HERMENEUTIKA SUFISTIK: TELAAH EPISTEMOLOGI TAKWIL IBN ‘ARABI

  The validity of Ibn ‘Arabi’s ta’wil is much debated by experts, as is ishari interpretationin general. Some academics regard it as a deconstructive interpretation which subdues the Qur'anic text to mystical-gnostic teachings. But not a few argue that his mystical interpretation is in harmony with the principle of textuality. This article will discuss the epistemological construction of Ibn ‘Arabi’ ta’wil through an analysis of the hermeneutical assumptions he introduced. By using hermeneutic and sufistic psychology approaches, this qualitative research concludes that the ta’wil practiced by Ibn ‘Arabi is a dialectical process between text and psychic-spiritual context, thus capturing various meanings in the Holy Text as a reflection of multi-dimensional reality. This kind of interpretation is literal because it imparts textual meaning, andat the same time spiritual because it also reaches inner unveiling.    &nbsp

Eksoterisme Tafsir Ishari: Telaah Epistemologi Tafsir Al-Jilani

Artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa penafsiran sufistik al-Jilani selaras dengan prinsip tekstualitas penafsiran. Dalam proses penafsiran ishari, dialektika antara unsur tekstualitas dan spiritualitas menjadikan teks memiliki makna literal-objektif’ sekaligus signifikansi moral-spiritual. Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa interpretasi al-Jilani bersifat literal, karena mengimani makna tekstual, sekaligus bersifat spiritual, dalam arti bahwa pemaknaan juga menjangkau singkapan spiritual. Dalam melakukan kajian ini, penulis menggunakan metode interpretatif, dengan pendekatan hermeneutika dan psikologi sufistik

DEMOCRATIC POLITICAL SYSTEM IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF MAQASID SHARIA : STUDY ANALYSIS OF YUSUF AL-QARADAWI’S THOUGHT

Abstract: one of the big issue that is still debatable about the relationship between Islam and politics is how legitimate the democratic political system is in the paradigm of Islamic law. This study will explain the alternative paradigm in evaluating the democratic system based on the paradigm of Islamic law from a prominent Muslim intellectual named Yusuf al-Qaradawi. This research is a qualitative research in the form of literature review. The primary source used is a variety of literature that explains Yusuf al-Qaradawi's thoughts about democracy in Islam. The method used is the method of interpreting the thoughts of the figures with the maqasid al-shari‘ah approach. There are two big conclusions of this research. First, Yusuf al-Qaradawi's view of democracy can be said to be grounded in its epistemological foundation in understanding the concept of an Islamic state. For al-Qaradawi, an Islamic state is a system of government that provides policy improvisation space in the benefit of social, economic and political life based on the objectives of Islamic law (maqasid shari'ah). Second, Yusuf al-Qaradawi's view, the democratic system can be compatible with Islam if the principles in the democratic system are in accordance with various values which are the spirit of the objectives of Islamic law (maqasid shari'ah), such as the value of justice, equality of rights, freedom, etc. so. To realize this, the democratic system must carry a holistic vision and mission, which includes worldly and ukhrawi benefits as well as individual and social benefits.       Keywords: Validity, democracy, Yusuf al-Qaradawi, maqasid shari’ah;

Eksoterisme Tafsir Ishari: Telaah Epistemologi Tafsir Al-Jilani

Abstract This article concludes that the sufistic interpretation of al-Ji>la>ni> is in harmony with the principle of textual interpretation. In the process of isha>ri> interpretation, the dialectics between elements of textuality and spirituality makes the text have a literal-objective meaning as well a moral-spiritual significance. This study shows that the interpretation of al-Ji>la>ni> is literal, because it relies in textual meaning, and at the same time is spiritual, in the sense that the meaning also reaches spiritual outcrop. This study is based on interpretive method, with the hermeneutic and sufistic psychology approach. Abstrak Artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa penafsiran sufistik al-Ji>la>ni> selaras dengan prinsip tekstualitas penafsiran. Dalam proses penafsiran isha>ri>, dialektika antara unsur tekstualitas dan spiritualitas menjadikan teks memiliki makna literal-objektif’ sekaligus signifikansi moral-spiritual. Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa interpretasi al-Ji>la>ni> bersifat literal, karena mengimani makna tekstual, sekaligus bersifat spiritual, dalam arti bahwa pemaknaan juga menjangkau singkapan spiritual. Dalam melakukan kajian ini, penulis menggunakan metode interpretatif, dengan pendekatan hermeneutika dan psikologi sufistik. Keywords: Penafsiran isha>ri>, Makna tekstual, Signifikansi Moral-Spiritual

DERADICALISING RELIGIOUS EDUCATION

This articles discusses deradicalization attempts in religious educational settings. It closely examines the roots of religious radicalism and offers the deradicalisation models in religious educational institutions. The discussion contributes to the current scholarship on the role of religious education in deradicalization programs and how create an Islamic educational institution that corfims and applies principles of multiculturalism. The paper particularly addresses the roles of teacher, the curriculum aspect of learning, and the translation of multiculturalism into Islamic education. Managerial aspect will be also included in the discussion. It further argues that the implementation of principles of multiculturalism reserves as an important element in confronting radical narratives, both from within and without Islamic tradition. It stands as an attempt to create moderate Muslim subjects who persistently uphold principles of inclusivity and transformative learning through opened-deliberation -rather than indoctrination- in educational settings. &nbsp

