67 research outputs found
Ash transformation in suspension fired boilers co-firing coal and straw:Final report, PSO-Eltra 4766
Ash transformation in suspension fired boilers co-firing coal and straw:Final report, PSO-Eltra 4766
Zero-1-to-3: Domain-level Zero-shot Cognitive Diagnosis via One Batch of Early-bird Students towards Three Diagnostic Objectives
Cognitive diagnosis seeks to estimate the cognitive states of students by
exploring their logged practice quiz data. It plays a pivotal role in
personalized learning guidance within intelligent education systems. In this
paper, we focus on an important, practical, yet often underexplored task:
domain-level zero-shot cognitive diagnosis (DZCD), which arises due to the
absence of student practice logs in newly launched domains. Recent cross-domain
diagnostic models have been demonstrated to be a promising strategy for DZCD.
These methods primarily focus on how to transfer student states across domains.
However, they might inadvertently incorporate non-transferable information into
student representations, thereby limiting the efficacy of knowledge transfer.
To tackle this, we propose Zero-1-to-3, a domain-level zero-shot cognitive
diagnosis framework via one batch of early-bird students towards three
diagnostic objectives. Our approach initiates with pre-training a diagnosis
model with dual regularizers, which decouples student states into domain-shared
and domain-specific parts. The shared cognitive signals can be transferred to
the target domain, enriching the cognitive priors for the new domain, which
ensures the cognitive state propagation objective. Subsequently, we devise a
strategy to generate simulated practice logs for cold-start students through
analyzing the behavioral patterns from early-bird students, fulfilling the
domain-adaption goal. Consequently, we refine the cognitive states of
cold-start students as diagnostic outcomes via virtual data, aligning with the
diagnosis-oriented goal. Finally, extensive experiments on six real-world
datasets highlight the efficacy of our model for DZCD and its practical
application in question recommendation. The code is publicly available at
https://github.com/bigdata-ustc/Zero-1-to-3.Comment: Accepted by AAAI202
Endurance exercise accelerates myocardial tissue oxygenation recovery and reduces ischemia reperfusion injury in mice
Exercise training offers cardioprotection against ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, few essential signals have been identified to underscore the protection from injury. In the present study, we hypothesized that exercise-induced acceleration of myocardial tissue oxygenation recovery contributes to this protection. C57BL/6 mice (4 weeks old) were trained on treadmills for 45 min/day at a treading rate of 15 m/min for 8 weeks. At the end of 8-week exercise training, mice underwent 30-min left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion followed by 60-min or 24-h reperfusion. Electron paramagnetic resonance oximetry was performed to measure myocardial tissue oxygenation. Western immunoblotting analyses, gene transfection, and myography were examined. The oximetry study demonstrated that exercise markedly shortened myocardial tissue oxygenation recovery time following reperfusion. Exercise training up-regulated Kir6.1 protein expression (a subunit of ATP-sensitive K(+)channel on vascular smooth muscle cells, VSMC sarc-K(ATP)) and protected the heart from I/R injury. In vivo gene transfer of dominant negative Kir6.1AAA prolonged the recovery time and enlarged infarct size. In addition, transfection of Kir6.1AAA increased the stiffness and reduced the relaxation capacity in the vasculature. Together, our study demonstrated that exercise training up-regulated Kir6.1, improved tissue oxygenation recovery, and protected the heart against I/R injury. This exercise-induced cardioprotective mechanism may provide a potential therapeutic intervention targeting VSMC sarc-K(ATP) channels and reperfusion recovery
Change in perioperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio as a potential predictive biomarker for chronic postsurgical pain and quality of life: an ambispective observational cohort study
IntroductionAccurate and accessible predictors of chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) to identify high-risk postsurgical patients are prerequisite for preventive and interventional strategies. We investigated the incidence and risk factors of CPSP after abdominal surgery, with a focus on plasma immunological markers.Materials and methodsThis was a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent abdominal surgery under general anesthesia at a tertiary center between January 2021 and January 2022. The preoperative demographics, laboratory test data, and surgical factors of the participants were collected from the electronic medical record system. Postoperative pain intensity and living conditions at 1 year after discharge from the hospital were assessed via a phone survey. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to explore independent risk factors associated with CPSP.ResultsA total of 968 patients were included, and 13.53% (n = 131 of 968) of patients reported CPSP 1 year after surgery. Patients with older age, open surgery, higher American Association of Anesthesiologists classification, patient-controlled intravenous analgesia application, longer surgery duration, higher postoperative absolute neutrophil count, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lower postoperative absolute lymphocyte count, and higher white blood cell count, were more likely to suffer from CPSP. A changed ratio of NLR (postoperative to preoperative) ≥ 5 significantly correlated with CPSP, moderate to severe pain, maximum numeric rating score since discharge from the hospital, and affected quality of life.DiscussionThe changed ratio of NLR could be used for the early identification of patients at risk for CPSP and affect the quality of life to alert the clinician to undertake further assessment
Lactylation: The emerging frontier in post-translational modification
Lactate, a metabolic byproduct, has gained recognition as a highly influential signaling molecule. Lactylation, an emerging form of post-translational modification derived from lactate, plays a crucial role in numerous cellular processes such as inflammation, embryonic development, tumor proliferation, and metabolism. However, the precise molecular mechanisms through which lactylation governs these biological functions in both physiological and pathological contexts remain elusive. Hence, it is imperative to provide a comprehensive overview of lactylation in order to elucidate its significance in biological processes and establish a foundation for forthcoming investigations. This review aims to succinctly outline the process of lactylation modification and the characterization of protein lactylation across diverse organisms. Additionally, A summary of the regulatory mechanisms of lactylation in cellular processes and specific diseases is presented. Finally, this review concludes by delineating existing research gaps in lactylation and proposing primary directions for future investigations
Challenges in QCD matter physics - The Compressed Baryonic Matter experiment at FAIR
Substantial experimental and theoretical efforts worldwide are devoted to
explore the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter. At LHC and top RHIC
energies, QCD matter is studied at very high temperatures and nearly vanishing
net-baryon densities. There is evidence that a Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP) was
created at experiments at RHIC and LHC. The transition from the QGP back to the
hadron gas is found to be a smooth cross over. For larger net-baryon densities
and lower temperatures, it is expected that the QCD phase diagram exhibits a
rich structure, such as a first-order phase transition between hadronic and
partonic matter which terminates in a critical point, or exotic phases like
quarkyonic matter. The discovery of these landmarks would be a breakthrough in
our understanding of the strong interaction and is therefore in the focus of
various high-energy heavy-ion research programs. The Compressed Baryonic Matter
(CBM) experiment at FAIR will play a unique role in the exploration of the QCD
phase diagram in the region of high net-baryon densities, because it is
designed to run at unprecedented interaction rates. High-rate operation is the
key prerequisite for high-precision measurements of multi-differential
observables and of rare diagnostic probes which are sensitive to the dense
phase of the nuclear fireball. The goal of the CBM experiment at SIS100
(sqrt(s_NN) = 2.7 - 4.9 GeV) is to discover fundamental properties of QCD
matter: the phase structure at large baryon-chemical potentials (mu_B > 500
MeV), effects of chiral symmetry, and the equation-of-state at high density as
it is expected to occur in the core of neutron stars. In this article, we
review the motivation for and the physics programme of CBM, including
activities before the start of data taking in 2022, in the context of the
worldwide efforts to explore high-density QCD matter.Comment: 15 pages, 11 figures. Published in European Physical Journal
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