Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pengungkapan Tanggung Jawab Sosial

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi luasnya tingkat pengungkapan tanggung jawab sosial Perusahaan (Corporate Social Responsibility) dengan menguji pengaruh ukuran Perusahaan, profitabilitas, leverage, kepemilikan insti­tusional, ukuran dewan komisaris, ukuran dewan direksi, dan ukuran komite audit. Sampel yang digunakan adalah Perusahaan sektor pertambangan terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama 2010-2012. Data diperoleh dari laporan keuangan auditan dan laporan tahunan serta laporan keberlanjutan (sustainability report) jika ada. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi linear berganda. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ukuran Perusahaan dan komite audit memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap peng­ungkapan tanggung jawab sosial. Tidak ditemukan bukti pengaruh profitabilitas, leverage, kepemilikan institusional, ukuran dewan komisaris, dan ukuran dewan direksi terhadap terhadap pengungkapan tanggung jawab sosial

The Last April

<p>Parameter settings of virtual datasets.</p

How does the strength of ties influence relationship quality in Chinese megaprojects? The mediating role of contractual flexibility

Purpose: This study aims to explore the influence of the strength of ties (strong ties and weak ties) on contractual flexibility (term flexibility and process flexibility) and relationship quality among stakeholders in a megaproject network. Design/methodology/approach: This study, via a questionnaire survey, collected 380 valid responses from megaproject professionals (including project managers, department managers and project engineers). The data were analyzed using least squares structural equation modeling. Findings: The results show that both strong ties and weak ties have positive effects on relationship quality. The introduction of contractual flexibility can help improve relationship quality by combining the positive effects of the strength of ties. Interestingly, the indirect influence of strong ties on relationship quality is mainly due to term flexibility. However, the influence of process flexibility is not significant, while weak ties have an indirect influence through term flexibility and process flexibility. Research limitations/implications: This study, while helpful to megaproject management both in theory and practice, is nevertheless subject to several limitations. First, this study only considers the impact of the strength of ties on contractual flexibility and relationship quality; other factors, such as environmental uncertainty, are not explored. Second, the sample data are limited to just a few regions of China. Future research should cover other influencing factors, in order to make the model more substantial; data should also be collected from different cultural and industrial sources, thereby extending and further verifying the results. Originality/value: This study makes three contributions to extant megaproject literature. First, this study provides a deep and nuanced understanding of the strength of ties. With the distinction between strong ties and weak ties clearly explained, this research furnishes a subtler understanding of relationship governance than has previously been achieved. Second, by precisely identifying the mechanism of how contract flexibility improves contract control and coordination functions, this research offers a complementary view of how contractual flexibility positively contributes to cooperation and relationship quality. Third, this study identifies which dimension of the strength of ties is more influential. This brings a new explanation for the previous controversy and offers some insight into the determinants of how to improve relationship quality in Chinese megaprojects

Stratified analyses of combined effect of two SNPs genotypes associated with HCC patients’ survival.

<p>Stratified analyses of combined effect of two SNPs genotypes associated with HCC patients’ survival.</p

Interactive effect of combined effect of two SNPs genotypes and Chemotherapy/TACE associated with HCC patients’ survival.

<p>Interactive effect of combined effect of two SNPs genotypes and Chemotherapy/TACE associated with HCC patients’ survival.</p

Expression quantitative trait loci for <i>PAX8</i> contributes to the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

<div><p>Paired-box family member <i>PAX8</i> encodes a transcription factor that has a role in cell differentiation and cell growth and may participate in the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). By bioinformatics analysis, we identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within a newly identified long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) AC016683.6 as expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) for <i>PAX8</i>. Hence, we hypothesized that <i>PAX8</i>eQTLs in lncRNA AC016683.6 may influence the HCC prognosis. We then performed a case-only study to assess the association between the two SNPs as well as the prognosis of HCC in 331 HBV-positive HCC patients without surgical treatment. Cox proportional hazard models were used for survival analysis with adjustments for the age, gender, smoking status, drinking status, Barcelona-Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage, and chemotherapy or TACE (transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization) status. We found that the G allele of rs1110839 and the T allele of rs4848320 in <i>PAX8</i>was significantly associated with a better prognosis compared with the T allele of rs1110839 and the C allele of rs4848320 (adjusted HR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.61–0.91, <i>P</i> = 0.004 for rs1110839 and adjusted HR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.54–0.94, <i>P</i> = 0.015 for rs4848320 in the additive model). Furthermore, the combined effect of the variant genotypes for these two SNPs was more prominent in patients with the BCLC-C stage orpatients with chemotherapy or TACE. Although the exact biological function remains to be explored, our findings suggest a possible association of <i>PAX8</i>eQTLs in lncRNA AC016683.6 with the HCC prognosis inthe Chinese population. Further large and functional studies are needed to confirm our findings.</p></div

Genotypes of two SNPs and HCC patients’ survival.

<p>Genotypes of two SNPs and HCC patients’ survival.</p

Multivariate Cox regression analysis on HCC patients’ survival.

<p>Multivariate Cox regression analysis on HCC patients’ survival.</p

Association of Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases Gene Polymorphisms with the Risk of Congenital Heart Disease in the Chinese Han Population

<div><p>Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are in charge of cellular protein synthesis and have additional domains that function in a versatile manner beyond translation. Eight core ARSs (<i>EPRS, MRS, QRS, RRS, IRS, LRS, KRS, DRS</i>) combined with three nonenzymatic components form a complex known as multisynthetase complex (MSC).We hypothesize that the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the eight core ARS coding genes might influence the susceptibility of sporadic congenital heart disease (CHD). Thus, we conducted a case-control study of 984 CHD cases and 2953 non-CHD controls in the Chinese Han population to evaluate the associations of 16 potentially functional SNPs within the eight ARS coding genes with the risk of CHD. We observed significant associations with the risk of CHD for rs1061248 [G/A; odds ratio (OR) = 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.81–0.99; <i>P</i> = 3.81×10⁻²], rs2230301 [A/C; OR = 0.73, 95%CI = 0.60–0.90, <i>P</i> = 3.81×10⁻²], rs1061160 [G/A; OR = 1.18, 95%CI = 1.06–1.31; <i>P</i> = 3.53×10⁻³] and rs5030754 [G/A; OR = 1.39, 95%CI = 1.11–1.75; <i>P</i> = 4.47×10⁻³] of <i>EPRS</i> gene. After multiple comparisons, rs1061248 conferred no predisposition to CHD. Additionally, a combined analysis showed a significant dosage-response effect of CHD risk among individuals carrying the different number of risk alleles (<i>P</i>_trend = 5.00×10⁻⁴). Compared with individuals with “0–2” risk allele, those carrying “3”, “4” or “5 or more” risk alleles had a 0.97-, 1.25- or 1.38-fold increased risk of CHD, respectively. These findings indicate that genetic variants of the <i>EPRS</i> gene may influence the individual susceptibility to CHD in the Chinese Han population.</p></div

Interactive effect of combined effect of two SNPs genotypes and bclc stage associated with HCC patients’ survival.

<p>Interactive effect of combined effect of two SNPs genotypes and bclc stage associated with HCC patients’ survival.</p