Isolation and characterization of cDNA encoding stilbene synthases from Chinese wild Vitis pseudoreticulata

mRNA differential display was employed to study powdery mildew disease resistance gene expression in Chinese wild Vitis pseudoreticulata 'Baihe-35-1' inoculated with Erysiphe necator (syn. Uncinula necator) under natural field conditions. A cDNA fragment T11AC/B0320-723 showing homology to stilbene synthase (STS) gene expressed more strongly at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 days after inoculation of leaves than in controls was found. The full cDNA length was cloned by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Sequencing of the full length cDNA revealed cDNA sequences, sized 1288, 1411, 1468, 1492, 1506 and 1556 base pairs encoding 6 homologous polypeptides with 392 amino acid residues each, that were designated as VpSTS1, VpSTS2, VpSTS3, VpSTS4, VpSTS5 and VpSTS6 respectively. The deduced amino acid sequences shared identity of 65 %, 77 % and more than 94 % with Pinus strobus STS, Vitis vinifera chalcone synthase (CHS), and Vitis riparia, Vitis labrusca, Parthenocissus henryana, Cissus rhombifolia, Parthenocissus quinquefolia and Vitis vinifera STS, respectively.

Genetic inter-relationships among Chinese wild grapes based on SRAP marker analyses

Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) markers were used to assess genetic inter-relationships among 39 grape genotypes. These included 22 indigenous Chinese grape species/varieties, the north American V. riparia and the European V. vinifera L. 'Thompson seedless' and 'Pinot noir'. Of the 72 SRAP primer combinations tested, 25 primers generated 135 reliable bands, with an average of 5.52 bands per primer pair. Further analysis shows that 106 of 135 bands were generated by 25 polymorphic primer pairs, with a polymorphism efficiency of 79 %. The similarity coefficients of SRAP polymorphism varied from 0.463 to 0.981 among the genotypes analysed. A dendrogram analysis divided the 39 Vitis accessions into 21 groups with similarity coefficients of 0.83. It reveals broadly similar genetic relationships among the genotypes examined to those previously determined using classical taxonomic methods. Our results define V. heyneana subsp. ficifolia and V. baihensis as subspecies of V. heyneana and V. bashanica, respectively. We question the placement of V. davidii var. cyanocarpa and V. davidii var. ningqiangensis as varieties in V. davidii

A review of taxonomic research on Chinese wild grapes

The taxonomy of Chinese wild grapes can be traced back to the end of the 18th century. However, most research in this field was performed in the last three decades. On the basis of the data from the Chinese wild grape germplasm collected in the last 25 years at the College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China, and publications by other scientists in China, we concluded there were 40 species, 1 subspecies, and 13 varieties of Chinese wild grapes. These were classified into 1 subgenus, 5 sections and 4 series according to FASONG WANG et al.’s systematics. The systematics on Chinese wild grapes is discussed in this paper.

The eco-geographic distribution of wild grape germplasm in China

Chinese wild Vitis species are mainly distributed in four major eco-geographic regions: (1) The Changbaishan Mountains and Xiaoxing’anling Mountains Region, (2) The Qinling Mountains Region, (3) The Mid-downstream Yangtze River Region and (4) The Guangxi Region. One, eighteen, thirty-two, and thirteen Vitis species have been found in these four regions, respectively. The Qinling Montains, the Bashan Montains, and the provinces of Jinagxi, Hubei, Hunan, and Guangxi have high Vitis diversity totaling over 30 species, indicating that these regions may be a major center of origin for Vitis. The range of distribution varies much among the species: Vitis pentagona, Vitis flexuosa, Vitis davidii, and Vitis wilsonae have a wide eco-geographic distribution; Vitis hancockii, Vitis bellula, and Vitis sinocinerea distribute more narrowly. The wild Vitis species of China are differentiated and adapted to local climates. We hope that this review familiarizes more researchers with the distribution of the wild grapes of China and will lead to more efficient collection and informed development of this germplasm.

