A nomogram based on CT intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics features preoperatively predicts poorly differentiated invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma manifesting as subsolid or solid lesions: a double-center study

BackgroundThe novel International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) grading system suggests that poorly differentiated invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma (IPA) has a worse prognosis. Therefore, prediction of poorly differentiated IPA before treatment can provide an essential reference for therapeutic modality and personalized follow-up strategy. This study intended to train a nomogram based on CT intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics features combined with clinical semantic features, which predicted poorly differentiated IPA and was tested in independent data cohorts regarding models’ generalization ability.MethodsWe retrospectively recruited 480 patients with IPA appearing as subsolid or solid lesions, confirmed by surgical pathology from two medical centers and collected their CT images and clinical information. Patients from the first center (n =363) were randomly assigned to the development cohort (n = 254) and internal testing cohort (n = 109) in a 7:3 ratio; patients (n = 117) from the second center served as the external testing cohort. Feature selection was performed by univariate analysis, multivariate analysis, Spearman correlation analysis, minimum redundancy maximum relevance, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the model performance.ResultsThe AUCs of the combined model based on intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics signatures in internal testing cohort and external testing cohort were 0.906 and 0.886, respectively. The AUCs of the nomogram that integrated clinical semantic features and combined radiomics signatures in internal testing cohort and external testing cohort were 0.921 and 0.887, respectively. The Delong test showed that the AUCs of the nomogram were significantly higher than that of the clinical semantic model in both the internal testing cohort(0.921 vs 0.789, p< 0.05) and external testing cohort(0.887 vs 0.829, p< 0.05).ConclusionThe nomogram based on CT intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics signatures with clinical semantic features has the potential to predict poorly differentiated IPA manifesting as subsolid or solid lesions preoperatively

Soil respiration at different time scales from 2000 to 2018 in forest ecosystems across China

The related studies on soil respiration (Rs) are increasing year by year in China, amounts of Rs data were published, especially in the form of monthly dynamics figures. Here, we compiled a comprehensive and uniform Rs database in China's forests from 568 literatures published up to 2018, including Rs and the concurrently measured soil temperature (N=8317), mean monthly Rs (N=5003), and annual Rs (N=634). Besides the Rs data directly given in the original papers, the monthly patterns of Rs and the concurrently measured soil temperature at 5 cm and/or 10 cm depth in the figures were digitized. These Rs data derived from the undisturbed forest ecosystems. The common measurement methods were selected, i.e. infrared gas analyzers (model Li-6400, Li-8100, Li-8150 (LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, Nebraska, USA)) and gas chromatography. Meanwhile, the associated information was recorded, e.g. geographical location (province, study site, latitude, longitude and elevation), climate factors (mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation), stand description (forest type, origin, age, density, mean tree height and diameter at breast height), measurement regime (method, time, frequency, collar area, height and numbers). We hope the database will be used by the science community to provide a better understanding of carbon cycle in China's forests and reduce the uncertainty in evaluating of carbon budget at the large scale

A compiled soil respiration dataset at different time scales for forest ecosystems across China from 2000 to 2018

China's forests rank fifth in the world by area, covering a broad climatic gradient from cold-temperate to tropical zones, and play a key role in the global carbon cycle. Studies of forest soil respiration (R-s) have increased rapidly in China over the last two decades, but the resulting R-s data need to be summarized. Here, we compile a comprehensive dataset of R-s in China's undisturbed forest ecosystems from the literature published up to 31 December 2018, including monthly R-s and the concurrently measured soil temperature (N=8317), mean monthly R-s (N=5003), and annual R-s (N=634). Detailed plot information was also recorded, such as geographical location, climate factors, stand characteristics, and measurement description. We examine some aspects of the dataset - R-s equations fitted with soil temperature, temperature sensitivity (Q10), monthly variations, and annual effluxes in cold-temperate, temperate, subtropical, and tropical zones. We hope the dataset will be used by the science community to provide a better understanding of the carbon cycle in China's forest ecosystems and reduce uncertainty in evaluating of carbon budget at a large scale. The dataset is publicly available at (Sun et al., 2022)

Detection of Human Papillomaviral Infection on Kazakh Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Xinjiang

OBJECTIVE To investigate the detection rate of human papilloma virus (HPV) DNA in the Kazakh esophageal carcinoma (EC) patients of Xinjiang. METHODS We detected the prevalence of a HPV gene in tumor tissues from 318 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Tumor tissues were kept in formalin and embedded in paraffin. One hundred seventeen samples used crude cell suspension, while the other 201 used the method of DNA extraction with phenol-Tris/chloroform. We analyzed the relevance to EC of Kazakh’s in Xinjiang. RESULTS In the ESCC samples of Kazakh’s in Xinjiang, total detection rate for HPV DNA was 64.5% (205/318). The positive rate of HPV in group of crude cell suspensions was 82.9% (97/117) compared with the rate of 53.7% (108/201) in the group of DNA extraction. The results in the two groups showed significant diffference (χ2= 5.711, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION HPV DNA infection may be one of the most important factors related to EC of Kazakh’s in Xinjiang

Yellow Wine Polyphenolic Compounds Regulate SIRT3 Expression to Alleviate Doxorubicin-induced Myocardial Injury

