The interplay between thermodynamics and kinetics in the solid-state synthesis of layered oxides.

In the synthesis of inorganic materials, reactions often yield non-equilibrium kinetic byproducts instead of the thermodynamic equilibrium phase. Understanding the competition between thermodynamics and kinetics is a fundamental step towards the rational synthesis of target materials. Here, we use in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction to investigate the multistage crystallization pathways of the important two-layer (P2) sodium oxides Na0.67MO2 (M = Co, Mn). We observe a series of fast non-equilibrium phase transformations through metastable three-layer O3, O3' and P3 phases before formation of the equilibrium two-layer P2 polymorph. We present a theoretical framework to rationalize the observed phase progression, demonstrating that even though P2 is the equilibrium phase, compositionally unconstrained reactions between powder precursors favour the formation of non-equilibrium three-layered intermediates. These insights can guide the choice of precursors and parameters employed in the solid-state synthesis of ceramic materials, and constitutes a step forward in unravelling the complex interplay between thermodynamics and kinetics during materials synthesis

STGIN: Spatial-Temporal Graph Interaction Network for Large-scale POI Recommendation

In Location-Based Services, Point-Of-Interest(POI) recommendation plays a crucial role in both user experience and business opportunities. Graph neural networks have been proven effective in providing personalized POI recommendation services. However, there are still two critical challenges. First, existing graph models attempt to capture users' diversified interests through a unified graph, which limits their ability to express interests in various spatial-temporal contexts. Second, the efficiency limitations of graph construction and graph sampling in large-scale systems make it difficult to adapt quickly to new real-time interests. To tackle the above challenges, we propose a novel Spatial-Temporal Graph Interaction Network. Specifically, we construct subgraphs of spatial, temporal, spatial-temporal, and global views respectively to precisely characterize the user's interests in various contexts. In addition, we design an industry-friendly framework to track the user's latest interests. Extensive experiments on the real-world dataset show that our method outperforms state-of-the-art models. This work has been successfully deployed in a large e-commerce platform, delivering a 1.1% CTR and 6.3% RPM improvement.Comment: accepted by CIKM 202

Image Super-Resolution using Efficient Striped Window Transformer

Transformers have achieved remarkable results in single-image super-resolution (SR). However, the challenge of balancing model performance and complexity has hindered their application in lightweight SR (LSR). To tackle this challenge, we propose an efficient striped window transformer (ESWT). We revisit the normalization layer in the transformer and design a concise and efficient transformer structure to build the ESWT. Furthermore, we introduce a striped window mechanism to model long-term dependencies more efficiently. To fully exploit the potential of the ESWT, we propose a novel flexible window training strategy that can improve the performance of the ESWT without additional cost. Extensive experiments show that ESWT outperforms state-of-the-art LSR transformers, and achieves a better trade-off between model performance and complexity. The ESWT requires fewer parameters, incurs faster inference, smaller FLOPs, and less memory consumption, making it a promising solution for LSR.Comment: SOTA lightweight super-resolution transformer. 8 pages, 9 figures and 6 tables. The Code is available at https://github.com/Fried-Rice-Lab/FriedRiceLa

Nanoscale distribution of Bi atoms in InP1-xBix

The nanoscale distribution of Bi in InPBi is determined by atom probe tomography and transmission electron microscopy. The distribution of Bi atoms is not uniform both along the growth direction and within the film plane. A statistically high Bi-content region is observed at the bottom of the InPBi layer close to the InPBi/InP interface. Bi-rich V-shaped walls on the (−111) and (1–11) planes close to the InPBi/InP interface and quasi-periodic Bi-rich nanowalls in the (1–10) plane with a periodicity of about 100 nm are observed. A growth model is proposed to explain the formation of these unique Bi-related nanoscale features. These features can significantly affect the deep levels of the InPBi epilayer. The regions in the InPBi layer with or without these Bi-related nanostructures exhibit different optical properties

Plasmonic Optical Tweezers for Particle Manipulation: Principles, Methods, and Applications

Inspired by the idea of combining conventional optical tweezers with plasmonic nanostructures, a technique named plasmonic optical tweezers (POT) has been widely explored from fundamental principles to applications. With the ability to break the diffraction barrier and enhance the localized electromagnetic field, POT techniques are especially effective for high spatial-resolution manipulation of nanoscale or even subnanoscale objects, from small bioparticles to atoms. In addition, POT can be easily integrated with other techniques such as lab-on-chip devices, which results in a very promising alternative technique for high-throughput single-bioparticle sensing or imaging. Despite its label-free, high-precision, and high-spatial-resolution nature, it also suffers from some limitations. One of the main obstacles is that the plasmonic nanostructures are located over the surfaces of a substrate, which makes the manipulation of bioparticles turn from a three-dimensional problem to a nearly two-dimensional problem. Meanwhile, the operation zone is limited to a predefined area. Therefore, the target objects must be delivered to the operation zone near the plasmonic structures. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art target delivery methods for the POT-based particle manipulating technique, along with its applications in single-bioparticle analysis/imaging, high-throughput bioparticle purifying, and single-atom manipulation. Future developmental perspectives of POT techniques are also discussed

