MONITORING CROP GROWTH STATUS BASED ON OPTICAL SENSOR

Abstract: In order to detect the growth status and predict the yield of the crop, crop growth monitor measuring nitrogen content in the plant is developed based on optical principle. The monitor measures the spectral reflectance of the plant canopy at the 610 nm and 1220 nm wavebands, and then calculates the nitrogen content in the plant with the measured data. The field test was carried out to evaluate performance of the monitor. A portable multi-spectral radiometer named Crop Scan was used to measure the reflectance as a reference instrument. The result shows that the leaf reflectance measured by the monitor has a close linear correlation with that measured by Crop Scan at the 610 nm waveband (R2 = 0.7604), but the correlation between them is needed to be improved at the 1220 nm waveband. The hardware and the software of the monitor are also explained in detail. It is still need to be improved to satisfy the demand of ground-based remote sensing in precision farming

Identification and validation of NAD+ metabolism-related biomarkers in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy

BackgroundThe mechanism of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+) metabolism-related genes (NMRGs) in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is unclear. This study aimed to find new NMRGs biomarkers in DPN.MethodsDPN related datasets GSE95849 and GSE185011 were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. 51 NMRGs were collected from a previous article. To explore NMRGs expression in DPN and control samples, differential expression analysis was completed in GSE95849 to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and the intersection of DEGs and NMRGs was regarded as DE-NMRGs. Next, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network based on DE-NMRGs was constructed and biomarkers were screened by eight algorithms. Additionally, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) enrichment analysis was completed, biomarker-based column line graphs were constructed, lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA and competing endogenouse (ce) RNA networks were constructed, and drug prediction was completed. Finally, biomarkers expression validation was completed in GSE95849 and GSE185011.Results5217 DEGs were obtained from GSE95849 and 21 overlapping genes of DEGs and NMRGs were DE-NMRGs. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that DE-NMRGs were associated with glycosyl compound metabolic process. The PPI network contained 93 protein-interaction pairs and 21 nodes, with strong interactions between NMNAT1 and NAMPT, NADK and NMNAT3, ENPP3 and NUDT12 as biomarkers based on 8 algorithms. Expression validation suggested that ENPP3 and NUDT12 were upregulated in DPN samples (P < 0.05). Moreover, an alignment diagram with good diagnostic efficacy based on ENPP3 and NUDT12 were identified was constructed. GSEA suggested that ENPP3 was enriched in Toll like receptor (TLR) pathway, NUDT12 was enriched in maturity onset diabetes of the young and insulin pathway. Furthermore, 18 potential miRNAs and 36 Transcription factors (TFs) were predicted and the miRNA-mRNA-TF networks were constructed, suggesting that ENPP3 might regulate hsa-miR-34a-5p by affecting MYNN. The ceRNA network suggested that XLOC_013024 might regulate hsa-let-7b-5p by affecting NUDT12. 15 drugs were predicted, with 8 drugs affecting NUDT12 such as resveratrol, and 13 drugs affecting ENPP3 such as troglitazone.ConclusionENPP3 and NUDT12 might play key roles in DPN, which provides reference for further research on DPN

Light-induced picosecond rotational disordering of the inorganic sublattice in hybrid perovskites.

Femtosecond resolution electron scattering techniques are applied to resolve the first atomic-scale steps following absorption of a photon in the prototypical hybrid perovskite methylammonium lead iodide. Following above-gap photoexcitation, we directly resolve the transfer of energy from hot carriers to the lattice by recording changes in the mean square atomic displacements on 10-ps time scales. Measurements of the time-dependent pair distribution function show an unexpected broadening of the iodine-iodine correlation function while preserving the Pb-I distance. This indicates the formation of a rotationally disordered halide octahedral structure developing on picosecond time scales. This work shows the important role of light-induced structural deformations within the inorganic sublattice in elucidating the unique optoelectronic functionality exhibited by hybrid perovskites and provides new understanding of hot carrier-lattice interactions, which fundamentally determine solar cell efficiencies

Concurrent probing of electron-lattice dephasing induced by photoexcitation in 1T-TaSeTe using ultrafast electron diffraction

It has been technically challenging to concurrently probe the electrons and the lattices in materials during non-equilibrium processes, allowing their correlations to be determined. Here, in a single set of ultrafast electron diffraction patterns taken on the charge-density-wave (CDW) material 1T-TaSeTe, we discover a temporal shift in the diffraction intensity measurements as a function of scattering angle. With the help of dynamic models and theoretical calculations, we show that the ultrafast electrons probe both the valence-electron and lattice dynamic processes, resulting in the temporal shift measurements. Our results demonstrate unambiguously that the CDW is not merely a result of the periodic lattice deformation ever-present in 1T-TaSeTe but has significant electronic origin. This method demonstrates a novel approach for studying many quantum effects that arise from electron-lattice dephasing in molecules and crystals for next-generation devices.Comment: 13 pages and 4 figures in main tex

