The Ability of Quantum Dots Formation in Thin Nanostructured Amorphous Films

In the last years an interest in field of quantum dots devices creating has been increased. In this work the nanocrystallite with Frank-Kasper structure was examined as the quantum dot in amorphous film. An ability to create all-inorganic Quantum Dots Light Emission Device may be considered for Tb 30 Fe 70 , Co 80 C 20 , Fe 86 Mn 13 C and Co 50 Pd 50 films. The self-organisation of atomic structure in Tb 30 Fe 70 , Co 80 C 20 , Fe 86 Mn 13 C and Co 50 Pd 50 films, which possess large values of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) constant (K ⊥ ~ 10 erg/cm ), were investigated by methods of electron diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, including the method of bend contours. The crystallization of the films proceeds in an explosive way forming different dissipative structures from initial nanocrystalline state. In previous works [2, 3] it was shown that after crystallization (Т ann ~ 260-330 °C) the atomic structures of Tb 30 Fe 70 , Co 80 C 20 , Fe 86 Mn 13 C and Co 50 Pd 50 films are tetrahedrally close-packed Frank-Kasper structures. In this work the structural model of thin film at mesoscale and its correlation with magnetic and optical properties is proposed.В последние годы большой интерес привлекают исследования, связанные с устройствами, работающими на квантовых точках. В данной статье нанокристаллиты со структурами Франка-Каспера исследованы как квантовые точки в аморфных пленках. Возможность создания эмиссионных устройств на полностью неорганических квантовых точках может быть рассмотрена для Co 80 C 20 , Tb 30 Fe 70 , Fe 86 Mn 13 C и Co 50 Pd 50 пленок. Самоорганизация атомнойструктуры Co 80 C 20 , Tb 30 Fe 70 , Fe 86 Mn 13 C и Co 50 Pd 50 в пленках, которые обладают высокими значениями константы, перпендикулярной магнитной анизотропии (ПМА) K ⊥ ~ 10 эрг/см , исследованы методами электронной дифракции и просвечивающей электронной микроскопии, включая метод изгибных контуров. Процессы взрывной кристаллизации аморфных пленок формируют различные диссипативные структуры из нанокристаллических зародышей. В предыдущих работах [2, 3] было показано, что после кристаллизации (Т отжига ~ 260-330 °C) атомная структура Tb 30 Fe 70 , Co 80 C 20 , Fe 86 Mn 13 C и Co 50 Pd 50 была определена как тетраэдрически плотно упакованная структура Франка Каспера. В этих работах структурные модели тонких пленок, созданные для микро-и мезомасштабов связываются с магнитными и оптическими свойствами пленок

ВЛИЯНИЕ СЕЛЕКТИВНОСТИ И ПЕРИОДА ПОЛУВЫВЕДЕНИЯ НЕСТЕРОИДНЫХ ПРОТИВОВОСПАЛИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПРЕПАРАТОВ НА РАЗВИТИЕ СУБКЛИНИЧЕСКОГО ПОРАЖЕНИЯ ПОЧЕК

