STEM and Non-STEM Library Users Have Increased Their Use of E-Books

A Review of Carroll, A. J., Corlett-Rivera, K., Hackman, T., & Zou, J. (2016). E-book perceptions and use in STEM and non-STEM disciplines: A comparative follow-up study. portal: Libraries and the Academy, 16(1), 131-162. https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2016.000

Evolution of InAs branches in InAs/GaAs nanowire heterostructures

Branched nanowireheterostructures of InAs∕GaAs were observed during Au-assisted growth of InAs on GaAsnanowires. The evolution of these branches has been determined through detailed electron microscopy characterization with the following sequence: (1) in the initial stage of InAsgrowth, the Au droplet is observed to slide down the side of the GaAsnanowire, (2) the downward movement of Aunanoparticle later terminates when the nanoparticle encounters InAsgrowing radially on the GaAsnanowire sidewalls, and (3) with further supply of In and As vapor reactants, the Aunanoparticles assist the formation of InAs branches with a well-defined orientation relationship with GaAs∕InAs core/shell stems. We anticipate that these observations advance the understanding of the kink formation in axial nanowireheterostructures.The Australian Research Council is acknowledged for the financial support of this project. One of the authors M.P. acknowledges the support of an International Postgraduate Research Scholarship

JUNO Conceptual Design Report

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is proposed to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy using an underground liquid scintillator detector. It is located 53 km away from both Yangjiang and Taishan Nuclear Power Plants in Guangdong, China. The experimental hall, spanning more than 50 meters, is under a granite mountain of over 700 m overburden. Within six years of running, the detection of reactor antineutrinos can resolve the neutrino mass hierarchy at a confidence level of 3-4$\sigma$, and determine neutrino oscillation parameters $\sin^2\theta_{12}$, $\Delta m^2_{21}$, and $|\Delta m^2_{ee}|$ to an accuracy of better than 1%. The JUNO detector can be also used to study terrestrial and extra-terrestrial neutrinos and new physics beyond the Standard Model. The central detector contains 20,000 tons liquid scintillator with an acrylic sphere of 35 m in diameter. $\sim$17,000 508-mm diameter PMTs with high quantum efficiency provide $\sim$75% optical coverage. The current choice of the liquid scintillator is: linear alkyl benzene (LAB) as the solvent, plus PPO as the scintillation fluor and a wavelength-shifter (Bis-MSB). The number of detected photoelectrons per MeV is larger than 1,100 and the energy resolution is expected to be 3% at 1 MeV. The calibration system is designed to deploy multiple sources to cover the entire energy range of reactor antineutrinos, and to achieve a full-volume position coverage inside the detector. The veto system is used for muon detection, muon induced background study and reduction. It consists of a Water Cherenkov detector and a Top Tracker system. The readout system, the detector control system and the offline system insure efficient and stable data acquisition and processing.Comment: 328 pages, 211 figure

Uniqueness and Non-uniqueness in the Einstein Constraints

The conformal thin sandwich (CTS) equations are a set of four of the Einstein equations, which generalize the Laplace-Poisson equation of Newton's theory. We examine numerically solutions of the CTS equations describing perturbed Minkowski space, and find only one solution. However, we find {\em two} distinct solutions, one even containing a black hole, when the lapse is determined by a fifth elliptic equation through specification of the mean curvature. While the relationship of the two systems and their solutions is a fundamental property of general relativity, this fairly simple example of an elliptic system with non-unique solutions is also of broader interest.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures; abstract and introduction rewritte

Preliminary Studies about Synthesis and Electrical Properties of Ruthenium Doped Lanthanum Strontium Titanate as a Potential Anode of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

The lanthanum strontium titanate (LST) is one of the most representative alternative anode materials. Although it shows low catalytic properties, the disadvantage could be improved by doping of ruthenium which is widely used as catalyst under steam reforming reaction or oxidation reaction. The ruthenium doped lanthanum strontium titanates (LSTRs) powders were synthesized by complex EDTA-citrate method showing well crystallinity. Additionally, the prepared samples were evaluated through various experimental tests. For example, the stability in the reducing atmosphere and chemical compatibility with YSZ electrolyte such as reactivity test in high temperature were confirmed by XRD (X-ray diffraction). And electrical conductivity in wet H-2 atmosphere at 900 degrees C is about 350.6 S/cm, 342.4 S/cm and 179.1 S/cm with sintered bar of LST, LSTR0.02 and LSTR0.05, respectively.open1111Nsciescopu

Performance of an Anode Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell with Indirect Internal Reforming

The conversion of fuel into hydrogen-rich gas is necessary for fuel cells. This can be achieved either indirectly in fuel processing systems, in which the hydrocarbon feed is converted in an external catalytic steam reformer, or directly in the fuel cell. In this paper, the unit module of solid oxide fuel cell was assembled by one reformer and four cells. The reformer was fabricated by extruded dummy cell and combined with two cells on each side respectively. The reforming catalyst was coated on internal channel of the dummy cell. The unit module has successfully tested with wet CH4 as fuel and air as oxidant and its maximum power density exceeded 150mW/cm(2) at 750 degrees C.open110Nsciescopu

Formation of coupled three-dimensional GeSi quantum dot crystals

Coupled three-dimensional GeSi quantum dot crystals (QDCs) are realized by multilayer growth of quantum dots (QDs) on patterned SOI (001) substrates. Photoluminescence spectra of these QDCs show non-phonon (NP) recombination and its transverse-optical (TO) phonon replica of excitons in QDs. With increasing excitation power, peak energies of both the NP and TO peaks remain nearly constant and the width of the TO peak decreases. These anomalous features of the PL peaks are attributed to miniband formation due to strong coupling of the holes and the emergence of quasioptical phonon modes due to periodic scatters in ordered GeSi QDs

Auxiliary space preconditioning in H 0(curl; Ω)

We adapt the principle of auxiliary space preconditioning as presented in [J. Xu, The auxiliary space method and optimal multigrid preconditioning techniques for unstructured grids, Computing, 56 (1996), pp. 215-235.] to H (curl; ω)-elliptic variational problems discretized by means of edge elements. The focus is on theoretical analysis within the abstract framework of subspace correction. Employing a Helmholtz-type splitting of edge element vector fields we can establish asymptotic h-uniform optimality of the preconditioner defined by our auxiliary space metho