13 research outputs found
Heterogeneous silver-polyaniline nanocomposites with tunable morphology and controllable catalytic properties
National Natural Science Foundation of China [51173153, U1205113]; Special Program for Key Research of Chinese National Basic Research Program [2011CB612303]; Xiamen Science and Technology Committee [3502Z20121021, 3502Z20120015]This paper introduces not only a simple hydrothermal route to silver-polyaniline (Ag-PANI) nanocomposites with controllable morphology, but also a type of catalyst possessing tunable and switchable catalytic capability. Ag-PANI Janus nanoparticles (NPs) and Ag@PANI core-shell NPs have been constructed successfully at different hydrothermal temperatures. The diameter of both Ag and PANI hemispheres of Janus NPs, as well as the PANI shell thickness of core-shell NPs, was finely tuned via adjustment of the feed ratio. We also gained a deeper insight into the functionalities of PANI components in the catalytic capability of the heterogeneous catalysts, choosing catalytic reductions of nitrobenzene (NB) and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) as model reactions. Our results showed that the catalytic capability of the nanocomposites was dependent on the PANI morphology and hydrophobicity. The PANI shell coating on Ag NPs can concentrate the lipophilic NB, thus leading to an enhanced catalytic capability of Ag@PANI core-shell NPs. However, this enhanced catalytic capability was not observed for Ag-PANI Janus NPs when catalytically reducing NB. More importantly, the catalytic capability of the core-shell NPs in the reduction of hydrophilic 4-NP is switchable by varying the PANI shell from an undoped to a doped state
Biomphalaria species distribution and its effect on human Schistosoma mansoni infection in an irrigated area used for rice cultivation in northeast Brazil
The role of irrigated areas for the spread of schistosomiasis is of worldwide concern. The aim of the present study was to investigate the spatial distribution of the intermediate snail host Biomphalaria in an area highly endemic for schistosomiasis due to Schistosoma mansoni, evaluating the relationship between irrigation and types of natural water sources on one hand, and the influence of place and time of water exposure on the intensity of human infection on the other. A geographical information system (GIS) was used to map the distribution of the intermediate snail hosts in Ilha das Flores, Sergipe, Brazil, combined with a clinical/epidemiological survey. We observed a direct correlation between the intensity of human infection with S. mansoni and irrigation projects. Malacological studies to identify snail species and infection rates showed that B. glabrata is the main species responsible for human schistosomiasis in the municipality, but that B. straminea
also plays a role. Our results provide evidence for a competitive selection between the two snail species in rice fields with a predominance of B. glabrata in irrigation systems and B. straminea in natural water sources
Polyester-Tethered Near-Infrared Fluorophores Confined in Colloidal Nanoparticles: Tunable Excitonic Coupling and Biomedical Applications
Intricate assembly of multiple molecular chromophores assisted by protein scaffolds is essential in tuning the optical absorption and energy transfer in the light-harvesting complexes of the photosynthetic systems in nature. However, it remains a challenge to achieve such structural complexity and functionality in synthetic polymer-chromophore systems. Here we report a series of polyester-tethered pyrrolopyrrole cyanine derivatives and their colloidal nanoparticles dispersed in water, which show tunable J- or H-aggregation excitonic coupling and near-infrared fluorescence by precise control of the polymer chain lengths, composition, and temperature. Moreover, the optimal fluorescence or photothermal effect of the J-aggregates nanoparticles enables broad applications in fluorescence or photoacoustic bioimaging and phototherapy
Self-assembly of three-dimensional CdS nanosphere/graphene networks for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
In this work, we report the construction of three-dimensional (3D) CdS nanosphere/graphene networks by a one-step hydrothermal self-assembly route. The 3D graphene networks not only enhance the light scattering, thanks to the interconnected 3D architecture, but also improve the crystallinity of deposited CdS nanospheres, and at the same time provide a direct electron pathway to quickly separate the photogenerated electron-hole pairs from CdS, which thus dramatically improve the photocatalytic activity. The optimized 3D CdS nanosphere/graphene networks with 2 wt% of graphene could produce molecular hydrogen at a rate of 2310 µmol gcatalyst−1 h−1 under visible-light illumination (λ > 400 nm).ASTAR (Agency for Sci., Tech. and Research, S’pore)MOE (Min. of Education, S’pore