The Paramagnetic or Spin Crossover Iron(III) Complexes Based-on Pentadentate Schiff Base Ligand: Crystal Structure, and Magnetic Property Investigation

A series of bi- or mononuclear hexacoordinate iron(III) complexes, [Fe(L)][Fe(bpb)(CN)2]·CH3OH·0.5H2O (1), [Fe(L)][Co(bpb)(CN)2]·CH3OH (2) [(Fe (L))2(4,4’-bipy)](BPh4)2 (3), [Fe(L)(py)](BPh4) (4) and [Fe(L)(dmap)](BPh4) (5) (bpb = 1,2-bis(pyridine-2-carboxamido)benzenate, L = N,N’-bis(2-hydroxybenzyliden)-1,7-diamino-4-azaheptane, dmap = 4-dimethylaminopyridine), have been prepared with the pentadentate Schiff base iron(III) compound as assemble precursor and characterized by element analysis, IR and X-ray diffraction. Single crystal structural determination revealed the neutral cyanide-bridged binuclear entity for complexes 1 and 2 and the cationic di- or mononuclear structure for complexes 3–5 with the positive charge(s) balanced by BPh4– ion(s). The experimental study and theoretical simulation of the magnetic property discovered the ferromagnetic coupling between the Fe(III) ions bridged by cyanide group in complex 1 and the always high spin state of the Fe(III) ion coordinated to the Schiff base ligand in both complexes 1 and 2. The temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility investigation over complexes 3–5 showed the occurrence of the thermo-induced gradual complete spin crossover (SCO) property at about 115, 170 and 200 K, respectively

Spin Crossover in a Series of Non-Hofmann-Type Fe(II) Coordination Polymers Based on [Hg(SeCN)3]-; or [Hg(SeCN)4]2-; Building Blocks

This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Inorganic Chemistry, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00802.[EN] Self-assembly of [Hg(SeCN)(4)](2)-tetrahedral building blocks, iron(II) ions, and a series of bis-monodentate pyridyltype bridging ligands has afforded the new heterobimetallic Hg-II-Fe-II coordination polymers {Fe[Hg(SeCN)(3)](2)(4,4'-bipy)(2)}(n) (1), {Fe[Hg(SeCN)(4)](tvp)}(n) (2), {Fe[Hg(SeCN)(3)](2)(4,4'-azpy)(2)}(n) (3), {Fe[Hg(SeCN)(4)](4,4'-azpy)(MeOH)} n (4), {Fe[Hg(SeCN)(4)](3,3'- bipy)} n (5) and {Fe[Hg(SeCN)4](3,3'-azpy)}(n) (6) (4,4-bipy = 4,4'-bipyridine, tvp = trans-1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene, 4,4'-azpy = 4,4'-azobispyridine, 3,3-bipy = 3,3'bipyridine, 3,3'-azpy = 3,3'-azobispyridine). Single-crystal X-ray analyses show that compounds 1 and 3 display a two-dimensional robust sheet structure made up of infinite linear [(FeL)n]2n+ (L = 4,4'-bipy or 4,4'-azpy) chains linked by in situ formed {[Hg(L)(SeCN)(3)](2)}(2)-anionic dimeric bridges. Complexes 2 and 4-6 define three-dimensional networks with different topological structures, indicating, in combination with complexes 1 and 3, that the polarity, length, rigidity, and conformation of the bridging organic ligand play important roles in the structural nature of the products reported here. The magnetic properties of complexes 1 and 2 show the occurrence of temperature-and light-induced spin crossover (SCO) properties, while complexes 4-6 are in the high-spin state at all temperatures. The current results provide a new route for the design and synthesis of new SCO functional materials with non-Hofmann-type traditional structures.This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (21671121and 21773006), the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN) and FEDER funds (PID2019-106147GB-I00), and Unidad de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu (CEX2019-000919-M).Cao, T.; Valverde-Muñoz, FJ.; Duan, X.; Zhang, M.; Wang, P.; Xing, L.; Sun, F.... (2021). Spin Crossover in a Series of Non-Hofmann-Type Fe(II) Coordination Polymers Based on [Hg(SeCN)3]-; or [Hg(SeCN)4]2-; Building Blocks. Inorganic Chemistry. 60(15):11048-11057. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c008021104811057601

The prediction model of moisture content’s stabilization during tobacco strip drying process

[EN] A mathematical model was established to predict the mean value and variance of tobacco strip during drying processing, based that the physical and chemical properties of tobacco strip as agriculture products show probability distributions. The results show that the model can predict the mean value of moisture content at different times, and there is a certain deviation in predicting the variance of moisture content at initial stage of drying process. However, the prediction value of the variance of tobacco strip is much more accurate while the moisture content is between 8% and 10%, which is the interval of quality requirements.Zhang, M.; Huang, F.; Chen, Q.; Wang, L.; Wang, H.; Li, B.; Wang, B. (2018). The prediction model of moisture content’s stabilization during tobacco strip drying process. En IDS 2018. 21st International Drying Symposium Proceedings. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1511-1517. https://doi.org/10.4995/IDS2018.2018.7409OCS1511151