Multimodal Semantic Understanding: Semantic Role Labeling With Vision and Language

Semantic role labeling (SRL) is an important task in natural language understanding systems. Recently, researchers have moved from traditional syntactic feature based pipelines to end-to-end (merely token to tag, mostly) neural network based SRL system, and state-of-the-art performance has been reported from those systems. Nonetheless, the recent trend of inducing syntactic information back to neural models has led to a big success [Strubell et al., 2018]. On the other hand, language understanding should not be a single modal task, the most pervasive evidence is ourselves. Incorporating information from other modalities has drawn attention [Baltrusaitis et al., 2019]. This thesis introduces two different models trying to utilize image information to help SRL task. The two models use distinct ways to integrate between the vision and language modalities. Also, the models are trained on automatically generated data, and evaluated on ground truth data. The results and analysis are presented.</p

Behavioral Analysis of Vision-and-Language Navigation Agents

To be successful, Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) agents must be able to ground instructions to actions based on their surroundings. In this work, we develop a methodology to study agent behavior on a skill-specific basis -- examining how well existing agents ground instructions about stopping, turning, and moving towards specified objects or rooms. Our approach is based on generating skill-specific interventions and measuring changes in agent predictions. We present a detailed case study analyzing the behavior of a recent agent and then compare multiple agents in terms of skill-specific competency scores. This analysis suggests that biases from training have lasting effects on agent behavior and that existing models are able to ground simple referring expressions. Our comparisons between models show that skill-specific scores correlate with improvements in overall VLN task performance.Comment: accepted to CVPR202

Determination of Optimal Opening Scheme for Electromagnetic Loop Networks Based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process

Studying optimization and decision for opening electromagnetic loop networks plays an important role in planning and operation of power grids. First, the basic principle of fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) is introduced, and then an improved FAHP-based scheme evaluation method is proposed for decoupling electromagnetic loop networks based on a set of indicators reflecting the performance of the candidate schemes. The proposed method combines the advantages of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. On the one hand, AHP effectively combines qualitative and quantitative analysis to ensure the rationality of the evaluation model; on the other hand, the judgment matrix and qualitative indicators are expressed with trapezoidal fuzzy numbers to make decision-making more realistic. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by the application results on the real power system of Liaoning province of China

Comparative genomics and DNA methylation analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate PA3 by single-molecule real-time sequencing reveals new targets for antimicrobials

IntroductionPseudomonas aeruginosa (P.aeruginosa) is an important opportunistic pathogen with broad environmental adaptability and complex drug resistance. Single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing technique has longer read-length sequences, more accuracy, and the ability to identify epigenetic DNA alterations.MethodsThis study applied SMRT technology to sequence a clinical strain P. aeruginosa PA3 to obtain its genome sequence and methylation modification information. Genomic, comparative, pan-genomic, and epigenetic analyses of PA3 were conducted.ResultsGeneral genome annotations of PA3 were discovered, as well as information about virulence factors, regulatory proteins (RPs), secreted proteins, type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) pairs, and genomic islands. A genome-wide comparison revealed that PA3 was comparable to other P. aeruginosa strains in terms of identity, but varied in areas of horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Phylogenetic analysis showed that PA3 was closely related to P. aeruginosa 60503 and P. aeruginosa 8380. P. aeruginosa's pan-genome consists of a core genome of roughly 4,300 genes and an accessory genome of at least 5,500 genes. The results of the epigenetic analysis identified one main methylation sites, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and 1 motif (CATNNNNNNNTCCT/AGGANNNNNNNATG). 16 meaningful methylated sites were picked. Among these, purH, phaZ, and lexA are of great significance playing an important role in the drug resistance and biological environment adaptability of PA3, and the targeting of these genes may benefit further antibacterial studies.DisucssionThis study provided a detailed visualization and DNA methylation information of the PA3 genome and set a foundation for subsequent research into the molecular mechanism of DNA methyltransferase-controlled P. aeruginosa pathogenicity

Additional file 1 of Efficacy and safety comparison of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery and upfront surgery for treating intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. The detailed search strategies of PubMed

Vernier frequency division with dual-microresonator solitons

For advanced microcomb applications, the exact detection of the high repetition rate becomes difficult due to the limited bandwidth of the photodiodes. Here, the authors present a Vernier dual-comb method to sample the main soliton comb and divide the repetition rate by a generating low frequency beat notes

Matrine Attenuates D-Galactose-Induced Aging-Related Behavior in Mice via Inhibition of Cellular Senescence and Oxidative Stress

The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of matrine (MAT) on D-galactose- (D-gal-) induced aging and relative mechanism. Vitamin E at the dose of 100 mg/kg was used as a standard positive control. MAT significantly improved the D-gal-induced recognition and spatial memory impairment in novel object recognition and Y maze tests, and exercise endurance decreased in the weight-loaded swimming test at 2 and 10 mg/kg. We found that D-gal treatment induced noticeably aging-related changes such as reducing thymus coefficients, increasing the pathological injury and cellular senescence of liver, spleen, and hippocampus, as well as an increase in cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16, p19, and p21 gene expression and the interleukin-1β expression in the liver and hippocampus. MAT showed effective protection on such changes. Furthermore, MAT decreased the oxidative stress of the liver, plasma, and brain, as evidenced by increased total antioxidant capacity, total superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities and decreased the malondialdehyde level. Additionally, there was a significant positive correlation between swimming time in weight-loaded swimming time and thymus index. MAT ameliorated aging-related disorder caused by D-gal through the inhibition of both cellular senescence and oxidative stress. The study provides further evidence for drug development of MAT for prevention or treatment of the aging-associated disorder