6 Aprile 2009. Il sisma, le rotture, le ricomposizioni.

Il lavoro di ricerca qui presentato prende le mosse dal terremoto che il 6 aprile 2009 ha colpito la città dell’Aquila in Abruzzo (Italia) e propone una lettura di alcune dinamiche sociali e spaziali che si sono sviluppate durante l’intero processo tellurico. All’Aquila si è di fronte ad una città distrutta che diventa palcoscenico di rappresentazioni di svariate dinamiche pertanto si tenterà da un lato di osservare come e in che misura una città, ed in particolare quella dell’Aquila, si trasforma sotto i suoi aspetti sociali, spaziali e culturali a seguito di un evento traumatico come quello del terremoto; dall’altro si ricostruirà il punto di vista, le percezioni, le rappresentazioni soggettive della catastrofe e il rapporto con gli spazi degli attori implicati nell’evento distruttivo. L’approccio di cui la ricerca si avvale è prevalentemente qualitativo: sono state svolte interviste in profondità ad abitanti e semi-strutturate ad expertises

Comment l'infirmière parvient-elle à coopérer avec le proche aidant pour faciliter les soins à domicile: quelle forme de relation avec le proche aidant et comment répondre à ses besoins : travail de Bachelor

Introduction : Avec l’augmentation de la population vieillissante, les soins à domicile sont plus demandés afin de favoriser le maintien à domicile. Le rôle du proche aidant est donc une ressource essentielle pour l’infirmière qui devra alors créer un partenariat avec celui-ci. Méthode : Une revue de la littérature a été conduite en interrogeant les bases de données CINAHL, Pubmed et Banque de données en santé publique (BDSP). Résultats : La nature de la relation établie par l’infirmière avec le proche aidant en soins à domicile a été décrite par Ward-Griffin & McKeever (2000). L’outil ESPA qui est l’adaptation de l’outil COAT a été créé afin de permettre l’évaluation des besoins du proche aidant et de mettre en place des stratégies d’intervention adaptées. Il est important de préserver le proche aidant car il est le pilier de la prise en soin à domicile. Discussion : L’outil ESPA est comparé à l’échelle de Zarit dans le but de mettre en évidence ce qu’il apporte en plus dans les soins à domicile. D’après une approche systémique du soin à domicile selon le modèle de McGill, l’infirmière devrait privilégier une relation de partenariat. Conclusion : L’utilisation de l’outil ESPA parait plus pertinente dans le but d’établir une coopération entre l’infirmière et le proche aidant, ainsi que de permettre la mise en oeuvre d’une relation de type « travailleur-travailleur ». L’évaluation des besoins du proche aidant va faciliter le positionnement de l’infirmière dans la relation soignant - proche aidant

Tumor-derived microvesicles modulate antigen cross-processing via reactive oxygen species-mediated alkalinization of phagosomal compartment in dendritic cells

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the only antigen-presenting cells able to prime naïve T cells and cross-prime antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. Their functionality is a requirement for the induction and maintenance of long-lasting cancer immunity. Albeit intensively investigated, the in vivo mechanisms underlying efficient antigen cross-processing and presentation are not fully understood. Several pieces of evidence indicate that antigen transfer to DCs mediated by microvesicles (MVs) enhances antigen immunogenicity. This mechanism is also relevant for cross-presentation of those tumor-associated glycoproteins such as MUC1 that are blocked in HLA class II compartment when internalized by DCs as soluble molecules. Here, we present pieces of evidence that the internalization of tumor-derived MVs modulates antigen-processing machinery of DCs. Employing MVs derived from ovarian cancer ascites fluid and established tumor cell lines, we show that MV uptake modifies DC phagosomal microenvironment, triggering reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and early alkalinization. Indeed, tumor MVs carry radical species and the MV uptake by DCs counteracts the chemically mediated acidification of the phagosomal compartment. Further pieces of evidence suggest that efficacious antigen cross-priming of the MUC1 antigen carried by the tumor MVs results from the early signaling induced by MV internalization and the function of the antigen-processing machinery of DCs. These results strongly support the hypothesis that tumor-derived MVs impact antigen immunogenicity by tuning the antigen-processing machinery of DCs, besides being carrier of tumor antigens. Furthermore, these findings have important implications for the exploitation of MVs as antigenic cell-free immunogen for DC-based therapeutic strategies

Spaces of resilience: Irpinia 1980, Abruzzo 2009, in Sociologia urbana e rurale 111. 2016, pp. 64-83 ( ISSN 0392-4939)

Focusing on the 1980 and 2009 Italian earthquakes, we propose an analysis of the social dynamics taking place in the crater areas. The study considers two levels: one refers to the Mayors in charge at the time of the events and the other to the people who lived the earthquakes. The capability of local societies to create organized forms of interaction will be also investigated. We will reconstruct actors point of view through the individual and collective memory of the events

Rischio globale e distanza sociale ai tempi dell'epidemia e degli eventi pandemici da Covid-19

