Allocating Limited Resources to Protect a Massive Number of Targets using a Game Theoretic Model

Resource allocation is the process of optimizing the rare resources. In the area of security, how to allocate limited resources to protect a massive number of targets is especially challenging. This paper addresses this resource allocation issue by constructing a game theoretic model. A defender and an attacker are players and the interaction is formulated as a trade-off between protecting targets and consuming resources. The action cost which is a necessary role of consuming resource, is considered in the proposed model. Additionally, a bounded rational behavior model (Quantal Response, QR), which simulates a human attacker of the adversarial nature, is introduced to improve the proposed model. To validate the proposed model, we compare the different utility functions and resource allocation strategies. The comparison results suggest that the proposed resource allocation strategy performs better than others in the perspective of utility and resource effectiveness.Comment: 14 pages, 12 figures, 41 reference

Improved Variable Step-Size and Variable Parameters LMS Adaptive Filtering Algorithm

In order to achieve the best filtering performance and make the filter automatically adjust its coefficients with the changing of its working environment, we need to use adaptive filter technique. To overcome the contradiction of traditional LMS algorithm between convergence speed, convergence accuracy and the selection of step-size, a novel variable step-size & variable parameters adaptive filter algorithm based on modified hyperbolic tangent function was proposed, whose theory and process were worked out and the design principle of adjusting factors were given. Theory and simulation results verified the convergence properties and superiorities of this algorithm under different circumstances

Toxic Megacolon and Perforated Fungal Diverticulitis due to Mucor indicus Infection in a Patient with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

Introduction: Intestinal zygomycosis is a rare infection by the fungi zygomycetes that have little intrinsic pathogenicity in normal hosts and mainly affects immune compromised patients. Mucor indicus is a rare, emerging cause of intestinal zygomycosis with only 8 reported cases in English literature since 1986.Presentation of Case: We reported an unusual case of toxic megacolon, fungal diverticulitis with perforation and liver abscesses caused by Mucor indicus in a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), B-lymphoid blast crisis and pancytopenia. The patient was treated with total colectomy and aggressive systemic anti-fungal regimens consisting of amphotericin, caspofungin and posaconazole. However, his fungal abscess in the liver persisted after colectomy, which was confirmed by liver biopsy at four months after total colectomy. His CML and B-lymphoid blast crisis was successfully treated with hyper-CVAD plus dasatinib and had been in complete remission. The patient was alive and continued to have stable fungal infection in the liver based on CT scan at 32 months after total colectomy, for which he has been on posaconazole monotherapy.Conclusions: Mucor indicus may cause a rare invasive zygomycosis that tends to involve gastrointestinal tract and to disseminate to the liver

Robust model of fresh jujube soluble solids content with near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy

A robust partial least square (PLS) calibration model with high accuracy and stability was established for the measurement of soluble solids content (SSC) of fresh jujube using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopytechnique. Fresh jujube samples were collected in different areas of Taigu and Taiyuan cities, central China in 2008 and 2009. A partial least squares (PLS) calibration model was established based on the NIR spectra of 70 fresh jujube samples collected in 2008. A good calibration result was obtained with correlation coefficient (Rc) of 0.9530 and the root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) of 0.3951 °Brix. Another PLS calibration model was established based on the NIR spectral of 180 samples collected in 2009; it resulted in the Rc of 0.8536 and the RMSEC of 1.1410 °Brix. It could be seen that the accuracy of established PLS models were different when samples harvested in different years were used for the model calibration. In order to improve the accuracy and robustness of model, different numbers (5, 10, 15, 20, 30 and 40) of samples harvested in 2008 were added to the calibration sample set of the model with samples harvested in 2009, respectively. The established PLS models obtained Rc with the range of 0.8846 to 0.8893 and RMSEC with the range of 1.0248 to 0.9645 °Brix. The obtained results werebetter than the result of the model which was established only with samples harvested in 2009. Moreover, the models established using different numbers of added samples had similar results. Therefore, it was concluded that adding samples from another harvest year could improve the accuracy and robustness of the model for SSC prediction of fresh jujube. The overall results proved that the consideration of samples from different harvest places and years would be useful for establishing an accuracy and robustness spectral model.Keywords: Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, Huping jujube, soluble solids content (SSC), partial least squares (PLS), accuracy, stabilit

EFEK ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH DELIMA (GRANATI FRUCTUS CORTEX) PADA BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI TERHADAP STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS SECARA IN VITRO.

Kulit buah delima (Granati fructus cortex) mengandung senyawa-senyawa antibakteri seperti alkaloid, flavonoid dan tannin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan efek antibakteri ekstrak kulit buah delima (Granati fructus cortex) dalam menghambat Streptococcus mutans. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental laboratoris dengan desain posttest-only control. Uji daya hambat ini menggunakan metode difusi agar pada media MHA. Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak kulit buah delima dalam berbagai konsentrasi memiliki efek antibakteri, dimana ekstrak kulit buah delima 30% memiliki rata-rata zona hambat paling besar (15.4 mm), semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak kulit buah delima maka semakin besar zona hambat yang terbentuk. Hasil uji ini juga menunjukkan adanya perbedaan rata-rata zona hambat dalam berbagai konsentrasi. Disimpulkan bahwa (Granati fructus cortex) memiliki efek antibakteri terhadap pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans.Banda Ace