Activity Analysis, Summarization, and Visualization for Indoor Human Activity Monitoring

DOI 10.1109/TCSVT.2008.2005612In this work, we study how continuous video monitoring and intelligent video processing can be used in eldercare to assist the independent living of elders and to improve the efficiency of eldercare practice. More specifically, we develop an automated activity analysis and summarization for eldercare video monitoring. At the object level, we construct an advanced silhouette extraction, human detection and tracking algorithm for indoor environments. At the feature level, we develop an adaptive learning method to estimate the physical location and moving speed of a person from a single camera view without calibration. At the action level, we explore hierarchical decision tree and dimension reduction methods for human action recognition. We extract important ADL (activities of daily living) statistics for automated functional assessment. To test and evaluate the proposed algorithms and methods, we deploy the camera system in a real living environment for about a month and have collected more than 200 hours (in excess of 600 G bytes) of activity monitoring videos. Our extensive tests over these massive video datasets demonstrate that the proposed automated activity analysis system is very efficient.This work was supported in part by National Institute of Health under Grant 5R21AG026412

How to Quickly Cast off Poverty in Poverty-stricken Mountainous Areas Relying on the "Whole Village Advancement" Model?

We carry out a field survey on the implementation of the "Whole Village Advancement" poverty alleviation model in Lisizhuang Village, Shunping County, Hebei Province. Based on the "Whole Village Advancement" poverty alleviation model, we put forth the following recommendations: (i) Oriented by the market, fostering the function of "blood-refreshing"; (ii) Strengthening the new ideas of using projects to attract investment; (iii) Implementing the new strategy of "driven by the able person"; (iv) Improving the farmers' quality; (v) Adhering to the diversification of financing channels

Can Market-Oriented Reform of Agricultural Subsidies Promote the Growth of Agricultural Green Total Factor Productivity? Empirical Evidence from Maize in China

Green agriculture is the future of agricultural development. However, there has been little attention paid to the relationship between market-oriented reform of agricultural subsidies and green agricultural development. Based on the quasi-natural experiment of China’s maize purchasing and storage policy reform (MPSR), this paper studied the impact of agricultural subsidy market-oriented reform on agricultural green development from the perspective of green total factor productivity using the difference-in-difference model. The results showed that the green total factor productivity (MGTFP) of maize in China from 2010 to 2020 presented an upward trend with an average annual growth rate of 0.70%, which mainly depended on the contribution of green technical progress in maize. MPSR could promote the improvement of MGTFP, but the result had a hysteresis effect. In addition, MPSR had a significant promoting effect on green technical change but had no significant impact on green technical efficiency. The policy implication of this paper is that developing countries should actively promote the market-oriented reform of agricultural subsidies to promote green agricultural development

Elimination kinetics of ceftiofur hydrochloride in milk after an 8-day extended intramammary administration in healthy and infected cows.

Ceftiofur hydrochloride (CEF) is occasionally used for the intramammary (IMM) treatment of mastitis. This extralabel manner could result in a drug-residue violation of the milk. The objective of this study was to determine the elimination kinetics of IMM CEF in lactating dairy cattle. The pharmacokinetic profile of CEF after repeated IMM administration in nine healthy cows and nine Staphylococcus aureus infected cows was investigated, alongside determining the MICs of Staph. aureus field strains. The MIC 90 value for CEF in Staph. aureus field strains (n = 31) was 0.25 μg/mL. The t >MIC CEF values for low- production quarters were longer than those for high- and mid- production quarters. The results showed that ceftiofur was detected in milk up to 108 h after the last infusion in both healthy and infected cows. Cows with low milk production eliminate IMM drugs more slowly than cows with higher production. Our findings suggest that this extralabel use is not encouraged and a prudent use is recommended for mastitis therapy. The use of CEF should be reserved for infections where susceptibility tests indicate its efficacy and when alternatives are not available

Identification markers of goat milk adulterated with bovine milk based on proteomics and metabolomics

This study investigated the differences in proteins and metabolites from goat and bovine milk, and their mixtures, using data-independent-acquisition-based proteomics and metabolomics methods. In the skim milk, relative abundances of secretoglobin family 1D member (SCGB1D), polymeric immunoglobulin receptor, and glycosylation-dependent cell adhesion molecule 1 were increased, with an increase in the amount of 1–100 % bovine milk and served as markers at the 1 % adulteration level. In whey samples, β-lactoglobulin and α-2-HS-glycoprotein could be used to detect adulteration at the 0.1 % adulteration level, and SCGB1D and zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein at the 1 % level. The metabolites of uric acid and N-formylkynurenine could be used to detect bovine milk at adulteration levels as low as 1 % based on variable importance at a projection value of > 1.0 and P-value of < 0.05. Our findings suggest novel markers of SCGB1D, uric acid, and N-formylkynurenine that can help to facilitate assessments of goat milk authenticity

Mean-serum concentration (±SD) in healthy (<i>n</i> = 3) and infected (<i>n</i> = 3) cows administered eight intramammary infusions of ceftiofur hydrochloride at a dose of 125 mg/quarter each 24 h.

<p>Arrows indicate time of daily infusion of ceftiofur into all four quarters.</p

Milk concentration in nine infected lactating cows' quarters with high (<i>n</i> = 10), mid (<i>n</i> = 10) and low (<i>n</i> = 11) production after eight infusions of ceftiofur hydrochloride at 24-h intervals, 125 mg/quarter, into all four quarters, plotted with MIC ₉₀ (0.25 μg/mL).

<p>Milk concentration in nine infected lactating cows' quarters with high (<i>n</i> = 10), mid (<i>n</i> = 10) and low (<i>n</i> = 11) production after eight infusions of ceftiofur hydrochloride at 24-h intervals, 125 mg/quarter, into all four quarters, plotted with MIC ₉₀ (0.25 μg/mL).</p