1,332 research outputs found
Ion size effects on thermoluminescence of terbium and europium doped magnesium orthosilicate
We would like to thank the support of the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China, the National Science Foundation of China (No. 11205134) and Beijing Higher Education Young Elite Teacher Project (YETP0640). The refurbishment of the RLTL system at St. Andrews was funded by NERC grant NE/H002715/1.Thermoluminescence (TL) and radioluminescence (RL) are reported over the temperature range 25â673 K from MgSiO:Tb and MgSiO:Eu. The dominant signals arise from the transitions within the Rare Earth (RE) dopants, with limited intensity from intrinsic or host defect sites. The Tb and Eu ions distort the lattice and alter the stability of the TL sites and the peak TL temperature scales with the Tb and Eu ion size. The larger Eu ions stabilize the trapped charges more than for the Tb, and so the Eu TL peak temperatures are âŒ20% higher. There are further size effects linked to the TL driven by the volume of the upper state orbitals of the rare earth transitions. For Eu the temperatures of the TL peaks are wavelength dependent since higher excited states couple to distant traps via more extensive orbits. The same pattern of peak temperature data is encoded in RL during heating. The data imply that there are sites in which the rare earth and charge stabilizing defects are closely associated within the host lattice, and the stability of the entire complex is linked to the lattice distortions from inclusions of impurities.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Far-infrared photo-conductivity of electrons in an array of nano-structured antidots
We present far-infrared (FIR) photo-conductivity measurements for a
two-dimensional electron gas in an array of nano-structured antidots. We
detect, resistively and spectrally resolved, both the magnetoplasmon and the
edge-magnetoplasmon modes. Temperature-dependent measurements demonstrates that
both modes contribute to the photo resistance by heating the electron gas via
resonant absorption of the FIR radiation. Influences of spin effect and phonon
bands on the collective excitations in the antidot lattice are observed.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Can residuals of the Solar system foreground explain low multipole anomalies of the CMB ?
The low multipole anomalies of the Cosmic Microwave Background has received
much attention during the last few years. It is still not ascertained whether
these anomalies are indeed primordial or the result of systematics or
foregrounds. An example of a foreground, which could generate some non-Gaussian
and statistically anisotropic features at low multipole range, is the very
symmetric Kuiper Belt in the outer solar system. In this paper, expanding upon
the methods presented by Maris et al. (2011), we investigate the contributions
from the Kuiper Belt objects (KBO) to the WMAP ILC 7 map, whereby we can
minimize the contrast in power between even and odd multipoles in the CMB,
discussed discussed by Kim & Naselsky (2010). We submit our KBO de-correlated
CMB signal to several tests, to analyze its validity, and find that
incorporation of the KBO emission can decrease the quadrupole-octupole
alignment and parity asymmetry problems, provided that the KBO signals has a
non-cosmological dipole modulation, associated with the statistical anisotropy
of the ILC 7 map. Additionally, we show that the amplitude of the dipole
modulation, within a 2 sigma interval, is in agreement with the corresponding
amplitudes, discussed by Lew (2008).Comment: 24 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables. Matches version in JCA
Wide binaries as a critical test of Classical Gravity
Modified gravity scenarios where a change of regime appears at acceleration
scales have been proposed. Since for systems the
acceleration drops below at scales of around 7000 AU, a statistical
survey of wide binaries with relative velocities and separations reaching
AU and beyond should prove useful to the above debate. We apply the
proposed test to the best currently available data. Results show a constant
upper limit to the relative velocities in wide binaries which is independent of
separation for over three orders of magnitude, in analogy with galactic flat
rotation curves in the same acceleration regime. Our results are
suggestive of a breakdown of Kepler's third law beyond
scales, in accordance with generic predictions of modified gravity theories
designed not to require any dark matter at galactic scales and beyond.Comment: accepted for publication in EPJ
Singularly Perturbed Monotone Systems and an Application to Double Phosphorylation Cycles
The theory of monotone dynamical systems has been found very useful in the
modeling of some gene, protein, and signaling networks. In monotone systems,
every net feedback loop is positive. On the other hand, negative feedback loops
are important features of many systems, since they are required for adaptation
and precision. This paper shows that, provided that these negative loops act at
a comparatively fast time scale, the main dynamical property of (strongly)
monotone systems, convergence to steady states, is still valid. An application
is worked out to a double-phosphorylation ``futile cycle'' motif which plays a
central role in eukaryotic cell signaling.Comment: 21 pages, 3 figures, corrected typos, references remove
Interplay of Electron-Phonon Interaction and Electron Correlation in High Temperature Superconductivity
We study the electron-phonon interaction in the strongly correlated
superconducting cuprates. Two types of the electron-phonon interactions are
introduced in the model; the diagonal and off-diagonal interactions which
modify the formation energy of the Zhang-Rice singlet and its transfer
integral, respectively. The characteristic phonon-momentum and
electron-momentum dependence resulted from the off-diagonal coupling
can explain a variety of experiments. The vertex correction for the
electron-phonon interaction is formulated in the SU(2) slave-boson theory by
taking into account the collective modes in the superconducting ground states.