Non-Ischemic, Non-Hypoxic Myocardial Injury, and Long-Term Mortality in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Cardiac damage is commonly reported in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) but its prevalence and impact on the long-term survival of patients remain uncertain. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of myocardial injury and assess its prognostic value in patients with COVID-19. A single-center, retrospective cohort study was performed at the Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University. Data from 766 patients with confirmed COVID-19 who were hospitalized from December 27, 2019 to April 25, 2020 were collected. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, electrocardiogram, treatment data and all-cause mortality during follow-up were collected and analyzed. Of the 766 patients with moderate to critically ill COVID-19, 86 (11.2%) died after a mean follow-up of 72.8 days. Myocardial injury occurred in 94 (12.3%) patients. The mortality rate was 64.9% (61/94) and 3.7% (25/672) in patients with and without myocardial injury, respectively. Cox regression showed that myocardial injury was an independent risk factor for mortality (hazard ratio: 8.76, 95% confidence interval: 4.76-16.11,    0.001). Of the 90 patients with myocardial injury with electrocardiogram results, sinus tachycardia was present in 29, bundle branch block in 26, low voltage in 10, and abnormal T-wave in 53. COVID-19 not only involves pneumonia but also cardiac damage. Myocardial injury is a common complication and an independent risk factor for mortality in COVID-19 patients

Imaging CF\u3csub\u3e3\u3c/sub\u3eI conical intersection and photodissociation dynamics with ultrafast electron diffraction

Conical intersections play a critical role in excited-state dynamics of polyatomic molecules because they govern the reaction pathways of many nonadiabatic processes. However, ultrafast probes have lacked sufficient spatial resolution to image wave-packet trajectories through these intersections directly. Here, we present the simultaneous experimental characterization of one-photon and two-photon excitation channels in isolated CF3I molecules using ultrafast gas-phase electron diffraction. In the two-photon channel, we have mapped out the real-space trajectories of a coherent nuclear wave packet, which bifurcates onto two potential energy surfaces when passing through a conical intersection. In the one-photon channel, we have resolved excitation of both the umbrella and the breathing vibrational modes in the CF3 fragment in multiple nuclear dimensions. These findings benchmark and validate ab initio nonadiabatic dynamics calculations. Includes supplementary materials. Movie S1 attached below

Vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 in patients with pulmonary hypertension: a national prospective cohort study

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has potential risks for both clinically worsening pulmonary hypertension (PH) and increasing mortality. However, the data regarding the protective role of vaccination in this population are still lacking. This study aimed to assess the safety of approved vaccination for patients with PH. Methods: In this national prospective cohort study, patients diagnosed with PH (World Health Organization [WHO] groups 1 and 4) were enrolled from October 2021 to April 2022. The primary outcome was the composite of PH-related major adverse events. We used an inverse probability weighting (IPW) approach to control for possible confounding factors in the baseline characteristics of patients. Results: In total, 706 patients with PH participated in this study (mean age, 40.3 years; mean duration after diagnosis of PH, 8.2 years). All patients received standardized treatment for PH in accordance with guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of PH in China. Among them, 278 patients did not receive vaccination, whereas 428 patients completed the vaccination series. None of the participants were infected with COVID-19 during our study period. Overall, 398 patients received inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine, whereas 30 received recombinant protein subunit vaccine. After adjusting for baseline covariates using the IPW approach, the odds of any adverse events due to PH in the vaccinated group did not statistically significantly increase (27/428 [6.3%] vs. 24/278 [8.6%], odds ratio = 0.72, P = 0.302). Approximately half of the vaccinated patients reported at least one post-vaccination side effects, most of which were mild, including pain at the injection site (159/428, 37.1%), fever (11/428, 2.6%), and fatigue (26/428, 6.1%). Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccination did not significantly augment the PH-related major adverse events for patients with WHO groups 1 and 4 PH, although there were some tolerable side effects. A large-scale randomized controlled trial is warranted to confirm this finding. The final approval of the COVID-19 vaccination for patients with PH as a public health strategy is promising

Relationship Management Capability and Service Innovation Performance: The Joint-Effect of Relationship Learning and Competitive Intensity

Relationship management capability is a significant factor in promoting a firm’s service innovation performance. Although there is a rich body of study on the role of relationship management capability in performance of firms, scant attention has been paid to the joint effect of relationship learning and competitive intensity. Drawing on the service innovation, network capability and relationship learning theories, this paper establishes a relevant conceptual model, and adopts a hierarchical regression analysis to examine the model with a data set of 298 firms from China. Results show that relationship management capability positively affects the service innovation performance of firms; however, relationship learning partially negatively moderates the relationship between relationship management capability and service innovation performance. The three-way interaction effects of relationship management capability, relationship learning and competitive intensity are partially significant. This paper extends the existing literature on service innovation, network capabilities and relational learning in a service-centered economy. The findings further clarify the process mechanism of the impact of relational management capabilities on enterprise service innovation performance, and should help enterprises utilize relational learning and competitive intensity to break through resource limitations rapidly. The paper offers some enlightenment on promoting service innovation

Relationship Management Capability and Service Innovation Performance: The Joint-Effect of Relationship Learning and Competitive Intensity

Relationship management capability is a significant factor in promoting a firm’s service innovation performance. Although there is a rich body of study on the role of relationship management capability in performance of firms, scant attention has been paid to the joint effect of relationship learning and competitive intensity. Drawing on the service innovation, network capability and relationship learning theories, this paper establishes a relevant conceptual model, and adopts a hierarchical regression analysis to examine the model with a data set of 298 firms from China. Results show that relationship management capability positively affects the service innovation performance of firms; however, relationship learning partially negatively moderates the relationship between relationship management capability and service innovation performance. The three-way interaction effects of relationship management capability, relationship learning and competitive intensity are partially significant. This paper extends the existing literature on service innovation, network capabilities and relational learning in a service-centered economy. The findings further clarify the process mechanism of the impact of relational management capabilities on enterprise service innovation performance, and should help enterprises utilize relational learning and competitive intensity to break through resource limitations rapidly. The paper offers some enlightenment on promoting service innovation