59 research outputs found
Romani electoral politics and behaviour
Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht Wahlpolitik und Wahlverhalten von Roma in Osteuropa. Nach wie vor sind die Roma unterreprĂ€sentiert in nationalen und lokalen politischen Bereichen. Der Autor analysiert die Probleme, die die Roma im Zusammenhang mit Wahlen haben, ĂŒberprĂŒft die Beziehungen zwischen Roma und wichtigen politischen Organisationen und erforscht das Wahlverhalten der Roma. Der politische Wandel vom Sozialismus zur freien Marktwirtschaft gab den Roma die Gelegenheit, ihre politische Marginalisierung zu verringern. Nach einer Dekade der Mobilisierung bleiben sie aber weiterhin unterreprĂ€sentiert in der osteuropĂ€ischen Politik. HierfĂŒr gibt es zahlreiche strukturelle GrĂŒnde auch innerhalb der Ethnie selbst. (ICD
The Cold Peace: Russo-Western Relations as a Mimetic Cold War
In 1989â1991 the geo-ideological contestation between two blocs was swept away, together with the ideology of civil war and its concomitant Cold War played out on the larger stage. Paradoxically, while the domestic sources of Cold War confrontation have been transcended, its external manifestations remain in the form of a âlegacyâ geopolitical contest between the dominant hegemonic power (the United States) and a number of potential rising great powers, of which Russia is one. The post-revolutionary era is thus one of a âcold peaceâ. A cold peace is a mimetic cold war. In other words, while a cold war accepts the logic of conflict in the international system and between certain protagonists in particular, a cold peace reproduces the behavioural patterns of a cold war but suppresses acceptance of the logic of behaviour. A cold peace is accompanied by a singular stress on notions of victimhood for some and undigested and bitter victory for others. The perceived victim status of one set of actors provides the seedbed for renewed conflict, while the âvictoryâ of the others cannot be consolidated in some sort of relatively unchallenged post-conflict order. The âuniversalismâ of the victors is now challenged by Russia's neo-revisionist policy, including not so much the defence of Westphalian notions of sovereignty but the espousal of an international system with room for multiple systems (the Schmittean pluriverse)
Pitfalls of Professionalism? Military Academies and Coup Risk
Military academies tend to be strongly linked to the professionalization of the armed forces. This explains why many countries in the world have created such institutions. The following article studies a potential negative externality stemming from military schools: increased coup risk. We argue that military academies may create, inculcate, and strengthen cohesive views that could conflict with incumbent policies, and that these schools establish networks among military officers that may facilitate coordination necessary for plotting a putsch. We also contend and empirically demonstrate that these negative side effects of military academies are in particular pronounced in nondemocracies, that is, military academies have diverse effects across regime types. This work has significant implications for our understanding civilâmilitary relations. Furthermore, we contribute to the literature on military education and professionalization, as we suggest that military academies are important vehicles through which coups can emerge predominantly in authoritarian states
ReflexÔes sobre a forma de recrutamento das Forças Armadas Brasileiras e suas implicaçÔes para a defesa nacional
Dictionary of East European History since 1945. By Joseph Held. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1994. x, 509 pp. Index. Maps. Photographs. $59.95, hard bound.
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