1,473 research outputs found
Fine-Grained Knowledge Selection and Restoration for Non-Exemplar Class Incremental Learning
Non-exemplar class incremental learning aims to learn both the new and old
tasks without accessing any training data from the past. This strict
restriction enlarges the difficulty of alleviating catastrophic forgetting
since all techniques can only be applied to current task data. Considering this
challenge, we propose a novel framework of fine-grained knowledge selection and
restoration. The conventional knowledge distillation-based methods place too
strict constraints on the network parameters and features to prevent
forgetting, which limits the training of new tasks. To loose this constraint,
we proposed a novel fine-grained selective patch-level distillation to
adaptively balance plasticity and stability. Some task-agnostic patches can be
used to preserve the decision boundary of the old task. While some patches
containing the important foreground are favorable for learning the new task.
Moreover, we employ a task-agnostic mechanism to generate more realistic
prototypes of old tasks with the current task sample for reducing classifier
bias for fine-grained knowledge restoration. Extensive experiments on CIFAR100,
TinyImageNet and ImageNet-Subset demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.
Code is available at https://github.com/scok30/vit-cil.Comment: to appear at AAAI 202
Rethinking the Open-Loop Evaluation of End-to-End Autonomous Driving in nuScenes
Modern autonomous driving systems are typically divided into three main
tasks: perception, prediction, and planning. The planning task involves
predicting the trajectory of the ego vehicle based on inputs from both internal
intention and the external environment, and manipulating the vehicle
accordingly. Most existing works evaluate their performance on the nuScenes
dataset using the L2 error and collision rate between the predicted
trajectories and the ground truth. In this paper, we reevaluate these existing
evaluation metrics and explore whether they accurately measure the superiority
of different methods. Specifically, we design an MLP-based method that takes
raw sensor data (e.g., past trajectory, velocity, etc.) as input and directly
outputs the future trajectory of the ego vehicle, without using any perception
or prediction information such as camera images or LiDAR. Our simple method
achieves similar end-to-end planning performance on the nuScenes dataset with
other perception-based methods, reducing the average L2 error by about 20%.
Meanwhile, the perception-based methods have an advantage in terms of collision
rate. We further conduct in-depth analysis and provide new insights into the
factors that are critical for the success of the planning task on nuScenes
dataset. Our observation also indicates that we need to rethink the current
open-loop evaluation scheme of end-to-end autonomous driving in nuScenes. Codes
are available at https://github.com/E2E-AD/AD-MLP.Comment: Technical report. Code is availabl
Comparison of survival, acute toxicities, and dose-volume parameters between intensity-modulated radiotherapy with or without internal target volume delineation method and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy in cervical cancer patients:A retrospective and propensity score-matched analysis
BACKGROUND: To evaluate whether the use of the internal target volume (ITV) delineation method improves the performance of intensityâmodulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and threeâdimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) in terms of survival, acute toxicities, and doseâvolume parameters. METHODS: A total number of 477 cervical cancer patients who received concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) from January 2012 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into four groups: the nonâITV (NâITV) + IMRT, ITV + IMRT, NâITV + 3DCRT, and ITV + 3DCRT groups, with 76, 41, 327, and 33 patients, respectively. Survival analysis was performed with the KaplanâMeier and the logârank tests, and acute toxicity analysis was performed with the chiâsquared test and the binary logistic regression test. Using the propensity score matching (PSM) method, 92 patients were matched among the four groups, and their doseâvolume parameters were assessed with the KruskalâWallis method. RESULTS: The median followâup time was 49 months (1â119) for overall survival (OS). The 5âyear OS rate was 66.4%. The ITV delineation method was an independent prognostic factor for OS (HR [95% CI]: 0.52 [0.27, 0.98], p = 0.044) and progressionâfree survival (PFS) (HR [95% CI]: 0.59 [0.36, 0.99], p = 0.045). The ITV + IMRT group had the lowest incidence rate (22%) and the NâITV + IMRT group had the highest incidence rate of grade â„3 hematological toxicity (HT) (46.1%) among the four groups. The pelvic bone marrow relative V10, V20, and V30 in the NâITV + IMRT group was higher than those in the ITV + IMRT and NâITV + 3DCRT groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The use of ITV for IMRT treatment planning was associated with improved overall survival and progressionâfree survival, with lower HT rate
