Food security and import substitution: major strategic objectives of contemporary agricultural policy

Rural areas and the agricultural sector are currently experiencing a radically new social and economic situation which barely fits the existing national agricultural policy as a long-term instrument for stimulating the agri-food market and government’s support of the agrarian sector and, primarily, agriculture that underlies it. In the age of globalization of national agri-food markets, food supply security based on import substitution can be ensured in a macro-economic environment that favors the development of a competitive agricultural industry. The main factor preventing the industry from developing is the unequal inter-industrial exchange biased against the rural economy. The article proposes the author’s simple tried and tested schema for evaluating how inter-industry pricing relationships and governmental financial support (in the form of subsidies) to agricultural organizations affect their margins. The evaluation leads to the following conclusions: – Given its real contribution to the national economy, the agro-industry is self-sufficient for its own development, i.e. the state objectively has the potential to increase its expenses on the elimination of the negative consequences from an unequal inter-industry exchange; – Federal expenditures on such state support must secure a margin for agricultural goods producers that enables stimuli for workers’ efficiency and an affordable credit system for the technical and technological upgrade of the facilities required for the production of competitive goods; – The issues of competitive growth of agricultural products require solutions primarily on a federal scale. An essential factor of competitive growth of individual types of national food and agricultural raw materials should involve science proven EEU agricultural treaties. The article discusses the major priorities in developing a common agricultural policy in the new integration institution

Antibodies raised against a Sunn bug (Eurygaster integriceps Put.) recombinant protease, rGHP3p2, can inhibit gluten‐hydrolyzing activity

Sunn pest or Sunn bug, Eurygaster integriceps Put., salivary gland proteases are responsible for the deterioration of wheat flour quality during dough mixing, resulting from gluten hydrolysis. These proteases are highly heterogeneous and show low sensitivity to most types of proteinaceous inhibitors, meaning that such inhibitors cannot be used to prevent gluten damage. The present study describes the generation of a specific peptide antibody, raised against the active center of the recombinant gluten-hydrolyzing protease (GHP3). The recombinant protein, encoding two repeats of the GHP3 sequence element involved in forming the S4 pocket and binding of substrate at position P4, was designed and expressed in Escherichia coli. The antibodies raised to this recombinant protein showed inhibitory activity against the GHP3 protease. The results indicate that it is possible to design specific antibodies to inhibit wheat-bug gluten-hydrolyzing proteases

Conducting Professional Skill Competitions Taking Into Account Worldskills Standards

В статье представлен вариант решения вопроса повышения качества проведения конкурсов профессионального мастерства. Рассмотрены примеры заданий и критерии их оценки.The article presents a solution to the problem of improving the quality of professional skills competitions. Examples of tasks and criteria for their evaluation are considered

Use of temporary gas flow to improve the efficiency of metallurgical units operation

This paper presents the results of industrial tests on dust deposition due to the use of an unsteady gas flow. JSC SUMZ (Revda) applied the technology with the use of acoustic radiators to organize in-furnace dust deposition at Vanyukov furnace. The design of the radiator included a nozzle pipe, air nozzle, resonator and focusing surface. Based on the surface area of the furnace molten pool and recommended specific acoustic power values for in-furnace dust condensing, the total acoustic field sound power was calculated. The optimal number and location of acoustic radiators was determined. The analysis of the data of industrial tests of the use of the acoustic field energy in the working space of the PZhV, as well as the results of tests on the converter No. 2 of JSC 'SUMZ', the cyclone of the firing multi-hearth furnace of JSC 'SVYATOGOR', the dust chamber of the Waelz furnace and cleaning of the heat exchange surfaces of the boiler on waste gases (JSC 'Chelyabinsk Zinc Plant'). © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