Background Doxorubicin (DOX) , a common and powerful anthracycline antitumor agent, has been widely used in the treatment of various tumors, especially solid tumors. However, its strong cardiotoxicity-induced irreversible cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure limit its clinical application. Yellow Wine Polyphenols Compounds (YWPC) are polyphenols extracted from Shaoxing yellow rice wine which have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, and can alleviate DOX-induced myocardial injury, but the mechanism of actions is still unclear. Objective To explore the mechanism of YWPC reducing DOX-induced myocardial injury via in vitro and in vivo experiments. Methods SD rats were used for an in vivo experiment and divided into four groups: control group (intervened with normal saline) , YWPC group (intervened with YWPC and normal saline) , DOX group (intervened with DOX and normal saline for establishing a DOX-induced myocardial injury model) and DOX+YWPC group (intervened with DOX, YWPC and normal saline for observing the myocardial protective effect of YWPC in a DOX-induced myocardial injury model) . When the experiment ended, all rats were sacrificed and cardiac tissues were taken out for examining myocardial fiber morphology using Masson&apos;s trichrome staining, myocardial cell apoptosis using TUNEL assay, pathological changes using immunohistochemical assay, and levels of proteins (Bcl-2 and Bax) involved in apoptosis as well as expression level of SIRT3 using Western blotting. And the serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was also measured. Cardiomyocyte H9C2 cells of rats were used for an in vitro experiment and divided into five groups: control group, YWPC group (intervened with YWPC and normal saline) , DOX group (intervened with DOX for establishing a DOX-induced myocardial injury model within 24 hours) and three DOX+YWPC (1 mg/L, 10 mg/L, 100 mg/L) groups〔first intervened with DOX for establishing a DOX-induced myocardial injury model within 24 hours, then with YWPC for observing the myocardial protective effect of three concentrations of YWPC (1 mg/L, 10 mg/L, 100 mg/L) , respectively〕. Viability of H9C2 cells was measured by CCK-8 assay. Apoptosis, and SIRT3 expressed in H9C2 cells were measured by Western blotting. Then another batch of the same H9C2 cells were took and divided into control group, DOX group, DOX+YWPC group, DOX+3-TYP group and DOX+YWPC+3-TYP group, and SIRT3 inhibitor 3-TYP was used to inhibit the activity of SIRT3 protein in the latter two groups. Then apoptosis level and SIRT3 protein expressed in H9C2 cells were detected by Western blotting for further assessing the effect of SIRT3 in reducing DOX-induced myocardial injury. Results In vivo experiment: (1) Under the microscope, Masson&apos;s trichrome-stained myocardial fibers of rats in DOX group were disordered and intersected with a large number of blue collagen fibers. The myocardial texture of DOX+YWPC group was partially restored with decreased blue collagen fibers. DOX group had higher proportion of collagen fibers distributed in cardiovascular tissues, and higher serum LDH than control and DOX+YWPC groups (P&lt;0.05) . DOX group had lower ratio of Bcl-2/Bax and level of expression of SIRT3 than control and DOX+YWPC groups (P&lt;0.05) . The apoptotic myocardial cells with a patch distribution appearing as bright green dots were significantly increased in DOX group at first, but were decreased after YWPC treatment. In vitro experiment: (1) The absorbance value, Bcl-2/Bax ratio and expression level of SIRT3 in DOX group were lower than those of control group, DOX+YWPC (1 mg/L) group, DOX+YWPC (10 mg/L) group and DOX+YWPC (100 mg/L) group (P&lt;0.05) . (2) The Bcl-2 /Bax ratio and expression level of SIRT3 in DOX or DOX+3-TYP group were lower than those in control group (P&lt;0.05) . (3) The Bcl-2/Bax ratio in DOX+YWPC+3-TYP group was lower than that in DOX+YWPC group (P&lt;0.05) . (4) The expression level of SIRT3 was similar in DOX+YWPC and DOX+YWPC+3-TYP groups (P&gt;0.05) . Conclusion DOX-induced myocardial injury in in vitro and in vivo experiments with rats may be alleviated by YWPC via improving the expression level of SIRT3, and the effect may be reduced if the expression level of SIRT3 protein is inhibited

A novel compound heterozygous variant identified in GLDC gene in a Chinese family with non-ketotic hyperglycinemia

Abstract Background Non-ketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH) is a rare, devastating autosomal recessive disorder of glycine metabolism with a very poor prognosis. Currently, few studies have reported genetic profiling of Chinese NKH patients. This study aimed to identify the genetic mutations in a Chinese family with NKH. Methods A Chinese family of Han ethnicity, with three siblings with NKH was studied. Sanger sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification combined with SYBR green real-time quantitative PCR was used to identify potential mutations in the GLDC, AMT and GCSH genes. The potential pathogenicity of the identified missense mutation was analyzed using SIFT, PolyPhen-2, PROVEAN and MutationTaster software. Results All patients exhibited severe and progressive clinical symptoms, including lethargy, hypotonia and seizures, and had greatly elevated glycine levels in their plasma and CSF. Molecular genetic analysis identified compound heterozygous variants in the GLDC gene in these three siblings, including a novel missense variant c.2680A > G (p.Thr894Ala) in exon 23 and a heterozygous deletion of exon 3, which were inherited respectively from their parents. In silico analysis, using several different types of bioinformatic software, predicted that the novel variant c.2680A > G in the GLDC gene was pathogenic. Moreover, the deletion of exon 3 was identified for the first time in a Chinese population. Conclusions A novel missense variant and a previously reported deletion in GLDC gene were identified. The two variants of GLDC gene identified probably underlie the pathogenesis of non-ketotic hyperglycinemia in this family, and also enrich the mutational spectrum of GLDC gene