Objective: to investigate the impact of the selectivity and half-life of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the development of subclinical kidney injury (SKI). A standard physical examination was made.Patients and methods. The study included 80 patients with a verified rheumatoid arthritis (RA) diagnosis. The patients filled in a specially designed questionnaire to explore a history of drug use. As markers of SKI, the investigators determined the concentrations of albumin, α1-microglobulin (α1-MG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in urine. A control group consisted of 20 apparently healthy individuals matched for age and gender.Results. 80 patients suffering from RA received drug therapy. Of them, 82.5% and 87.5% took NSAIDs and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, respectively. The levels of SKI markers were compared in three groups of the examinees: 1) NSAID-treated patients; 2) NSAID-untreated patients; 3) a control group. There were statistically significant differences between all the groups (p<0.05). Comparison of the levels of SKI markers revealed no statistically significant difference in the groups receiving selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors (n=18.6%), in those taking nonselective ones (n=68.6%), and the control group. Comparison of the levels of SKI markers demonstrated significantly higher >< 0.05). Comparison of the levels of SKI markers revealed no statistically significant difference in the groups receiving selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors (n=18.6%), in those taking nonselective ones (n=68.6%), and the control group. Comparison of the levels of SKI markers demonstrated significantly higher α1-MG levels in the long-acting NSAID groups (n=8.6%) than in the short-acting NSAID group (n=80%). ALT, ALP, and microalbuminuria showed a similar trend that failed to reach statistical significance.Conclusion: NSAIDs remain a group of medications with a certain nephrotoxic effect. At the same time, the design of selective COX-2 inhibitors has failed to solve the problem of nephrotoxicity. NSAIDs with long half-lives are characterized by greater nephrotoxicity. The available data provide preconditions for the more differentiated use of NSAIDs, particularly in patients with RA.Цель исследования – изучение влияния селективности и периода полувыведения нестероидных противовоспалительных препаратов (НПВП) на развитие субклинического поражения почек (СПП).Пациенты и методы. В исследование включено 80 пациентов с верифицированным диагнозом ревматоидного артрита (РА). Пациенты заполняли специально разработанную анкету для изучения лекарственного анамнеза. Проводилось стандартное общеклиническое обследование. В качестве маркеров СПП определяли концентрацию в моче альбумина, α1-микроглобулина (α1-МГ), аланинаминотрансферазы (АЛТ) и щелочной фосфатазы (ЩФ). Контрольную группу составили 20 практически здоровых испытуемых, сопоставимых по возрасту и полу.Результаты. Лекарственную терапию получали 80 пациентов, страдающих РА. Из них базисные противовоспалительные препараты принимали 82,5%, НПВП – 87,5%. Сравнивали уровень маркеров СПП в трех группах обследованных: в группе получавших НПВП, в группе не получавших НПВП и в группе контроля. Установлены статистически достоверные различия для всех групп (p<0,05). В результате сравнения уровня маркеров СПП в группах, получавших селективные (n=18,6%) и неселективные (n=68,6%) ингибиторы циклооксигеназы 2 (ЦОГ2), а также в группе контроля статистически достоверной разницы не выявлено. При сравнении уровня маркеров СПП в группах, получавших «длительноживущие» (n=8,6%) и «короткоживущие» (n=80%) НПВП, отмечено достоверное повышение уровня α1-МГ в группе пациентов, получавших «длительноживущие» НПВП, по сравне- нию с группой пациентов, принимавших «короткоживущие» НПВП. При оценке показателей АЛТ, ЩФ и микроальбуминурии вы- явлена похожая тенденция, однако не достигавшая статистической достоверности. Выводы. НПВП характеризуются определенным нефротоксическим эффектом. При этом разработка селективных ингибиторов ЦОГ2 не решила проблемы нефротоксичности. НПВП с длительным периодом полувыведения обладают большей нефротоксично- стью. Имеющиеся данные создают предпосылки для более дифференцированного использование НПВП, особенно у пациентов с РА. Ключевые слова: ревматоидный артрит; нестероидные противовоспалительные препараты; α1-микроглобулин; поражение почек.>< 0,05). В результате сравнения уровня маркеров СПП в группах, получавших селективные (n=18,6%) и неселективные (n=68,6%) ингибиторы циклооксигеназы 2 (ЦОГ2), а также в группе контроля статистически достоверной разницы не выявлено. При сравнении уровня маркеров СПП в группах, получавших «длительноживущие» (n=8,6%) и «короткоживущие» (n=80%) НПВП, отмечено достоверное повышение уровня α1-МГ в группе пациентов, получавших «длительноживущие» НПВП, по сравнению с группой пациентов, принимавших «короткоживущие» НПВП. При оценке показателей АЛТ, ЩФ и микроальбуминурии выявлена похожая тенденция, однако не достигавшая статистической достоверности.Выводы. НПВП характеризуются определенным нефротоксическим эффектом. При этом разработка селективных ингибиторов ЦОГ2 не решила проблемы нефротоксичности. НПВП с длительным периодом полувыведения обладают большей нефротоксичностью. Имеющиеся данные создают предпосылки для более дифференцированного использование НПВП, особенно у пациентов с РА.

Solid-state synthesis and characterization of ferromagnetic Mn5Ge3 nanoclusters in GeO/Mn thin films

Mn5Ge3 films are promising materials for spintronic applications due to their high spin polarization and a Curie temperature above room temperature. However, non-magnetic elements such as oxygen, carbon and nitrogen may unpredictably change the structural and magnetic properties of Mn5Ge3 films. Here, we use the solid-state reaction between Mn and GeO thin films to describe the synthesis and the structural and magnetic characterization of Mn5Ge3(Mn5Ge3Oy)-GeO2(GeOx) nanocomposite materials. Our results show that the synthesis of these nanocomposites starts at 180°С when the GeO decomposes into elemental germanium and oxygen and the resulting Ge atoms immediately migrate into the Mn layer to form ferromagnetic Mn5Ge3 nanoclusters. At the same time the oxygen atoms take part in the synthesis of GeOx and GeO2 oxides and also migrate into the Mn5Ge3 lattice to form Mn5Ge3Oy Nowotny nanoclusters. Magnetic analysis assumes the general nature of the Curie temperature increase in carbon-doped Mn5Ge3Cx and Mn5Ge3Oy films. Our findings prove that not only carbon, but oxygen may contribute to the increase of the saturation magnetization and Curie temperature of Mn5Ge3-based nanostructures