Moderasi ‘di atas’ Tekstualisme-Kontekstualisme: Metodologi Pemahaman Sunnah Yusuf al-Qaradhawi

The Moderation ‘beyond’ Textualism-Contextualism: Yusuf al-Qaradhawi’s Methodology of Understanding the Sunnah The discourse of understanding the Sunnah of the Prophet—as in the interpretation of the Qur'an—in this contemporary era is faced with a dilemmatic choice between following the global trend or settling for the 'purity' of the islamic teachings. Responding to this problem, some groups approach the textual approach that is oriented to the practice of Islam in the style of al-salaf al-salih strictly, while others advocate the contextualization of Islamic sources creatively according to the dynamics of the times. This paper will specifically discuss the manhaj offered by Yusuf al-Qaradhawi in synthesizing the two approaches in the context of understanding the Sunnah. Through interpretive analysis methods, this article finds that the methodology of understanding the Sunnah initiated by al-Qaradhawi on the one hand is moderate because it seeks to mediate the two 'excessive' sides of the textual and contextual approaches, and at the same time is comprehensive because linking the demand of interpreting the Sunnah to the broader methodological principles

Model Penafsiran Kontemporer: Kajian Epistemologis terhadap al-Tafsîr al-Wasîț li-al-Qur’ân al-Karîm

  Tafsir in the contemporary era is required to be able to present the instructions of the Qur'an dynamically in order to answer the challenges of the times. In order to fulfill this need, quite a few contemporary commentators have tried to compose their interpretations with a style, approach and method that are different from classical interpretations. Al-Tafsi>r al-Wasi>t} li-al-Qur'a>n al-Kari>mby Muh}ammad Sayyid T{ant}a>wi>is one of the tafsi>r works written to meet this need. This article does not agree with the view that considers contemporary tafsir as a genre of interpretation that has its own epistemological distinction, but supports the opinion that understands contemporary tafsir openly as tafsir works written in the present with its various genres. Using qualitative methods and an interpretive approach, this article shows that al-Tafsi>r al-Wasi>t}is a contemporary commentary of the Qur’a>n written to respond to various problems in today's life. Its tafsir epistemology is based on three main principles, those are presenting the exegesis in an easy way to understand; integration between narrated tradition  and reason; and orientation towards solving contemporary problems. Even though it relies on traditional tafsir methodology, this tafsir is relatively capable of presenting flexibleinterpretations related to certain contemporary issues, without negating commonly agreed principles (al-qat}‘iyya>t)

Principles of a Modern Qur’an Interpretation: Muhammad Abduh’s Reformation on the Methodology Reform of Qur’an Interpretation

The Qur’an is the source of the Islam teachings which has an absolute nature, while the tafsir of Qur’an is relative in nature. The mufasirs (interpreters) interpret the Qur’an in accordance to their educational background and capacity of knowledge. As the result, there are books of tafsir (interpretation) which have a tendency in certain areas. Based on the paradigm, Muhammad Abduh argues that the interpretation of Quran needs to be updated so that the guidance of the Quran illuminates the life of mankind. The research purposes: 1. To prove whether it is true that Abduh’s renewal originates from the tafsir methodology? 2. To know how his reformation in understanding the Qur’an is. 3. To know what his method is based on. Research methods used are normative doctrinal and descriptive analysis, because this research is concerned with theoretic aspects i.e. the tafsir theories. This research shows that Muhammad Abduh’s reformation on the methodology of the Qur’an interpretation is essentially based on modern rationalism. He pursues this way in order to make the Qur’an as the guideline to meet the demands of modernity faced by Muslims. For doing so, this modern method should be based on several principles: 1) The Qur’an is the primary source of Islamic dogmas; 2) The Quran is absolute and universal; 3) Reason is the primary means to understand the Qur’an, so rationality becomes the measure of the truth; 4) Very selective in interpreting verses with prophetic tradition (Hadith); 5) the main function of the Qur’an is as the guidance for mankinds

Fenomena Wahyu Al-Quran

Some Western scholars argue that the Qur’an is a historical text that reflects Muḥammad’s reflection on the socio-cultural dynamics of seventh-century Arab society. In the hands of several modern Muslim scholars, the assumption of the historicity of the Qur’an is used as a basis for contextual reinterpretation, although in general they still acknowledge its divinity. This paper intends to conceptualize the phenomenon of Qur’anic revelation through an analysis of the chronology of its revelation as explained in sīrah nabawiyyah. Through this analysis, it can be concluded that the process of Qur’anic revelation was external, did not originate from the Prophet Muhammad’s idea. Its revelation is a transcendent process as well as the concept of revelation understood in every religious tradition, even though it is intended for human benefit. The assumption of the historicity of Qur’anic revelation does not get strong support from sīrah’s data