ВЛИЯНИЕ СИЛ ГРАВИТАЦИИ НА ПАРАМЕТРЫ ПАРОДИНАМИЧЕСКОГО ТЕРМОСИФОНА

The two-phase vapordynamic thermosyphon (VDT) is an efficient heat transfer device. Closed vapordynamic evaporative-condensation heat transfer cycle is realized inside it. Vapor pressure acts as a driving force for returning the liquid phase of working fluid to the condenser. The original design of the condenser and the evaporator of the VDT allows to transfer heat flow in horizontal direction to large (10–20 meters) distance. VDT can be used in heat exchangers of heat pumps, heat and cold accumulators of alternative energy sources and secondary energy sources for utilization. This article presents results of the experimental study and shows VDT heat transfer capability depending on the conditions of its work. For this purpose following VDT parameters were determined for different values of heat load and various drops between the thermosyphon evaporator and its condenser: the operating range of heat loads, maximum allowable thermosyphon angle of inclination, dependence of thermal resistance on the transmitted heat flow. The scheme of VDT is described and the methodology of the study is presented. Experimental data allows to conclude that high heat-transfer device working efficiency is achievable with heat loads between 300 and 1500 W and with vertical inclination angles up to 85 degrees. Двухфазный пародинамический термосифон (ПДТ) является эффективным теплопередающим устройством, в котором реализуется замкнутый испарительно-конденсационный цикл переноса тепла, причем движущей силой, обеспечивающей возврат жидкой фазы рабочего вещества в конденсатор, являются гравитационное поле и давление пара. Оригинальная конструкция конденсатора и испарителя ПДТ позволяет передавать тепло- вой поток в горизонтальном направлении на большие (10–20 м) расстояния. ПДТ можно использовать в теплообменниках тепловых насосов, предназначенных для утилизации альтернативных источников энергии и вторичных энергоресурсов. Представлены результаты экспериментального исследования теплопередающей способности ПДТ с протяженным испарителем. Определены основные параметры ПДТ при различных величинах тепловой нагрузки, изменениях перепада высот между испарителем и конденсатором. Установлены рабочий диапазон тепловых нагрузок и максимально допустимый угол наклона термосифона, при которых не нарушается его работоспособность. Определены термические сопротивления устройства для рабочего диапазона тепловых нагрузок. Описана схема экспериментальной установки и изложена методика проведенного исследования. Полученные данные позволяют сделать вывод об устойчивой работоспособности теплопередающего устройства в диапазоне тепловых нагрузок 300–1500 Вт при отклонении термосифона от вертикальной плоскости на угол до 85 град.

IMPROVING THE PROCESS OF TRANSPORTATION CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL PNEUMATIC TRANSPORT IN AN ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE

We consider a resource- and energy-saving technology to improving the transportation process carbonaceous materials pneumatically by using the energy of the acoustic field. The results of testing equipment to create a pneumatic flow modulation on an electric arc furnace, revealed the positive aspects of this technology.Рассмотрена ресурсо- и энергосберегающая технология совершенствования процесса транспортирования углеродсодержащих материалов пневмотранспортом за счет использования энергии акустического поля. Приведены результаты испытаний оборудования для создания модуляционного потока пневмотранспорта на дуговой сталеплавильной печи, выявлены положительные аспекты применения данной технологии

USE OF TECHNOLOGY OF BRIQUETTING FOR UTILIZATION OF MINERAL-COTTON WASTE

In work the possibility of use of technology of briquetting for utilization of mineral-cotton waste with use of carboniferous additive is shown. Thermal balances of the furnace with introduction to furnace charge of briquettes are calculated and changes of parameters of operation of the unit are analysed.В работе показана возможность применения технологии брикетирования для утилизации минераловатных отходов с применением углеродсодержащей добавки. Рассчитаны тепловые балансы печи с введением в шихту брикетов и проанализированы изменения параметров работы агрегата

Использование теплообменников на тепловых трубах для кондиционирования, в области пищевой промышленности и холодильной техники

Vapordynamic thermosyphon (VDT) is an efficient heat-transfer device. The two-phase flow generation and dynamic interaction between the liquid slugs and vapor bubbles in the annular mini-channel of the VDT condenser are the main features of such thermosyphon, which allow increasing its thermodynamic efficiency. They can transfer heat flow in horizontal position over a long distance. The condenser is nearly isothermal with the length of tens of meters. The VDT evaporators may have different forms. Some practical applications of VDT are considered.Пародинамический термосифон (ПДТ) - эффективное теплопередающее устройство. Главные отличительные особенности таких термосифонов - образование двухфазного потока и динамическое взаимодействие жидкостных «снарядов» и пузырей пара в кольцевом мини-канале конденсатора ПДТ, что существенно повышает термодинамическую эффективность устройства. ПДТ способны передавать тепловой поток в горизонтальном направлении на большие расстояния. Конденсаторы ПДТ могут иметь различную форму, их поверхность близка к изотермичной на длине в десятки метров. Рассмотрены примеры практического применения ПДТ