It is shown that the vertex correction enhances the attractive potential for
the d-wave paring mediated by phonon with around
which corresponds to the half-breathing mode of the oxygen
motion.Comment: 14 pages, 13 figure
Critical exponents and equation of state of the three-dimensional Heisenberg universality class
We improve the theoretical estimates of the critical exponents for the
three-dimensional Heisenberg universality class. We find gamma=1.3960(9),
nu=0.7112(5), eta=0.0375(5), alpha=-0.1336(15), beta=0.3689(3), and
delta=4.783(3). We consider an improved lattice phi^4 Hamiltonian with
suppressed leading scaling corrections. Our results are obtained by combining
Monte Carlo simulations based on finite-size scaling methods and
high-temperature expansions. The critical exponents are computed from
high-temperature expansions specialized to the phi^4 improved model. By the
same technique we determine the coefficients of the small-magnetization
expansion of the equation of state. This expansion is extended analytically by
means of approximate parametric representations, obtaining the equation of
state in the whole critical region. We also determine a number of universal
amplitude ratios.Comment: 40 pages, final version. In publication in Phys. Rev.
Observation of exclusive DVCS in polarized electron beam asymmetry measurements
We report the first results of the beam spin asymmetry measured in the
reaction e + p -> e + p + gamma at a beam energy of 4.25 GeV. A large asymmetry
with a sin(phi) modulation is observed, as predicted for the interference term
of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering and the Bethe-Heitler process. The
amplitude of this modulation is alpha = 0.202 +/- 0.028. In leading-order and
leading-twist pQCD, the alpha is directly proportional to the imaginary part of
the DVCS amplitude.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure
Spin asymmetry A_1^d and the spin-dependent structure function g_1^d of the deuteron at low values of x and Q^2
We present a precise measurement of the deuteron longitudinal spin asymmetry
A_1^d and of the deuteron spin-dependent structure function g_1^d at Q^2 < 1
GeV^2 and 4*10^-5 < x < 2.5*10^-2 based on the data collected by the COMPASS
experiment at CERN during the years 2002 and 2003. The statistical precision is
tenfold better than that of the previous measurement in this region. The
measured A_1^d and g_1^d are found to be consistent with zero in the whole
range of x.Comment: 17 pages, 10 figure
A Kinematically Complete Measurement of the Proton Structure Function F2 in the Resonance Region and Evaluation of Its Moments
We measured the inclusive electron-proton cross section in the nucleon
resonance region (W < 2.5 GeV) at momentum transfers Q**2 below 4.5 (GeV/c)**2
with the CLAS detector. The large acceptance of CLAS allowed for the first time
the measurement of the cross section in a large, contiguous two-dimensional
range of Q**2 and x, making it possible to perform an integration of the data
at fixed Q**2 over the whole significant x-interval. From these data we
extracted the structure function F2 and, by including other world data, we
studied the Q**2 evolution of its moments, Mn(Q**2), in order to estimate
higher twist contributions. The small statistical and systematic uncertainties
of the CLAS data allow a precise extraction of the higher twists and demand
significant improvements in theoretical predictions for a meaningful comparison
with new experimental results.Comment: revtex4 18 pp., 12 figure
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