Algebraic Renormalization of N=1N=1 Supersymmetric Gauge Theories with Supersymmetry Breaking Masses

We provide N=1 Super Yang-Mills theory in the Wess-Zumino gauge with mass terms for the supersymmetric partners of the gauge fields and of the matter fields, together with a supersymmetric mass term for the fermionic matter fields. All mass terms are chosen in such a way to induce soft supersymmetry breakings at most, while preserving gauge invariance to all orders of perturbation theory. The breakings are controlled through an extended Slavnov-Taylor identity. The renormalization analysis, both in the ultraviolet and in the infrared region, is performed.Comment: 24 pages, plain LaTeX, no figure

The automatic complexity analysis of divide-and-conquer algorithms

Projet EURECACurrent tools performing automatic complexity analysis are capable to deal with function definitions based on structural induction. Divide-and-conquer algorithms with "intelligent" divide function (like quicksort) are not based on structural induction, but on noetherian induction. This paper presents a method of automatic complexity analysis to deal with such kinds of functions

Screening cell surface receptors using micromosaic immunoassays

This report presents a general method for screening cell surface receptors using so-called micromosaic immunoassays. This method employs a microfluidic chip having n (n = 11) independent flow paths to move cells over m (m = 11) lines of surface-patterned antibodies for screening individual cells in a parallel, combinatorial, fast and flexible manner. The antibodies are patterned as 30-μm-wide lines on a poly(dimethylsiloxane) layer used to seal the area of the chip in which screening is being monitored. Mouse hybridoma cells having CD44 cell surface receptors and anti-CD44 antibodies were used to establish a proof-of-concept for this method. Both the capture antibodies and the cells were fluorescently labelled to allow the position of the cells to be accurately tracked over the binding sites using an inverted fluorescence microscope. The chips and cells were maintained at a constant temperature between 20 to 37°C, and flow velocities of the cells over the capture areas were 100-280 μm~s−1, resulting in a ∼0.1-0.3 s residency time of the cells on each of the eleven 30 × 30 μm s2 capture areas. Binding of the cells appeared to be specific to the capture areas, with a yield of 30% when the assay was performed at a temperature of 37°C and with a slow flow velocity. We suggest that this proof-of-concept is broadly applicable to the screening of cells for medical/diagnostic purposes as well as for basic research on the interaction of cells with surface

Modeling and Optimization of High-Sensitivity, Low-Volume Microfluidic-Based Surface Immunoassays

Microfluidics are emerging as a promising technology for miniaturizing biological assays for applications in diagnostics and research in life sciences because they enable the parallel analysis of multiple analytes with economy of samples and in short time. We have previously developed microfluidic networks for surface immunoassays where antibodies that are immobilized on one wall of a microchannel capture analytes flowing in the microchannel. This technology is capable of detecting analytes with picomolar sensitivity and from sub-microliter volume of sample within 45 min. This paper presents the theoretical modeling of these immunoassays where a finite difference algorithm is applied to delineate the role of the transport of analyte molecules in the microchannel (convection and diffusion), the kinetics of binding between the analyte and the capture antibodies, and the surface density of the capture antibody on the assay. The model shows that assays can be greatly optimized by varying the flow velocity of the solution of analyte in the microchannels. The model also shows how much the analyte-antibody binding constant and the surface density of the capture antibodies influence the performance of the assay. We then derive strategies to optimize assays toward maximal sensitivity, minimal sample volume requirement or fast performance, which we think will allow further development of microfluidic networks for immunoassay application

Zum Einsatz von Bildschirmtext im IUD-Bereich

Nach der Erläuterung der Arbeitsweise von Bildschirmtext wird seine Funktion für den Bereich IuD untersucht und bewertet

A survey on electricity market design: Insights from theory and real-world implementations of capacity remuneration mechanisms

In recent years, electricity markets have been characterized by a growing share of fluctuating renewable energies, which has increased concerns about the security of electricity supply. As a consequence, existing market designs are adapted, and new capacity remuneration mechanisms are introduced. However, these mechanisms entail new challenges, and it is disputed whether they are indeed needed. In this article, an overview of the current debate on the necessity of capacity remuneration mechanisms is provided. Furthermore, initial experiences of real-world implementations are discussed, and common findings in the literature, categorized by their economic implications, are derived. Finally, shortcomings in existing research and open questions that need to be addressed in future works are pointed out

AUTOMATED RETINAL LAYER SEGMENTATION AND THEIR THICKNESS PROFILES IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS: A Comparison of 55° Wide-field and Conventional 30° SD-OCT.

PURPOSE To assess whether retinal thickness measurements with a standard 30° spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) are comparable with wide-field 55° SD-OCT. METHODS Thirty-three healthy individuals were scanned using 55° as well as 30° SD-OCT according to a standardized protocol. Automated retinal layer segmentation of standard and wide-field SD-OCTs was assessed using customized software. RESULTS Both lenses showed a high correlation when analyzing total retinal thickness within the central, the inner, and the outer retinal ring (r = > 0.9). Automated thickness measurements with the 55° system were marginally higher compared with the 30° lens. The thickness of each separate retinal layer using automated segmentation showed excellent correlations within the inner and outer rings (range: r = 0.6-r = 0.9 for the inner ring and range: r = 0.9-r = 1.0 for the outer ring). CONCLUSION Fifty-five degree wide-field SD-OCT provides a good overview of the posterior pole and presents similar quantitative values as a standard 30° OCT lens. Therefore, thickness values are comparable when switching between these two lenses