Analysis on Application of Traditional Architectural Elements in Modern Architectural Design

In modern architectural design, the scientific use and development of Chinese traditional architectural elements is an issue studied in-depth by every building designer. Exploration is made from the application of humanity concept in traditional Chinese architectural culture. The traditional architectural space design applications, the use of traditional architecture symbols, traditional architectural elements applications and other aspects, have important significance to implant traditional Chinese architectural elements into the development of modern architecture

Interaction of Sedlin with chloride intracellular channel proteins

AbstractSedlin is an evolutionarily conserved protein encoded by the causative gene SEDL for spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda. Nevertheless, how Sedlin mutations cause the disease remains unknown. Here, the intracellular chloride channel protein CLIC1 was shown to associate with Sedlin by yeast two-hybrid screening. Green fluorescence protein-CLIC1 readily co-immunoprecipitated with FLAG-Sedlin. In addition, both proteins colocalized extensively in cytoplasmic vesicular/reticular structures in COS-7 cells, suggesting their interaction at intracellular membranous organelles. Sedlin also associated with CLIC2 in yeast two-hybrid assays. The link between Sedlin and the intracellular chloride channels is the first step to understand their functional interplays

On The Leakage and Rotordynamic Force Coefficients of Pump Annular Seals Operating with Air/Oil Mixtures: Measurements and Predictions

LecturesIn the subsea oil and gas industry, multiphase pumps and wet gas compressors add pressure to the process fluid thus enabling long distance tie back system that eliminates topside facilities such as an oil and gas separation station. One challenge to construct a reliable multiphase pump or a wet gas compressor is to engineer their ability to withstand a gas-liquid mixture whose gas volume fraction (GVF) or liquid volume fraction (LVF) changes over time. The mixture GVF or LVF affects the static and dynamic forced performance of secondary flow components, namely seals, and which may lead to an increase in both rotor lateral or axial vibrations. The lecture presents measurements of leakage and dynamic force coefficients for six annular seals (see Fig. 1, L = 46 mm, D = 127 mm) for multiple-stage submersible pumps and operating with an air in oil mixture ranging from pure liquid to just air. Each seal has a distinct clearance configuration: one is a plain seal with a small clearance (c=0.203 mm), and another has a larger (worn) clearance (c=0.274 mm); a third seal introduces a wavy clearance (cm= 0.191 mm) that produces a significant centering stiffness; a fourth seal has a shallow groove pattern (cr=0.211); and the fifth seals have a stepped clearance (narrow to wide and wide to narrow). At a shaft speed of 3.5 krpm, an air in ISO VG 10 oil mixture with an inlet GVF varying discretely from 0 to 0.9 feeds a test seal at a supply pressure Ps of 2.5 bar(a). The test mixture mass flow rate decreases continuously with an increase in the inlet GVF. The seals Copyright© 2018 by Turbomachinery Laboratory, Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station 2 operating with a pure liquid (GVF=0) show frequency independent force coefficients. On the other hand, operation with a mixture produces direct and cross-coupled stiffnesses that vary greatly with frequency, in particular the direct stiffness hardens with excitation frequency. The direct damping coefficients, on the other hand, are not functions of excitation frequency, albeit dropping rapidly in magnitude as the GVF increases. The lecture details comparisons of leakage and force coefficients among the various test seals. The three-wave seal produces the greatest direct stiffness and damping coefficients, as well as the largest effective damping coefficient. The worn surface (largest clearance) seal produces the smallest force coefficients and leaks the most. Operation with a large GVF produces little damping, albeit more than predicted. For all the test seals, the whirl frequency ratio is around 50%. The step clearance seal (with the narrow clearance facing the incoming flow produces a significant negative direct stiffness that could easily impact the static stability of a pump as it reduces its natural frequency. Predictions of seal force coefficients derived from a homogeneous bulk flow match well with the test data for operation with a pure oil and a small GVF ~ 0.2. The discrepancy between the prediction and test data grows rapidly for operation with a larger gas content, GVF > 0.2. Hence, more accurate predictive models are in urgent need of development. The experimental results reveal the best characteristics of certain annular seal configurations, thus aiding to better design and understand the operation of centrifugal pumps handing multiple-phase flows

Leakage and Force Coefficients for Pump Annular Seals Operating With Air/Oil Mixtures: Measurements Vs Predictions and Air Injection to Increase Seal Dynamic Stiffness

LectureThe lecture presents measurements of leakage and dynamic force coefficients for six annular seals operating with an air in oil mixture ranging from pure liquid to just air. Each seal has a distinct clearance configuration: one is a plain seal with a small clearance, and another has a larger (worn) clearance ; a third seal introduces a wavy clearance that produces a significant centering stiffness; a fourth seal has a shallow groove pattern ; and the fifth and sixth seals have a stepped clearance (narrow to wide and wide to narrow). The tests in a plain seal supplied with gas injection (GVF~0?0.6) in the oil stream demonstrate the seal recovers its dynamic stiffness, hence its usage to recover rotor stability. Air injection into a liquid stream drops the mixture sound speed to make it highly compressible; hence the hardening of the seal direct stiffness

2D-PIV Experimental Study on the Air Distribution with Natural Convection Effect of Passengers in an Air Cabin Mockup

AbstractMany previous studies have mentioned the critical effect of natural convection caused by passengers heat transfer on the air distribution inside the air cabins, but No study focused on it to make a further experimental or numerical analysis. In fact, the air flow field inside the air cabin with narrow interior space and passengers seated intensively is the result of interaction between natural convection from the passengers and forced convection from the supply air diffusers, including the air jet which plays the most essential part on the flow pattern. This study has measured the air flow jet in a 7-row cabin mockup with 2D-PIV (two dimension Particle Image Velocity) measurement system, and to make comparison of the air jet under isothermal and cooling conditions to analyze qualitatively the impact of natural convection inside the cabin mockup, which is to increase the air jet entrainment and weaken the attaching effect which can also enhance the velocity distribution uniformity. With the variety of air flow volume in a reasonable range of design parameters, we measured the different air velocity fields to quantify the effects of natural convection on the air jet. It can be concluded that the air jet decay rate becomes slower with the enhancement of natural convection

Simulation of local head loss of drip-irrigation tape with integrated in-line emitters as a function of cross section

Aim of study: To investigate how the cross section of a drip-irrigation tape affects local head loss.Area of study: The work was carried out in the laboratory of Irrigation hydraulics, College of Water Conservancy and Environment, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei province.Material and methods: Tapes with six different wall thicknesses were studied experimentally to determine the relationship between cross-section deformation, wall thickness, and pressure. Based on the experimental results, we determined the factors that influence local head loss in drip-irrigation tapes by numerical simulation and dimensional analysis.Main results: The cross-sectional shape of the drip-irrigation tape varied with pressure: under low pressure, the cross section was nearly elliptical. The cross-sectional shape of the tape strongly influenced the local head loss, which was inversely proportional to the 0.867th power of the flattening coefficient of the drip irrigation tape. We expressed the local head loss of a drip-irrigation tape equipped with integrated in-line emitters by considering the deformation of the cross section. Under the conditions used in this study, when the cross section is circular, the ratio of local head loss to frictional head loss was about 10% but, when the cross section is elliptical, this ratio increased to 15%.Research highlights: The shape of the cross section of a drip-irrigation tape is nearly elliptical under low pressure. Local head loss is inversely proportional to the 0.867th power of that is the flatting coefficient of the drip-irrigation tape. Local head loss is about 1.5 times for elliptical tape than circular tape