Effect of rolling process parameters on stability of rolling mill vibration with nonlinear friction

Friction-induced vibration is a typical self-excited phenomenon in the rolling process. Since its important industrial relevance, a rolling mill vertical-torsional-horizontal coupled vibration model with the consideration of the nonlinear friction has been established by coupling the dynamic rolling process model and the rolling mill structural model. Based on this model, the system stability domain is determined according to Hurwitz algebraic criterion. Subsequently, the Hopf bifurcation types at different bifurcation points are judged. Finally, the influences of rolling process parameters on the system stability domain are analyzed in detail. The results show that the critical boundaries of vertical vibration modal, horizontal vibration modal and torsional vibration modal will move with the change of rolling process parameters, and the system stability domain will change simultaneously. Among the parameters, the reduction ratio has the most significant effect on the stability of the system. And when rolling the thin strip, the system stability domain may be only enclosed by the critical boundaries of vertical vibration modal and torsional vibration modal. In that case, the system instability induced by horizontal vibration modal would not occur. The study is helpful for proposing a reasonable rolling process planning to reduce the possibility of vibration, as well as selecting an optimal rolling process parameter to design a controller to control the rolling mill vibration

End-to-end shared restoration in multi-domain networks / by Zhiying Gao.

Emerging multi-service data applications require high-bandwidth high-quality connectivity across multiple network domains, each of which is generally controlled by an independent service provider. These applications necessitate the need for highly intelligent survivable routing mechanisms to compute end-to-end paths and to perform functions of protection and bandwidth management across multiple domains. On the other hand, current protection and restoration mechanisms focus on the network survivability inside a single domain network. Powerful dynamic protection and restoration algorithms have been developed for single-domain networks. The majority of these algorithms are based on the exchange of detailed link-state information among the nodes, which makes them less attractive to networks with multiple domains where link-state information needs to be abstracted within each domain for efficiency and scalability reasons. To address this problem, we present two network information abstraction models designed to aggregate link-state information within each domain and only to advertise the aggregated information to other domains. The first abstraction model is referred to as virtual path abstraction model, with which every domain is abstracted as a set of border-nodes interconnected by virtual paths. The multi-domain network is then topologically aggregated to become a single-domain network, called virtual path network, which consists of border-nodes interconnected internally by virtual paths and externally by inter-domain links. The second abstraction model is referred to as virtual node model, with which every domain is modeled as a virtual node with a certain internal minimum capacity that can be advertised to other domains. The multi-domain network is then topologically aggregated to become a single-domain network, called virtual node network, consisting of virtual nodes interconnected by inter-domain links. We have designed and developed three distributed end-to-end shared restoration schemes based on the information abstraction models presented above. These three schemes are referred to as Link Disjointed Virtual Path (LDVP) restoration. Domain Disjointed Virtual Path (DDVP) restoration, and Link Disjointed Virtual Node (LDVN) restoration. The LDVP and LDVN schemes are designed to provide link diversity between the primary and backup paths of each demand, whereas the DDVP scheme is designed to compute a pair of domain-disjointed paths for the demand. We show that the proposed schemes are more scalable than the existing restoration schemes because they require less amount of link-state information to be advertised between the domains. This will reduce the routing message overhead and make the proposed schemes to be scalable to large multi-domain networks. We also evaluate the performance o f the proposed schemes in terms of capacity usage and restoration time through simulation experiments on two multi-domain networks; one is based on the NSF (National Science Foundation) network, and the other is based on the European Optical Network. The simulation results show that the proposed schemes save the backup bandwidth significantly because of the sharing of backup resources among failure-disjointed connections. The simulation results also show that the restoration time achieved by the proposed restoration schemes (over the multi-domain network) is around or less than 60 ms, which is within the range accepted in today’s networks

