4,160 research outputs found
Gate-Tunable Tunneling Resistance in Graphene/Topological Insulator Vertical Junctions
Graphene-based vertical heterostructures, particularly stacks incorporated
with other layered materials, are promising for nanoelectronics. The stacking
of two model Dirac materials, graphene and topological insulator, can
considerably enlarge the family of van der Waals heterostructures. Despite well
understanding of the two individual materials, the electron transport
properties of a combined vertical heterojunction are still unknown. Here we
show the experimental realization of a vertical heterojunction between Bi2Se3
nanoplate and monolayer graphene. At low temperatures, the electron transport
through the vertical heterojunction is dominated by the tunneling process,
which can be effectively tuned by gate voltage to alter the density of states
near the Fermi surface. In the presence of a magnetic field, quantum
oscillations are observed due to the quantized Landau levels in both graphene
and the two-dimensional surface states of Bi2Se3. Furthermore, we observe an
exotic gate-tunable tunneling resistance under high magnetic field, which
displays resistance maxima when the underlying graphene becomes a quantum Hall
insulator
Robust Sound Event Classification using Deep Neural Networks
The automatic recognition of sound events by computers is an important aspect of emerging applications such as automated surveillance, machine hearing and auditory scene understanding. Recent advances in machine learning, as well as in computational models of the human auditory system, have contributed to advances in this increasingly popular research field. Robust sound event classification, the ability to recognise sounds under real-world noisy conditions, is an especially challenging task. Classification methods translated from the speech recognition domain, using features such as mel-frequency cepstral coefficients, have been shown to perform reasonably well for the sound event classification task, although spectrogram-based or auditory image analysis techniques reportedly achieve superior performance in noise.
This paper outlines a sound event classification framework that compares auditory image front end features with spectrogram image-based front end features, using support vector machine and deep neural network classifiers. Performance is evaluated on a standard robust classification task in different levels of corrupting noise, and with several system enhancements, and shown to compare very well with current state-of-the-art classification techniques
catena-Poly[[[bis(acetato-κ2 O,O′)aquacadmium]-μ-[(pyridin-3-yl)(pyridin-4-yl)methanone]-κ2 N:N′] dihydrate]
In the title complex, {[Cd(CH3COO)2(C11H8N2O)(H2O)]·2H2O}n, the CdII ion adopts an O5N2 pentagonal–bipyramidal coordination geometry with four acetate O atoms and one water O atom at the equatorial sites and two pyridine N atoms at the axial sites. The (pyridin-3-yl)(pyridin-4-yl)methanone ligand acts in a μ2-bridging mode, linking the metal atoms, leading to an infinite chain along [-110]. O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds involving the lattice water molecules connect these chains into a three-dimensional network
A SiO J = 5 - 4 Survey Toward Massive Star Formation Regions
We performed a survey in the SiO line toward a sample of
199 Galactic massive star-forming regions at different evolutionary stages with
the SMT 10 m and CSO 10.4 m telescopes. The sample consists of 44 infrared dark
clouds (IRDCs), 86 protostellar candidates, and 69 young \HII\ regions. We
detected SiO line emission in 102 sources, with a detection
rate of 57\%, 37\%, and 65\% for IRDCs, protostellar candidates, and young
\HII\ regions, respectively. We find both broad line with Full Widths at Zero
Power (FWZP) 20 \kms and narrow line emissons of SiO in objects at various
evolutionary stages, likely associated with high-velocity shocks and
low-velocity shocks, respectively. The SiO luminosities do not show apparent
differences among various evolutionary stages in our sample. We find no
correlation between the SiO abundance and the luminosity-to-mass ratio,
indicating that the SiO abundance does not vary significantly in regions at
different evolutionary stages of star formation.Comment: 25 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in Ap
Polymorphisms of CYP1A1 I462V and GSTM1 genotypes and lung cancer susceptibility in Mongolian
Aim: To study the genotype of cytochrome P450 1A1(CYP1A1) I462V and glutathions S-transferase M1( GSTM1) and the relationship of the genetic polymorphism of them with the susceptibility of lung cancer in Mongolia of China. 

Methods: Allele-specific PCR and a multiplex PCR were employed to identify the genotypes of I462V of CYP1A1 and GSTM1 in a case-control study of 210 lung cancer patients with bronchoscopy diagnosis and 210 matched controls free of malignancy.

Results: The frequencies of the variant CYP1A1(Val/Val) genotypes and GSTM1(-) in lung cancer groups were higher than that in control groups (15.24% vs 7.4% and 56.67% vs 40.95% ). The individuals who carried with CYP1A1(Val/Val) or GSTM1(-) genotype had a significantly higher risk of lung cancer, the OR is 2.56 and 1.89 respectively. Stratified histologically the relative risk increased to 2.6 - fold when the patients carried with two valine alleles than the ones carried one valine allele in cases of SCC. GSTM1(-) genotype is the risk factor of SCC (OR=2.39) and AC(OR=2.16). The presence of at least one Val allele of CYP1A1 and GSTM1(-), the risk of lung cancer was increased, the OR was 4.15 for one Val allele and GSTM1(-) and 2.67 for two Val alleles and GSTM1 Considering ages and smoking status, the risk of lung cancer increased when the age less than 50 who carried with CYP1A1 valine (one or two) alleles or the age during the 51 to 65 who carried with GSTM1(-) genotype. The light smokers with CYP1A1 valine alleles and GSTM1(-) have a high risk for lung cancer. No association was found between the light and heavy drinkers with the susceptibility of lung cancer and the genetic polymorphisms of CYP1A1 I462V and GSTM1(-). 

Conclusion: The valine allele of CYP1A1 was the risk factors of lung cancer especially for SCC and GSTM1(-) also was the risk factor of lung cancer and especially for SCC and AC of Mongolian, China. Light smoking has a influence each other with genotype of CYP1A1 I462V and GSTM1(-) and susceptibility of lung cancer. No relationship was found between the susceptibility of lung cancer and drinkers with genetic polymorphisms of CYP1A1 I462V and GSTM1(-). The influence of genotypes on the susceptibility of lung cancer may depend on the ages. There may be a synergetic interaction between CYP1A1 valine allele and GSTM1(-) genotypes on the elevated susceptibility of lung cancer. So do those genotypes with light smokers. Key words polymorphism; genotype; lung cancer; cytochrome P450;glutathione S-transferase Abbreviations: SCC, squamous cell carcinoma; AC, adenocarcinoma; SCLC, small cell lung cancer; LCLC, large cell lung cance
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