Hydrophobic-Sheath Segregated Macromolecular Fluorophores: Colloidal Nanoparticles of Polycaprolactone-Grafted Conjugated Polymers with Bright Far-Red/Near-Infrared Emission for Biological Imaging
This article describes molecular
design, synthesis and characterization
of colloidal nanoparticles containing polycaprolactone-grafted conjugated
polymers that exhibit strong far red/near-infrared (FR/NIR) fluorescence
for bioimaging. Specifically, we synthesized two kinds of conjugated
polymer bottle brushes (PFTB<sup>out</sup>-<i>g</i>-PCL
and PFTB<sup>in</sup>-<i>g</i>-PCL) with different positions
of the hexyl groups on the thiophene rings. A synthetic amphiphilic
block copolymer PCL-<i>b</i>-POEGMA was employed as surfactants
to encapsulate PFTB-<i>g</i>-PCL polymers into colloidal
nanoparticles (denoted as “nanoREDs”) in aqueous media.
The chain length of the PCL side chains in PFTB-<i>g</i>-PCL played a critical role in determining the fluorescence properties
in both bulk solid states and the colloidal nanoparticles. Compared
to semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) composed of PFTB<sup>out</sup> without grafted PCL, nanoRED<sup>out</sup> showed at least four
times higher fluorescence quantum yield (∼20%) and a broader
emission band centered at 635 nm. We further demonstrated the application
of this new class of nanoREDs for effective labeling of L929 cells
and HeLa cancer cells with good biocompatibility. This strategy of
hydrophobic-sheath segregated macromolecular fluorophores is expected
to be applicable to a broad range of conjugated polymers with tunable
optical properties for applications such as bioimaging
Biomphalaria species distribution and its effect on human Schistosoma mansoni infection in an irrigated area used for rice cultivation in northeast Brazil
The role of irrigated areas for the spread of schistosomiasis is of worldwide concern. The aim of the present study was to investigate the spatial distribution of the intermediate snail host Biomphalaria in an area highly endemic for schistosomiasis due to Schistosoma mansoni, evaluating the relationship between irrigation and types of natural water sources on one hand, and the influence of place and time of water exposure on the intensity of human infection on the other. A geographical information system (GIS) was used to map the distribution of the intermediate snail hosts in Ilha das Flores, Sergipe, Brazil, combined with a clinical/epidemiological survey. We observed a direct correlation between the intensity of human infection with S. mansoni and irrigation projects. Malacological studies to identify snail species and infection rates showed that B. glabrata is the main species responsible for human schistosomiasis in the municipality, but that B. straminea also plays a role. Our results provide evidence for a competitive selection between the two snail species in rice fields with a predominance of B. glabrata in irrigation systems and B. straminea in natural water sources
Biomphalaria species distribution and its effect on human Schistosoma mansoni infection in an irrigated area used for rice cultivation in northeast Brazil
The role of irrigated areas for the spread of schistosomiasis is of worldwide concern. The aim of the present study was to investigate the spatial distribution of the intermediate snail host Biomphalaria in an area highly endemic for schistosomiasis due to Schistosoma mansoni, evaluating the relationship between irrigation and types of natural water sources on one hand, and the influence of place and time of water exposure on the intensity of human infection on the other. A geographical information system (GIS) was used to map the distribution of the intermediate snail hosts in Ilha das Flores, Sergipe, Brazil, combined with a clinical/epidemiological survey. We observed a direct correlation between the intensity of human infection with S. mansoni and irrigation projects. Malacological studies to identify snail species and infection rates showed that B. glabrata is the main species responsible for human schistosomiasis in the municipality, but that B. straminea also plays a role. Our results provide evidence for a competitive selection between the two snail species in rice fields with a predominance of B. glabrata in irrigation systems and B. straminea in natural water sources