213 research outputs found
On analytical solutions for liquid-filled non-shallow conical shell assemblies
On the basis of linear elastic shell theory, analytical results for stresses and deformations in liquid-filled conical shell assemblies are presented. For these structural configurations, which find application in elevated liquid containment and pressure vessels, such complete sets of closed-form results have never been presented before in the literature, to the authorβs best knowledge. The membrane solution is adopted as the particular solution of the bending-theory equations, while the oneterm asymptotic-series solution for the axisymmetric bending of a non-shallow thin conical shell serves as the homogeneous component of the total solution, allowing all stresses and deformations to be conveniently obtained in closed form. These analytical results, used in combination with numerical analyses such as the finite-element method, permit a rapid and efficient analysis and design of the shell structures in question. The presented results have the added value of serving as a convenient benchmark for checking the performance of numerical formulations for problems of the type under discussion. A numerical example illustrates the value of the analytical results as a tool for parametric study and design
Studying a population undergoing nutrition transition: a practical case study of dietary assessment in urban South African adolescents
The South African Medical Research Council food frequency questionnaire
(FFQ) and protocol was used to determine food intake in 83 adolescents from
the Birth To Twenty study. The FFQ was piloted on a small group (n=8).
Specific problems which resulted in overestimation of energy intake were
identified. The protocol was modified and administered to the remainder of the
adolescents and their caregivers. Reasonable energy intakes were obtained,
and time spent completing the FFQ was reduced. The modified protocol was
more successful in determining habitual food intake although it would benefit
from validation against other dietary intake techniques
Π§Π΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ, ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°, Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ· ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π₯ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΊΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ: ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΉ
Introduction. Radiation therapy (RT) has been widely used since the 1970s in the treatment of Hodgkinβs lymphoma. RT increases the risk of secondary malignancies and heart disease including coronary artery disease, noncoronary atherosclerotic valvular disease, valvular dysfunction, pericardial disease and radiation induced vasculopathy.Case Presentation. We describe a case of a patient with 4 secondary malignancies due to previous RT including parotid mucoepidermoid carcinoma, breast multicentric infiltrating ducta, thyroid papillary microcarcinoma with follicular pattern and lung adenocarcinoma that later presented with severe constrictive pericarditis, which led to an emergency pericardiectomy β all of these were complications of her previous radiotherapy. She received a prompt diagnosis and treatment.\Discussion. Radiation-induced vascular disease (RIVD) occurs due to endothelial injury following RT; patients have up to 3β4 fold increase in risk of myocardial infarction due to CAD, therefore screening of CAD with a CT coronary angiography is recommended to begin 5 years after receiving RT in patients 45 and older and 10 years after RT in patients <45 years old. Radiation induced secondary malignancies (RISM) are seen in 17β19 % of cases and the risk increases by time since last RT session. Many factors contribute to the risk severity of developing RISM such as age of radiation, dosage and size of the area irradiated, and radiation technique. Lung and breast cancer are the most common forms of second malignancy. A prompt screening, diagnosis and treatment of the RT complications are vital and should be prioritized in every control.ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ. ΠΡΡΠ΅Π²Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ (ΠΠ’) Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π₯ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΊΠΈΠ½Π° ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Ρ 1970-Ρ
Π³Π³. ΠΠ’ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΊ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°, Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ², Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ², Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄Π° ΠΈ Π²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ.ΠΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΈ Ρ 4 Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ’: ΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»ΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ, ΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ, ΠΏΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ° ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΈΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ° Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ°, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΎ ΠΊ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π₯ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΊΠΈΠ½Π°. ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅.ΠΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ. Π£ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΠΠ‘ ΡΠΈΡΠΊ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΠ° ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² 3β4 ΡΠ°Π·Π°, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π³ ΠΠΠ‘ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΠ’-ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· 5 Π»Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΠ’ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π² Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ 45 Π»Π΅Ρ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· 10 Π»Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΠ’ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π² Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ <45 Π»Π΅Ρ. Π Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² 17β19 % ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π²; ΡΠΈΡΠΊ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π·Π°Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΡΠΊ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ: Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡ, Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°, ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π Π°ΠΊ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π‘Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΠ’ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ
The chemokine receptor CCR8 is preferentially expressed in Th2 but not Th1 cells
In this paper we report on the cloning and characterization of mouse CCR8. Like its human homologue, it is predominantly expressed in the thymus. In the periphery, murine CCR8 mRNA was found most abundantly expressed in activated Th2-polarized cells and in NK1.1+ CD4+ T cells. Human CCR8 is also preferentially expressed in human Th2-polarized cells and clones. This pattern of expression suggests that CCR8 is part of a Th2-specific gene expression program. The CCR8 ligands I-309 and its mouse homologue T cell activation gene 3 (TCA-3) are potent chemoattractants for Th2-polarized cells. Taken together, these observations strongly suggest that CCR8 plays a role in the control of Th2 responses, and may represent a potential target for treatment of allergic diseases
Aberrant in vivo T helper type 2 cell response and impaired eosinophil recruitment in CC chemokine receptor 8 knockout mice
Chemokine receptors transduce signals important for the function and trafficking of leukocytes. Recently, it has been shown that CC chemokine receptor (CCR)8 is selectively expressed by Th2 subsets, but its functional relevance is unclear. To address the biological role of CCR8, we generated CCR8 deficient (-/-) mice. Here we report defective T helper type 2 (Th2) immune responses in vivo in CCR8 -/- mice in models of Schistosoma mansoni soluble egg antigen (SEA)-induced granuloma formation as well as ovalbumin (OVA)- and cockroach antigen (CRA)-induced allergic airway inflammation. In these mice, the response to SEA, OVA, and CRA showed impaired Th2 cytokine production that was associated with aberrant type 2 inflammation displaying a 50 to 80% reduction in eosinophils. In contrast, a prototypical Th1 immune response, elicited by Mycobacteria bovis purified protein derivative (PPD) was unaffected by CCR8 deficiency. Mechanistic analyses indicated that Th2 cells developed normally and that the reduction in eosinophil recruitment was likely due to systemic reduction in interleukin 5. These results indicate an important role for CCR8 in Th2 functional responses in vivo
Exacerbation of facial motoneuron loss after facial nerve axotomy in CCR3-deficient mice
We have previously demonstrated a neuroprotective mechanism of FMN (facial motoneuron) survival after facial nerve axotomy that is dependent on CD4+ Th2 cell interaction with peripheral antigen-presenting cells, as well as CNS (central nervous system)-resident microglia. PACAP (pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide) is expressed by injured FMN and increases Th2-associated chemokine expression in cultured murine microglia. Collectively, these results suggest a model involving CD4+ Th2 cell migration to the facial motor nucleus after injury via microglial expression of Th2-associated chemokines. However, to respond to Th2-associated chemokines, Th2 cells must express the appropriate Th2-associated chemokine receptors. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that Th2-associated chemokine receptors increase in the facial motor nucleus after facial nerve axotomy at timepoints consistent with significant T-cell infiltration. Microarray analysis of Th2-associated chemokine receptors was followed up with real-time PCR for CCR3, which indicated that facial nerve injury increases CCR3 mRNA levels in mouse facial motor nucleus. Unexpectedly, quantitative- and co-immunofluorescence revealed increased CCR3 expression localizing to FMN in the facial motor nucleus after facial nerve axotomy. Compared with WT (wild-type), a significant decrease in FMN survival 4 weeks after axotomy was observed in CCR3β/β mice. Additionally, compared with WT, a significant decrease in FMN survival 4 weeks after axotomy was observed in Rag2β/β (recombination activating gene-2-deficient) mice adoptively transferred CD4+ T-cells isolated from CCR3β/β mice, but not in CCR3β/β mice adoptively transferred CD4+ T-cells derived from WT mice. These results provide a basis for further investigation into the co-operation between CD4+ T-cell- and CCR3-mediated neuroprotection after FMN injury
Novel emerging therapy for erectile dysfunction: efficacy and safety of flat magnetic stimulation
Background: The erectile dysfunction (ED), which is the inability to achieve and/or sustain a penile erection sufficient to result in a satisfying sexual performance, represents a very common complaint. for men over forty years old. The aim of the study was to evaluate if Flat Magnetic Stimulation (FMS) technology could help individuals with symptomatic erectile dysfunction.
Methods: Twenty patients with erectile dysfunction, underwent eight sessions of about 30 minutes each in a twice a week frequency with the study device. During treatments, every potential side effect was assessed. The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) was compiled by all patients at the beginning, after the eighth treatment and at 1 month from the end of the last treatment. The questionnaire scores were presented as median values along with the interquartile range (IQR) and we set the significance threshold at 0.01.
Results: After the treatment and at 1-month follow-up, the increase in questionnaire scores was statistically significant compared to the baseline, thus supporting the clinical usefulness of this treatment. In particular, the result of the study indicates a statistically significant difference between IIEF score before treatment (Median = 34) and IIEF score after the end of treatment (Median = 45) and between IIEF score before treatment and IIEF score at 1-month follow-up (Median = 54).
Conclusions: The study findings showed that FMS represents a promising treatment option to individuals affected by symptomatic erectile dysfunction
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