A Study on the Relationship Between ERP Logic and Direct Consume Coefficient of I/O Table

Abstract. The paper analyzes necessity and possibility of integrating ERP with Input-Output technology (I/O). It studies relationship between ERP logic and the direct consume coefficient of manufacture enterprise I/O table, and proves that it is feasible to convert basic data of ERP to direct consume coefficient and entire consume coefficient of enterprise I/O table. It also proves that it is convenient to use ERP basic data to make manufacture enterprise I/O table, and to analyze and improve decision making

A group decision-making model for wastewater treatment plans selection based on intuitionistic fuzzy sets

As the need for environmental protection and resource sustainability has increased in recent times, wastewater treatment has become increasingly important. In this paper, a group decision-making model for plans selection in wastewater treatment is proposed. In order to deal with uncertainties and multiple attributes in wastewater treatment, an intuitionistic fuzzy set is employed to evaluate wastewater treatment plans effectively. A distance measure is defined to obtain an objective weight measuring the expert’s judgment. More specifically, experts first use group decision-making on the various plans with an intuitionistic fuzzy set. Meanwhile, Due to the decision-makers psychological behavior, the prospect theory is applied. Next, the various plans are ranked by The Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method and prospect theory. Finally, an illustrative example of wastewater treatment plans selection is used to verify the proposed model

Isolation of high quality RNA from Polyporus umbellatus (Pers.) Fries

Background: The dried sclerotium of medicinal fungus Polyporus umbellatus (Pers.) Fries has many pharmacological functions such as diuretic and anticancer activity, in which high-content polysaccharides may play an important role. However, RNA isolation is difficult in filamentous fungi and lacking in P. umbellatus. Results: Five methods for RNA extraction from five strains collected from four provinces were assessed for their ability to recover a high-quality RNA applicable for sequence-related amplification polymorphism (SRAP) PCR and GDP-D-mannose pyrophosphorylase (GMP) gene expression profiles. Both A260/A280 and A260/A230 ratios of the best Trizol Plus + RNAiso-mate for Plant Tissue method are around 2 with a yield of 1122.00 \ub1 0.21 ng \u3bcl-1. The Trizol method also showed good quality with the yield 469.60 ng \u3bcl-1. The SRAP PCR amplified clear and polymorphic bands in all five cDNA samples transcribed from RNA by using primer Me4-Em4. GMP gene fragment (1251 bp) was successfully amplified by RT-PCR, suggesting the integrity of isolated RNA. Conclusion:All these results showed that the total RNA isolated by this protocol is of sufficient quality for subsequent molecular applications

Association of dementia with immunoglobulin G N-glycans in a Chinese Han population

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) functionality can drastically change from anti- to proinflammatory by alterations in the IgG N-glycan patterns. Our previous studies have demonstrated that IgG N-glycans associated with the risk factors of dementia, such as aging, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and ischemic stroke. Therefore, the aim is to investigate whether the effects of IgG N-glycan profiles on dementia exists in a Chinese Han population. A case–control study, including 81 patients with dementia, 81 age- and gender-matched controls with normal cognitive functioning (NC) and 108 non-matched controls with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was performed. Plasma IgG N-glycans were separated by ultra-performance liquid chromatography. Fourteen glycan peaks reflecting decreased of sialylation and core fucosylation, and increased bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) N-glycan structures were of statistically significant differences between dementia and NC groups after controlling for confounders (p \u3c 0.05; q \u3c 0.05). Similarly, the differences for these 14 initial glycans were statistically significant between AD and NC groups after adjusting for the effects of confounders (p \u3c 0.05; q \u3c 0.05). The area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) value of the model consisting of GP8, GP9, and GP14 was determined to distinguish dementia from NC group as 0.876 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.815–0.923] and distinguish AD from NC group as 0.887 (95% CI: 0.819–0.936). Patients with dementia were of an elevated proinflammatory activity via the significant changes of IgG glycome. Therefore, IgG N-glycans might contribute to be potential novel biomarkers for the neurodegenerative process risk assessment of dementia