows that the cognitive system has to be configured in a certain way for automatic processes to occur (e.g., Kiefer & Martens, 2010). The attentional sensitization model of unconscious cognition (Kiefer & Martens, 2010) suggests that automatic processes require an attentional enhancement in task-relevant pathways by prefrontal top-down signals: Automatic processes can only be initiated if the process-relevant stimulus dimension matches the active attentional set. To induce an attentional set (task set), the masked priming task is preceded by a decision task which can pertain to various cognitive domains (e.g., perceptual or semantic decision tasks). The aim of this work is to both continue an existing line of research and hence to show that the proposed model can also be applied to finer-grained processes within a cognitive domain and to extend it to further domains such as unconscious affective processing. The first two electroencephalography (EEG) studies demonstrate that even on a fine-grained perceptual level (form vs. color) a sensitization of unconscious visuo-motor processing can occur. In the third study, by means of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the neuroanatomical correlates of unconscious visuo-motor processing are examined. The fourth experiment tested unconscious affective processing by EEG in order to extend the attentional sensitization model of unconscious cognition to further domains. The results presented in this thesis demonstrate that - in contrast to classical theories of automaticity and attention - unconscious processes can be differentially modulated by higher-level attentional influences and indicate considerable flexibility and adaptability of our cognitive system

Agricultural Impact on Groundwater Vulnerability to Nitrate in Northern Croatia

There is noticeable negative impact on soil and water quality caused by nutrient leaching, especially nitrate. Five regions in Croatia are preliminary delineated as nitrate vulnerable zones, including potentially vulnerable zones (PVZ) and vulnerable zones (VZ), one of them being Varaždin County. Agricultural land spreads on 59% of its total area. The survey was carried out to analyze two available land use databases, ARKOD and CLC 2006, to determine relation between land use and vulnerability to nitrate. Results of on-going groundwater, soil and percolate research (nitrate concentrations) in the same area are used for more precise nitrate vulnerability determination. Database analysis revealed no significant difference in land use within VZ and PVZ. Groundwater monitoring shows no consistency between nitrate concentrations and PVZ/VZ designation. Furthermore, the difference in the amount of residual soil nitrogen in two years of research was determined. Results of lysimeter study show that up to 32% of applied nitrogen is percolated to deeper soil layers indicating high agricultural impact on groundwater vulnerability to nitrate