L’epidemia di coronavirus (Covid-19) che sta colpendo la maggior parte del mondo spinge la sociologia a ripensare i fenomeni di cambiamento sociale. La consapevolezza di una situazione generale di innalzamento del rischio, su più fronti, continua ad essere latentizzata. Ne è prova il fatto che la pandemia Covid-19 ha (paradossalmente!) sorpreso nazioni, popolazioni e decisori politici, trovando tutti imprepati. Essa ha svelato l’importanza delle infrastrutture tecnologiche e la necessità di potenziarle; soprattutto, ha costretto il tessuto delle relazioni sociali a ri-organizzarsi in nuovi spazi (più spesso negati) e nuovi tempi (inevitabilmente dilatati)

Continuous low-dose gemcitabine in primary cutaneous T cell lymphoma: A retrospective study

The aim of our retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of a continuous therapy with a lower dosage of gemcitabine compared to those usually administered in patients with cutaneous T cell lymphomas (CTCL). Twenty-two patients received different dosages of gemcitabine. Dosage and schedule of the drug were chosen on the basis of clinical features. Gemcitabine was given at 1000 mg every 15 days in 13 patients (four mycosis fungoides [MF], nine Sezary syndrome [SS]); at 1000 mg at days +1, +8, +15 in six cases (three MF, three SS). All patients had been previously treated: four patients had received both skin directed and systemic treatments. Eighteen patients had received photopheresis, IFN, chemotherapy and immunotherapy. The objective response rate (CR + PR) among all patients was 54.5% (12 of 22 patients) with a CR of 4.5% (one of 22 patients) and a PR of 50% (11 of 22 patients). Patients with SS had an ORR of 61.5% (eight of 13 patients) with one CR (7%) and seven PR (53.8%); patients with MF showed an ORR of 55.6% (five of nine patients) but no patients experienced CR (0%). The schedule with the highest efficacy and the lowest toxicity profile was 1000 mg every 15 days. Median progression free survival and overall survival in all patients were 17 and 45 months respectively. Gemcitabine was generally well tolerated. We have demonstrated that a much lower dose of gemcitabine (1000 mg once every 15 days) in patients with advanced-stage and refractory CTCL can lead to a durable response, with tolerable and manageable adverse effects

Long-Term Physiological Alterations and Recovery in a Mouse Model of Separation Associated with Time-Restricted Feeding: A Tool to Study Anorexia Nervosa Related Consequences

<div><p>Background</p><p>Anorexia nervosa is a primary psychiatric disorder, with non-negligible rates of mortality and morbidity. Some of the related alterations could participate in a vicious cycle limiting the recovery. Animal models mimicking various physiological alterations related to anorexia nervosa are necessary to provide better strategies of treatment.</p><p>Aim</p><p>To explore physiological alterations and recovery in a long-term mouse model mimicking numerous consequences of severe anorexia nervosa.</p><p>Methods</p><p>C57Bl/6 female mice were submitted to a separation-based anorexia protocol combining separation and time-restricted feeding for 10 weeks. Thereafter, mice were housed in standard conditions for 10 weeks. Body weight, food intake, body composition, plasma levels of leptin, adiponectin, IGF-1, blood levels of GH, reproductive function and glucose tolerance were followed. Gene expression of several markers of lipid and energy metabolism was assayed in adipose tissues.</p><p>Results</p><p>Mimicking what is observed in anorexia nervosa patients, and despite a food intake close to that of control mice, separation-based anorexia mice displayed marked alterations in body weight, fat mass, lean mass, bone mass acquisition, reproductive function, GH/IGF-1 axis, and leptinemia. mRNA levels of markers of lipogenesis, lipolysis, and the brown-like adipocyte lineage in subcutaneous adipose tissue were also changed. All these alterations were corrected during the recovery phase, except for the hypoleptinemia that persisted despite the full recovery of fat mass.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>This study strongly supports the separation-based anorexia protocol as a valuable model of long-term negative energy balance state that closely mimics various symptoms observed in anorexia nervosa, including metabolic adaptations. Interestingly, during a recovery phase, mice showed a high capacity to normalize these parameters with the exception of plasma leptin levels. It will be interesting therefore to explore further the central and peripheral effects of the uncorrected hypoleptinemia during recovery from separation-based anorexia.</p></div

Expression analysis in adipose tissues of genes involved in lipid metabolism.

<p>Relative mRNA levels of Glut4, FASn, ABHD5 and ATGL were determined by real-time PCR experiments, in subcutaneous (SCAT) and visceral adipose tissues (VAT) of control □ and SBA ▪ mice. PPIA and HPRT were used as housekeeping genes. All results are expressed as fold-change compared to one SCAT of the control group after 10 weeks. Analyses were done after 10 weeks of SBA protocol and 10 additional weeks of REC protocol. Data represent mean ± SEM; n = 5–10/group. *<i>p</i><0.05 and **<i>p</i><0.005 when compared to CT group at the same duration; ^‡<i>p</i><0.05 and ^{‡ ‡}<i>p</i><0.005 when compared to the previous value of the same group.</p