Development of a risk scoring system for predicting advanced colorectal neoplasia within subcentimetric polyps:A population-based study

Objective: To determine a risk scoring system for predicting advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACN) within subcentimetric polyps in a large Asian population. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in Hong Kong SAR, China involving participants who underwent colonoscopy between 2008 and 2015. A random sample of 20 072 subjects were included as the derivation cohort to assess ACN-associated independent factors using logistic regression modeling. Another 8603 subjects formed a validation cohort. A risk scoring system was developed and its performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Results: The risk scores were assigned based on the following criteria: (a) patients who were admitted from inpatient colonoscopy (2.2) or not (1); (b) with three or more chronic diseases (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, heart disease, or cancer) (1.7) or not (1); (c) anemia (1.3) or without anemia (1); (d) receiving aspirin (0.5) or not (1); (e) receiving other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (0.3) or not (1); (f) male (1.2) or female gender (1); (g) age &lt;55 (1), 55–64 (1.4), 65–69 (2), 70 years or above (2.2). ACN was more common in those with scores of 2.192 or higher, and they were classified as high risk (HR). The prevalence of ACN in the validation cohort was 13.28% and 3.56% in the HR and low-risk groups, respectively. In both the derivation and validation cohorts, AUROC of the risk-scoring model was 0.7138. Conclusion: Physicians are recommended to utilize this validated score for risk-stratification of patients having subcentimetric polyps.</p

Rational Passivation of Sulfur Vacancy Defects in Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides.

Structural defects vary the optoelectronic properties of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides, leading to concerted efforts to control defect type and density via materials growth or postgrowth passivation. Here, we explore a simple chemical treatment that allows on-off switching of low-lying, defect-localized exciton states, leading to tunable emission properties. Using steady-state and ultrafast optical spectroscopy, supported by ab initio calculations, we show that passivation of sulfur vacancy defects, which act as exciton traps in monolayer MoS2 and WS2, allows for controllable and improved mobilities and an increase in photoluminescence up to 275-fold, more than twice the value achieved by other chemical treatments. Our findings suggest a route for simple and rational defect engineering strategies for tunable and switchable electronic and excitonic properties through passivation

Rational Passivation of Sulfur Vacancy Defects in Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides.

Structural defects vary the optoelectronic properties of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides, leading to concerted efforts to control defect type and density via materials growth or postgrowth passivation. Here, we explore a simple chemical treatment that allows on-off switching of low-lying, defect-localized exciton states, leading to tunable emission properties. Using steady-state and ultrafast optical spectroscopy, supported by ab initio calculations, we show that passivation of sulfur vacancy defects, which act as exciton traps in monolayer MoS2 and WS2, allows for controllable and improved mobilities and an increase in photoluminescence up to 275-fold, more than twice the value achieved by other chemical treatments. Our findings suggest a route for simple and rational defect engineering strategies for tunable and switchable electronic and excitonic properties through passivation

Investigation of Autostereoscopic Displays Based on Various Display Technologies

The autostereoscopic display is a promising way towards three-dimensional-display technology since it allows humans to perceive stereoscopic images with naked eyes. However, it faces great challenges from low resolution, narrow viewing angle, ghost images, eye strain, and fatigue. Nowadays, the prevalent liquid crystal display (LCD), the organic light-emitting diode (OLED), and the emerging micro light-emitting diode (Micro-LED) offer more powerful tools to tackle these challenges. First, we comprehensively review various implementations of autostereoscopic displays. Second, based on LCD, OLED, and Micro-LED, their pros and cons for the implementation of autostereoscopic displays are compared. Lastly, several novel implementations of autostereoscopic displays with Micro-LED are proposed: a Micro-LED light-stripe backlight with an LCD, a high-resolution Micro-LED display with a micro-lens array or a high-speed scanning barrier/deflector, and a transparent floating display. This work could be a guidance for Micro-LED applications on autostereoscopic displays

Chipmunk Parvovirus Is Distinct from Members in the Genus Erythrovirus of the Family Parvoviridae

The transcription profile of chipmunk parvovirus (ChpPV), a tentative member of the genus Erythrovirus in the subfamily Parvovirinae of the family Parvoviridae, was characterized by transfecting a nearly full-length genome. We found that it is unique from the profiles of human parvovirus B19 and simian parvovirus, the members in the genus Erythrovirus so far characterized, in that the small RNA transcripts were not processed for encoding small non-structural proteins. However, like the large non-structural protein NS1 of the human parvovirus B19, the ChpPV NS1 is a potent inducer of apoptosis. Further phylogenetic analysis of ChpPV with other parvoviruses in the subfamily Parvovirinae indicates that ChpPV is distinct from the members in genus Erythrovirus. Thus, we conclude that ChpPV may represent a new genus in the family Parvoviridae

2009. Molecular characterization of human parvovirus B19 genotypes 2 and 3. Virology 394

We have characterized the transcription profiles of parvovirus B19 (B19V) genotype-2 A6 and genotype-3 V9 variants. The A6 RNA profile differs from that of the prototype B19V in both B19V non-permissive and permissive cells, whereas the overall profile of the V9 RNA in these cells is similar to that of the prototype. A unique feature we have identified is that the genotype-2 A6 variant used only one splice acceptor to remove the first intron. We also demonstrated that the inverted terminal repeats (ITRs) of the prototype B19V support replication of the V9 genome, which produces infectious virus, but not that of the A6 genome, in B19V-permissive cells. Similar to the proapoptotic nature of the prototype B19V large non-structural protein (NS1), the A6 and V9 NS1 proteins also are potent inducers of apoptosis in B19V-permissive cells