Rolling mill chatter mechanism based on the unsteady lubrication performance

The unsteady lubrication is one of the major causes for self-excited vibration in rolling. But it is difficult to build a rolling chatter model which considers the unsteady lubrication state in roll bite. Using the regression exponential function model of rolling friction coefficient, a dynamic rolling process model was built. Coupling the dynamic rolling process model with a mill stand structure model, a chatter model which considers the unsteady lubrication state at roll bite was established. Based on the proposed chatter model, the friction coefficient, rolling force and critical velocity of a rolling mill stand under different working conditions were calculated. The computed results were compared to the test results. And it proves the validity of the proposed model. With the proposed chatter model, the effects of rolling process parameters and emulsion lubricant characteristic parameters on friction coefficient and critical velocity were both analyzed and discussed. The chatter model successfully introduces the unsteady friction model into the rolling mill chatter model. It better explains the negative damping effect of the rolling chatter and reflects the rolling mill dynamic vibration characteristic

Activation of Orexin 1 Receptors in the Paraventricular Nucleus Contributes to the Development of Deoxycorticosterone Acetate-Salt Hypertension Through Regulation of Vasopressin

Salt-sensitivity is a major factor in the development of hypertension. The brain orexin system has been observed to play a role in numerous hypertensive animal models. However, orexin’s role in the pathology of salt-sensitive hypertension (SSH) remains to be adequately explored. We assessed the impact of orexin hyperactivity in the pathogenesis of the deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) – salt rat model, specifically through modulation of Arginine Vasopressin (AVP). Adult male rats were separated into three groups: vehicle control, DOCA-salt, and DOCA-salt+OX1R-shRNA. DOCA-salt rats received subcutaneous implantation of a 21-day release, 75 mg DOCA pellet in addition to saline drinking water (1% NaCl and 0.2% KCl). DOCA-salt+OX1R-shRNA rats received bilateral microinjection of AAV2-OX1R-shRNA into the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) to knockdown function of the Orexin 1-Receptor (OX1R) within that area. Following 2-week to allow full transgene expression, a DOCA pellet was administered in addition to saline drinking solution. Vehicle controls received sham DOCA implantation but were given normal water. During the 3-week DOCA-salt or sham treatment period, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were monitored utilizing tail-cuff plethysmography. Following the 3-week period, rat brains were collected for either PCR mRNA analysis, as well as immunostaining. Plasma samples were collected and subjected to ELISA analysis. In line with our hypothesis, OX1R expression was elevated in the PVN of DOCA-salt treated rats when compared to controls. Furthermore, following chronic knockdown of OX1R, the hypertension development normally induced by DOCA-salt treatment was significantly diminished in the DOCA-salt+OX1R-shRNA group. A concurrent reduction in PVN OX1R and AVP mRNA was observed in concert with the reduced blood pressure following AAV2-OX1R-shRNA treatment. Similarly, plasma AVP concentrations appeared to be reduced in the DOCA-salt+OX1R-shRNA group when compared to DOCA-salt rats. These results indicate that orexin signaling, specifically through the OX1R in the PVN are critical for the onset and maintenance of hypertension in the DOCA-salt model. This relationship is mediated, at least in part, through orexin activation of AVP producing neurons, and the subsequent release of AVP into the periphery. Our results outline a promising mechanism underlying the development of SSH through interactions with the brain orexin system

Stability analysis of the rolling mill multiple-modal-coupling vibration under nonlinear friction

Considering the unstable oscillation in the rolling process caused by the lubrication conditions change, a dynamic rolling process model considering the nonlinear friction is built using the Bland-Ford-Hill rolling force model. In addition, based on the structure model which can characterize the coupling vibration of rolling mill, and taking the dynamic variations of rolling force and rolling torque as the feedback excitation, the rolling mill vertical-torsional-horizontal coupled dynamic model under nonlinear friction is established. On this basis, the system Hopf bifurcation points at different rolling speeds are calculated by Hurwitz algebraic criterion. And the system stability domain is determined by analyzing the eigenvalue of the system. Finally, using the parameters of a 2030 cold rolling mill, the correctness of the bifurcation point calculation and the stability domain analysis are verified by numerical simulation. The results show that the system stability domain is enclosed by the instability critical lines of vertical vibration modal, torsional vibration modal and horizontal vibration modal. And under different conditions, the system Hopf bifurcation induced by the variation of the friction coefficient can cause system instability with different vibration modals. The study can help to optimize the rolling process, and achieve a reasonable dynamic modification strategy of the rolling mill structure as well

Characterization of anti-leukemia components from Indigo naturalis using comprehensive two-dimensional K562/cell membrane chromatography and in silico target identification.

