Three-Dimensional Passive Source Localisation using the Flank Array of an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle in Shallow Water

Researchers have become interested in autonomous underwater vehicles equipped with various kinds of sonar systems that can perform many of underwater tasks, which is encouraged by the potential benefits of cost reduction and flexible deployment. This paper proposes an approach to three-dimensional passive source localisation with the flank array of an autonomous underwater vehicle in shallow water. The approach is developed based on matched-field processing for the likelihood of passive source localisation in the shallow water environment. Inter-position processing is also used for the improved localisation performance and the enhanced stability of the estimation process against the lack of spatial gain due to the small physical size of the flank array. The proposed approach is presented and validated through simulation and experimental data. The results illustrate the localisation performance at different signal-to-noise ratios and demonstrate the build up over time of the positional parameters of the estimated source as the autonomous underwater vehicle cruises at a low speed along a straight line at a constant depth.Defence Science Journal, 2013, 63(3), pp.323-330, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.63.301

CETP抑制剤〔JTT-705〕による重症高コレステロール血症日本白色家兎の大動脈硬化進展に関する研究

取得学位 : 博士（医学）, 学位授与番号 : 医博甲第1554号, 学位授与年月日 : 平成14年12月31日, 学位授与大学 : 金沢大

An Analysis on the Effectiveness of 2 and 3 Terminal Capacitors in PDN Design

The Parasitic Inductance of a Capacitor Depends on its Physical Structure. Due to the Geometry of 3-Terminal Capacitors, They Boast a Lower Parasitic Inductance Compared to 2-Terminal Capacitors of the Same and Possibly Smaller Package Sizes. While the Parasitic Inductance of a Single 3-Terminal Capacitor May Be Lower, using Multiple 2-Terminal Capacitors May Result in Similar Performance. in This Work, the Inductance of 2-Terminal (0201, Nominal 2.2 UF) and 3-Terminal (0402, Nominal 4.3 UF) Capacitors is Extracted and Compared through Measurements. from Our De-Embedding Method and Characterized Capacitors, the Inductance of 2-Terminal Capacitors is Only About 20 PH Higher Than the Characterized 3terminal Capacitor. on a Power Net of a Real Product, 3-Terminal Capacitors of the Same Type as Characterized Were Replaced with 2-Terminal Capacitors of the Same Type as Characterized. from Measurement Results, the Measured Inductance at 100 MHz is Lower by Only About 3.45 PH, or 2.62%, When using 3-Terminal Capacitors

Role of apolipoprotein O in autophagy via the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in myocardial infarction

Objective: To explore the role and possible mechanisms of action of apolipoprotein O (APOO) in autophagy in Myocardial Infarction (MI) in vivo and in vitro. Methods: Differential gene expression and single Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were used to evaluate MI-related candidate genes. Animal and cell MI models were established. Sh-APOO, si-APOO, and SB203580 were used to inhibit the expression of APOO or p38MAPK. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to analyze the expression levels of the target protein or mRNA. Apoptosis was observed using the TUNEL assay. The plasma concentrations of CK-MB and cTn-I in humans and mice were determined. Results: In the GSE23294 dataset, APOO mRNA was highly expressed in the left ventricle of mice with MI; GSEA revealed that APOO was positively correlated with p38MAPK, autophagy, and apoptosis. The plasma concentration of APOO in patients with MI was significantly higher than that in healthy subjects. The expression of APOO, Beclin-1, LC3, and Bax in mouse and AC16 cell MI models increased, while the level of Bcl-2 decreased. After silencing the APOO gene, the expression of APOO was downregulated; meanwhile, changes in autophagy, apoptosis and myocardial cell injury were reversed in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, autophagy was alleviated after AC16 cells were treated with SB203580. Conclusions: The increased APOO expression in mouse and cell MI models may activate autophagy and apoptosis by regulating the p38MAPK signaling pathway, thus aggravating the myocardial injury

Carbon Footprint Assessment of Large-scale Pig Production System in Northern China: a Case Study

China raises 50% of the global live pigs. However, few studies on carbon footprint (CF) of large-scale pig production based on China’s actual production conditions have been carried out. In this study, life cycle assessment (LCA) method and actual production data of a typical large-scale pig farm in Northern China were used to assess greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions or CF associated with the whole process of pig production, including feed production (crop planting, feed processing, and transportation), enteric fermentation, manure management and energy consumption. The results showed a CF of 3.39 kg CO2-eq per kg of live market pig, and relative contributions of 55%, 28%, 13%, and 4% to the total CF by feed production, manure management, farm energy consumption, and enteric fermentation, respectively. Crop planting accounted for 66% of the feed production CF, while feed processing and transportation accounted for the remaining 34%. Long-distance transport of semi-raw feed materials caused by planting-feeding separation and over-fertilization in feed crop planting were two main reasons for the largest contribution of GHG emissions from feed production for the total CF. CF from nitrogen fertilizer application accounted for 33%-44% of crop planting, and contributed to 16% of the total CF. CF from transportation of feed ingredients accounted for 17% of the total CF. If the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used for producing the main feed ingredients is reduced from 209 kg/hm2 (for corn) and 216 kg/hm2 (for wheat) to 140 kg/hm2 (corn) and 180 kg/hm2 (wheat), respectively, the total CF would be reduced by 7%. If transportation distance for feed materials decreased from 325-493 km to 30 km, along with reducing the number of empty vehicles for the transport, total CF would be reduced by 18%. The combined CF mitigation potential for over-fertilization and transportation distance is 26%. In addition, use of pit storage – anaerobic digestion – lagoon practice can reduce GHG emissions from manure management by 76% as compared to the traditional pit storage – lagoon manure treatment method. This case study reveals the impact of planting-feeding separation and over-fertilization on CF of pig supply chain in China. Manure management practice of pit storage – anaerobic digestion – lagoon is much more conductive to reducing CF as compared to the traditional method of pit storage – lagoon