Case of changing intraoperative tactics about aneurysm of the root and the ascending part of the aorta

Сonsidering the cases of aneurysm of the root and ascending part of the aorta, they usually resort to replacing this area with a conduit with an artificial aortic valve, which significantly increases the risks of postoperative complications such as thrombosis. This paper describes a rare case of a change in intraoperative tactics due to the unusualness of the aneurysmal aortic root lesion.Рассматривая случаи аневризмы корня и восходящей части аорты обычно прибегают к замене это участка кондуитом с искусственным аортальным клапаном, что существенно повышает риски послеоперационных осложнений в виде тромбоза. В данной работе рассмотрен редкий случай смены интраоперационной тактики из-за необычности аневризматического поражения корня аорты

Direct results of surgery for patients with acute aortic dissection type A in FCCS named after S. G. Sukhanov

The article discusses the risk factors for acute aortic dissection type A, and methods of surgical treatment and immediate results.В статье рассмотрены факторы риска острого расслоения аорты типа А, а также способы хирургического лечения и непосредственные результаты

Exploration of neural correlates of movement intention based on characterisation of temporal dependencies in electroencephalography

Brain computer interfaces (BCIs) provide a direct communication channel by using brain signals, enabling patients with motor impairments to interact with external devices. Motion intention detection is useful for intuitive movement-based BCI as movement is the fundamental mode of interaction with the environment. The aim of this paper is to investigate the temporal dynamics of brain processes using electroencephalography (EEG) to explore novel neural correlates of motion intention. We investigate the changes in temporal dependencies of the EEG by characterising the decay of autocorrelation during asynchronous voluntary finger tapping movement. The evolution of the autocorrelation function is characterised by its relaxation time, which is used as a robust marker for motion intention. We observed that there was reorganisation of temporal dependencies in EEG during motion intention. The autocorrelation decayed slower during movement intention and faster during the resting state. There was an increase in temporal dependence during movement intention. The relaxation time of the autocorrelation function showed significant (p < 0.05) discrimination between movement and resting state with the mean sensitivity of 78.37 ± 8.83%. The relaxation time provides movement related information that is complementary to the well-known event-related desynchronisation (ERD) by characterising the broad band EEG dynamics which is frequency independent in contrast to ERD. It can also detect motion intention on average 0.51s before the actual movement onset. We have thoroughly compared autocorrelation relaxation time features with ERD in four frequency bands. The relaxation time may therefore, complement the well-known features used in motion-based BCI leading to more robust and intuitive BCI solutions. The results obtained suggest that changes in autocorrelation decay may involve reorganisation of temporal dependencies of brain activity over longer duration during motion intention. This opens the possibilities of investigating further the temporal dynamics of fundamental neural processes underpinning motion intention

Impact of renal impairment on atrial fibrillation: ESC-EHRA EORP-AF Long-Term General Registry

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and renal impairment share a bidirectional relationship with important pathophysiological interactions. We evaluated the impact of renal impairment in a contemporary cohort of patients with AF. Methods: We utilised the ESC-EHRA EORP-AF Long-Term General Registry. Outcomes were analysed according to renal function by CKD-EPI equation. The primary endpoint was a composite of thromboembolism, major bleeding, acute coronary syndrome and all-cause death. Secondary endpoints were each of these separately including ischaemic stroke, haemorrhagic event, intracranial haemorrhage, cardiovascular death and hospital admission. Results: A total of 9306 patients were included. The distribution of patients with no, mild, moderate and severe renal impairment at baseline were 16.9%, 49.3%, 30% and 3.8%, respectively. AF patients with impaired renal function were older, more likely to be females, had worse cardiac imaging parameters and multiple comorbidities. Among patients with an indication for anticoagulation, prescription of these agents was reduced in those with severe renal impairment, p&nbsp;&lt;.001. Over 24&nbsp;months, impaired renal function was associated with significantly greater incidence of the primary composite outcome and all secondary outcomes. Multivariable Cox regression analysis demonstrated an inverse relationship between eGFR and the primary outcome (HR 1.07 [95% CI, 1.01–1.14] per 10&nbsp;ml/min/1.73&nbsp;m2 decrease), that was most notable in patients with eGFR &lt;30&nbsp;ml/min/1.73&nbsp;m2 (HR 2.21 [95% CI, 1.23–3.99] compared to eGFR ≥90&nbsp;ml/min/1.73&nbsp;m2). Conclusion: A significant proportion of patients with AF suffer from concomitant renal impairment which impacts their overall management. Furthermore, renal impairment is an independent predictor of major adverse events including thromboembolism, major bleeding, acute coronary syndrome and all-cause death in patients with AF

