600 research outputs found
Associations of systemic inflammatory markers with the risks of chronic heart failure: A case-control study
Objective: As a greater proportion of patients survived their initial cardiac insult, Chronic Heart Failure (CHF) is becoming a major cause of worldwide morbidity and mortality. However, the mechanism underlying the inflammation in patients with CHF has not yet been elaborated. This study aims to explore the associations between inflammation and CHF patients, and the predictive performance of inflammatory indicators in identifying patients with CHF.
Methods: A matched case-control study was conducted by recruiting 385 patients who were diagnosed with CHF from January 2018 to December 2019 in The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. Each CHF patient was matched against one control subject without CHF on the criteria of age, sex, Body Mass Index (BMI), smoking status, and comorbidities. The clinical data and systemic inflammatory indicators were compared between the two groups, independent risk factors of CHF were identified by multivariate regression analysis, and the predictive values of systemic inflammatory indicators for CHF were analyzed by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
Results: After processed in the univariate and multivariate regression analysis models, three systemic inflammatory indicators (hs-CRP [high sensitivity C Reactive Protein], LMR [lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio], and Monocyte-to-High-density-lipoprotein Ratio [MHR]) were considered as independent predictors of CHF, among which the hs-CRP exhibited the best predictive performance (AUC = 0.752, 95%CI 0.717‒0.786, p < 0.001), followed by LMR (AUC = 0.711, 95% CI 0.675‒0.747, p < 0.001) and MHR (AUC = 0.673, 95% CI 0.635‒0.710, p < 0.001). The three-indicator combination showed an improved diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.757, 95% CI 0.724‒0.791, p < 0.001). In addition, the results of subgroup comparisons demonstrated that hs-CRP and MHR were associated with the severity of CHF (p < 0.001).
Conclusions: The systemic inflammatory indicators such as hs-CRP, LMR, and MHR were independently correlated with the attack of CHF and might be the complementary markers of the diagnosis of CHF
LEAP: A Lightweight Encryption and Authentication Protocol for In-Vehicle Communications
The Controller Area Network (CAN) is considered as the de-facto standard for
the in-vehicle communications due to its real-time performance and high
reliability. Unfortunately, the lack of security protection on the CAN bus
gives attackers the opportunity to remotely compromise a vehicle. In this
paper, we propose a Lightweight Encryption and Authentication Protocol (LEAP)
with low cost and high efficiency to address the security issue of the CAN bus.
LEAP exploits the security-enhanced stream cipher primitive to provide
encryption and authentication for the CAN messages. Compared with the
state-of-the-art Message Authentication Code (MAC) based approaches, LEAP
requires less memory, is 8X faster, and thwarts the most recently proposed
attacks.Comment: 7 pages, 9 figures, 3 table
Deeply Coupled Cross-Modal Prompt Learning
Recent advancements in multimodal foundation models (e.g., CLIP) have
excelled in zero-shot generalization. Prompt tuning involved in the knowledge
transfer from foundation models to downstream tasks has gained significant
attention recently. Existing prompt-tuning methods in cross-modal learning,
however, either solely focus on language branch, or learn vision-language
interaction in a shallow mechanism. In this context, we propose a Deeply
coupled Cross-modal Prompt learning (DCP) method based on CLIP. DCP flexibly
accommodates the interplay between vision and language with a Cross-Modal
Prompt Attention (CMPA) mechanism, which enables the mutual exchange of
respective representation through a well-connected multi-head attention module
progressively and strongly. We then conduct comprehensive few-shot learning
experiments on 11 image classification datasets and analyze the robustness to
domain shift as well. Thorough experimental analysis evidently demonstrates the
superb few-shot generalization and compelling domain adaption capacity of a
well-executed DCP. The code can be found at https://github.com/GingL/CMPA.Comment: Accepted by ACL 2023 finding
Quartz sand surface morphology of granitic tafoni at Laoshan, China
43-48In this study, a SEM method was used to analyze the surface morphology of the quartz sand granitic tafoni at Laoshan, for the purpose of exploring the weathering process of this tafoni. Present study showed that granitic tafoni at Laoshan, the quartz sand roundness was dominated by angular and sub-angular morphologies. Massive Hydrodynamic features had been developed on the quartz sand surfaces, as well as wind and chemistry forms, which were more developed. It was determined that granitic tafoni at Laoshan, the quartz sand had suffered long-term rainy and windy mechanical erosion, as well as chemical dissolution from residual pit water. These findings differed from the earlier views that the tafone was formed by the glacial melt water
- …