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been developed for thousands of years and has formed an integrated theoretical system based on a large amount of clinical practice. However, essential ingredients in TCM herbs have not been fully identified, and their precise mechanisms and targets are not elucidated. In this study, a new strategy combining comprehensive two-dimensional K562/cell membrane chromatographic system and in silico target identification was established to characterize active components from Indigo naturalis, a famous TCM herb that has been widely used for the treatment of leukemia in China, and their targets. Three active components, indirubin, tryptanthrin and isorhamnetin, were successfully characterized and their anti-leukemia effects were validated by cell viability and cell apoptosis assays. Isorhamnetin, with undefined cancer related targets, was selected for in silico target identification. Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase (Src) was identified as its membrane target and the dissociation constant (Kd) between Src and isorhamnetin was 3.81 μM. Furthermore, anti-leukemia effects of isorhamnetin were mediated by Src through inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest. The results demonstrated that the integrated strategy could efficiently characterize active components in TCM and their targets, which may bring a new light for a better understanding of the complex mechanism of herbal medicines

DREAMSeq: An Improved Method for Analyzing Differentially Expressed Genes in RNA-seq Data

RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) has become a widely used technology for analyzing global gene-expression changes during certain biological processes. It is generally acknowledged that RNA-seq data displays equidispersion and overdispersion characteristics; therefore, most RNA-seq analysis methods were developed based on a negative binomial model capable of capturing both equidispersed and overdispersed data. In this study, we reported that in addition to equidispersion and overdispersion, RNA-seq data also displays underdispersion characteristics that cannot be adequately captured by general RNA-seq analysis methods. Based on a double Poisson model capable of capturing all data characteristics, we developed a new RNA-seq analysis method (DREAMSeq). Comparison of DREAMSeq with five other frequently used RNA-seq analysis methods using simulated datasets showed that its performance was comparable to or exceeded that of other methods in terms of type I error rate, statistical power, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve, area under the ROC curve, precision-recall curve, and the ability to detect the number of differentially expressed genes, especially in situations involving underdispersion. These results were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction using a real Foxtail dataset. Our findings demonstrated DREAMSeq as a reliable, robust, and powerful new method for RNA-seq data mining. The DREAMSeq R package is available at http://tanglab.hebtu.edu.cn/tanglab/Home/DREAMSeq

Effect of rolling process parameters on stability of rolling mill vibration with nonlinear friction

Friction-induced vibration is a typical self-excited phenomenon in the rolling process. Since its important industrial relevance, a rolling mill vertical-torsional-horizontal coupled vibration model with the consideration of the nonlinear friction has been established by coupling the dynamic rolling process model and the rolling mill structural model. Based on this model, the system stability domain is determined according to Hurwitz algebraic criterion. Subsequently, the Hopf bifurcation types at different bifurcation points are judged. Finally, the influences of rolling process parameters on the system stability domain are analyzed in detail. The results show that the critical boundaries of vertical vibration modal, horizontal vibration modal and torsional vibration modal will move with the change of rolling process parameters, and the system stability domain will change simultaneously. Among the parameters, the reduction ratio has the most significant effect on the stability of the system. And when rolling the thin strip, the system stability domain may be only enclosed by the critical boundaries of vertical vibration modal and torsional vibration modal. In that case, the system instability induced by horizontal vibration modal would not occur. The study is helpful for proposing a reasonable rolling process planning to reduce the possibility of vibration, as well as selecting an optimal rolling process parameter to design a controller to control the rolling mill vibration