Clinical complexity and impact of the ABC (Atrial fibrillation Better Care) pathway in patients with atrial fibrillation: a report from the ESC-EHRA EURObservational Research Programme in AF General Long-Term Registry

Background: Clinical complexity is increasingly prevalent among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The ‘Atrial fibrillation Better Care’ (ABC) pathway approach has been proposed to streamline a more holistic and integrated approach to AF care; however, there are limited data on its usefulness among clinically complex patients. We aim to determine the impact of ABC pathway in a contemporary cohort of clinically complex AF patients. Methods: From the ESC-EHRA EORP-AF General Long-Term Registry, we analysed clinically complex AF patients, defined as the presence of frailty, multimorbidity and/or polypharmacy. A K-medoids cluster analysis was performed to identify different groups of clinical complexity. The impact of an ABC-adherent approach on major outcomes was analysed through Cox-regression analyses and delay of event (DoE) analyses. Results: Among 9966 AF patients included, 8289 (83.1%) were clinically complex. Adherence to the ABC pathway in the clinically complex group reduced the risk of all-cause death (adjusted HR [aHR]: 0.72, 95%CI 0.58–0.91), major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs; aHR: 0.68, 95%CI 0.52–0.87) and composite outcome (aHR: 0.70, 95%CI: 0.58–0.85). Adherence to the ABC pathway was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of death (aHR: 0.74, 95%CI 0.56–0.98) and composite outcome (aHR: 0.76, 95%CI 0.60–0.96) also in the high-complexity cluster; similar trends were observed for MACEs. In DoE analyses, an ABC-adherent approach resulted in significant gains in event-free survival for all the outcomes investigated in clinically complex patients. Based on absolute risk reduction at 1 year of follow-up, the number needed to treat for ABC pathway adherence was 24 for all-cause death, 31 for MACEs and 20 for the composite outcome. Conclusions: An ABC-adherent approach reduces the risk of major outcomes in clinically complex AF patients. Ensuring adherence to the ABC pathway is essential to improve clinical outcomes among clinically complex AF patients

Impact of clinical phenotypes on management and outcomes in European atrial fibrillation patients: a report from the ESC-EHRA EURObservational Research Programme in AF (EORP-AF) General Long-Term Registry

Background: Epidemiological studies in atrial fibrillation (AF) illustrate that clinical complexity increase the risk of major adverse outcomes. We aimed to describe European AF patients\u2019 clinical phenotypes and analyse the differential clinical course. Methods: We performed a hierarchical cluster analysis based on Ward\u2019s Method and Squared Euclidean Distance using 22 clinical binary variables, identifying the optimal number of clusters. We investigated differences in clinical management, use of healthcare resources and outcomes in a cohort of European AF patients from a Europe-wide observational registry. Results: A total of 9363 were available for this analysis. We identified three clusters: Cluster 1 (n = 3634; 38.8%) characterized by older patients and prevalent non-cardiac comorbidities; Cluster 2 (n = 2774; 29.6%) characterized by younger patients with low prevalence of comorbidities; Cluster 3 (n = 2955;31.6%) characterized by patients\u2019 prevalent cardiovascular risk factors/comorbidities. Over a mean follow-up of 22.5 months, Cluster 3 had the highest rate of cardiovascular events, all-cause death, and the composite outcome (combining the previous two) compared to Cluster 1 and Cluster 2 (all P &lt;.001). An adjusted Cox regression showed that compared to Cluster 2, Cluster 3 (hazard ratio (HR) 2.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.27\u20133.62; HR 3.42, 95%CI 2.72\u20134.31; HR 2.79, 95%CI 2.32\u20133.35), and Cluster 1 (HR 1.88, 95%CI 1.48\u20132.38; HR 2.50, 95%CI 1.98\u20133.15; HR 2.09, 95%CI 1.74\u20132.51) reported a higher risk for the three outcomes respectively. Conclusions: In European AF patients, three main clusters were identified, differentiated by differential presence of comorbidities. Both non-cardiac and cardiac comorbidities clusters were found to be associated with an increased risk of major adverse outcomes