106 research outputs found

    Vpliv tehnologije pri poučevanju angleščine ogroženih učencev ali učencev s posebnimi potrebami: sistematični pregled

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    With the development of technology, the quantity and quality of electronic devices for students learning English as a second or foreign language (ESL/EFL) are on the rise, especially since the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. To facilitate practices in English language education for students with special needs, the researchers conducted a systematic review of the empirical studies of technology tools for ESL/EFL students with learning difficulties published in the previous two decades. This paper presents the study selection process and findings of the review based on 16 peer-reviewed journal articles and one book chapter. The paper reveals the frequent mental and physical difficulties of English language learning and the typical technology tools employed in and out of class. More importantly, this paper discusses the roles of these technology tools in students’ English language acquisition, specifically their effects on student learning outcomes and the students’ perceptions toward them. With limited primary sources, this paper calls for more attention to the use of technology in English language learning of ESL/EFL students identified as at-risk and with learning disabilities and raises some implications for future research and instructional practices. (DIPF/Orig.

    Few-photon single ionization of cold rubidium in the over-the-barrier regime

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    Photoionization of the rubidium (Rb) atoms cooled in a magneto-optical trap, characterized by the coexistence of the ground 5S1/2S_{1/2} and the excited 5P3/2P_{3/2} states, is investigated experimentally and theoretically with the 400 nm femtosecond laser pulses at intensities of I=3×109I=3\times10^9 W/cm2^2 - 4.5×10124.5\times10^{12} W/cm2^2. Recoil-ion momentum distribution (RIMD) of Rb+^+ exhibits rich ring-like structures and their energies correspond to one-photon ionization of the 5P3/2P_{3/2} state, two-photon and three-photon ionizations of the 5S1/2S_{1/2} state, respectively. With the increasing of II, we find that experimental signals near zero-momentum (NZM) in RIMDs resulted from the 5P3/2P_{3/2} state enhance dramatically and its peaked Rb+^+ momenta dwindle obviously while that from the 5S1/2S_{1/2} state is maintained. Meanwhile, the ion-yield ratio of the 5S1/2S_{1/2} over the 5P3/2P_{3/2} states varies from II to I1.5I^{1.5} as II increases. These features indicate a transition from perturbative ionization to strong-perturbative ionization for the 5P3/2P_{3/2} state. Numerical simulations by solving the time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation (TDSE) can qualitatively explain the measurements of RIMD, photoion angular distributions, as well as ion-yield ratio. However, some discrepancies still exist, especially for the NZM dip, which could stem from the electron-electron correlation that is neglected in the present TDSE simulations since we have adopted the single-active-electron approximation

    Ellipticity-dependent sequential over-barrier ionization of cold rubidium

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    We perform high-resolution measurements of momentum distribution on Rbn+^{n+} recoil ions up to charge state n=4n=4, where laser-cooled rubidium atoms are ionized by femtosecond elliptically polarized lasers with the pulse duration of 35 fs and the intensity of 3.3×\times1015^{15} W/cm2^2 in the over-barrier ionization (OBI) regime. The momentum distributions of the recoil ions are found to exhibit multi-band structures as the ellipticity varies from the linear to circular polarizations. The origin of these band structures can be explained quantitatively by the classical OBI model and dedicated classical trajectory Monte Carlo simulations with Heisenberg potential. Specifically, with back analysis of the classical trajectories, we reveal the ionization time and the OBI geometry of the sequentially released electrons, disentangling the mechanisms behind the tilted angle of the band structures. These results indicate that the classical treatment can describe the strong-field multiple ionization processes of alkali atoms

    The Role of PTHLH in Ovarian Follicle Selection, Its Transcriptional Regulation and Genetic Effects on Egg Laying Traits in Hens

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    In hens, follicle selection is an important process affecting egg laying traits. This study investigated the role of parathyroid hormone-like hormone (PTHLH) in chicken follicle selection, its transcriptional regulation and genetic effects on egg laying traits. PTHLH and its receptor PTH1R were mainly expressed in follicles of 6–8 mm in diameter, exhibits differential expression pattern in the theca and granulosa cells of pre- and hierarchal follicles. PTHLH stimulates the proliferation of follicular granulosa and theca cells, the expression of StAR and CYP11A1 mRNA and the production of progesterone (P4) in pre-hierarchal follicles. Treatment with FSH increased PTHLH mRNA expression in pre-hierarchal follicular theca cells and hierarchal follicular granulosa cells. Two critical regions regulating chicken PTHLH transcription were revealed, each of which harbored a SNP: C>T (chr1: 72530014) for AP-1 and a SNP: A>G (chr1: 72531676). Hens with diplotype AC/GT were younger at first laying and laid more eggs at 32 weeks. The haplotype (G-1827T-165) with double mutations had the greatest promoter activity of chicken PTHLH transcription. Collectively, PTHLH plays an important role in chicken follicle selection by stimulating cell proliferation and steroidogenesis. Polymorphisms in chicken PTHLH promoter region are associated with egg laying traits by affecting the binding of transcription factor AP-1

    Knowledge and attitudes of healthcare workers in Chinese intensive care units regarding 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>To describe the knowledge and attitudes of critical care clinicians during the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A survey conducted in 21 intensive care units in 17 provinces in China.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Out of 733 questionnaires distributed, 695 were completed. Three hundred and fifty-six respondents (51.2%) reported their experience of caring for H1N1 patients. Despite the fact that 88.5% of all respondents ultimately finished an H1N1 training program, only 41.9% admitted that they had the knowledge of 2009 H1N1 influenza. A total of 572 respondents (82.3%) expressed willingness to care for H1N1 patients. Independent variables associated with increasing likelihood to care for patients in the logistic regression analysis were physicians or nurses rather than other professionals (odds ratio 4.056 and 3.235, p = 0.002 and 0.007, respectively), knowledge training prior to patient care (odds ratio 1.531, p = 0.044), and the confidence to know how to protect themselves and their patients (odds ratio 2.109, p = 0.001).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Critical care clinicians reported poor knowledge of H1N1 influenza, even though most finished a relevant knowledge training program. Implementation of appropriate education program might improve compliance to infection control measures, and willingness to work in a pandemic.</p
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