A thermodynamically consistent quasi-particle model without temperature-dependent infinity of the vacuum zero point energy
In this paper, an improved quasi-particle model is presented. Unlike the
previous approach of establishing quasi-particle model, we introduce a
classical background field (it is allowed to depend on the temperature) to deal
with the infinity of thermal vacuum energy which exists in previous
quasi-particle models. After taking into account the effect of this classical
background field, the partition function of quasi-particle system can be made
well-defined. Based on this and following the standard ensemble theory, we
construct a thermodynamically consistent quasi-particle model without the need
of any reformulation of statistical mechanics or thermodynamical consistency
relation. As an application of our model, we employ it to the case of (2+1)
flavor QGP at zero chemical potential and finite temperature and obtain a good
fit to the recent lattice simulation results of S. Borsanyi . A
comparison of the result of our model with early calculations using other
models is also presented. It is shown that our method is general and can be
generalized to the case where the effective mass depends not only on the
temperature but also on the chemical potential.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
The LAMOST Survey of Background Quasars in the Vicinity of the Andromeda and Triangulum Galaxies -- II. Results from the Commissioning Observations and the Pilot Surveys
We present new quasars discovered in the vicinity of the Andromeda and
Triangulum galaxies with the LAMOST during the 2010 and 2011 observational
seasons. Quasar candidates are selected based on the available SDSS, KPNO 4 m
telescope, XSTPS optical, and WISE near infrared photometric data. We present
509 new quasars discovered in a stripe of ~135 sq. deg from M31 to M33 along
the Giant Stellar Stream in the 2011 pilot survey datasets, and also 17 new
quasars discovered in an area of ~100 sq. deg that covers the central region
and the southeastern halo of M31 in the 2010 commissioning datasets. These 526
new quasars have i magnitudes ranging from 15.5 to 20.0, redshifts from 0.1 to
3.2. They represent a significant increase of the number of identified quasars
in the vicinity of M31 and M33. There are now 26, 62 and 139 known quasars in
this region of the sky with i magnitudes brighter than 17.0, 17.5 and 18.0
respectively, of which 5, 20 and 75 are newly-discovered. These bright quasars
provide an invaluable collection with which to probe the kinematics and
chemistry of the ISM/IGM in the Local Group of galaxies. A total of 93 quasars
are now known with locations within 2.5 deg of M31, of which 73 are newly
discovered. Tens of quasars are now known to be located behind the Giant
Stellar Stream, and hundreds behind the extended halo and its associated
substructures of M31. The much enlarged sample of known quasars in the vicinity
of M31 and M33 can potentially be utilized to construct a perfect astrometric
reference frame to measure the minute PMs of M31 and M33, along with the PMs of
substructures associated with the Local Group of galaxies. Those PMs are some
of the most fundamental properties of the Local Group.Comment: 26 pages, 6 figures, AJ accepte
Efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy and autologous stem cell transplant in relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: A systematic review
BackgroundWe aimed to compare the efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy with that of autologous stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) in relapsed/refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma (R/R DLBCL).Research design and methodsWe searched eligible publications up to January 31st, 2022, in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Springer, and Scopus. A total of 16 publications with 3484 patients were independently evaluated and analyzed using STATA SE software.ResultsPatients who underwent CAR-T cell therapy showed a better overall response rate (ORR) and partial response (PR) than those treated with auto-HSCT (CAR-T vs. auto-HSCT, ORR: 80% vs. 73%, HR:0.90,95%CI:0.76-1.07,P = 0.001; PR: 20% vs. 14%, HR:0.65,95%CI:0.62-0.68,P = 0.034). No significant difference was observed in 6-month overall survival (OS) (CAR-T vs. auto-HSCT, six-month OS: 81% vs. 84%, HR:1.23,95%CI:0.63-2.38, P = 0.299), while auto-HSCT showed a favorable 1 and 2-year OS (CAR-T vs. auto-HSCT, one-year OS: 64% vs. 73%, HR:2.42,95%CI:2.27-2.79, P < 0.001; two-year OS: 54% vs. 68%, HR:1.81,95%CI:1.78-1.97, P < 0.001). Auto-HSCT also had advantages in progression-free survival (PFS) (CAR-T vs. auto-HSCT, six-month PFS: 53% vs. 76%, HR:2.81,95%CI:2.53-3.11,P < 0.001; one-year PFS: 46% vs. 61%, HR:1.84,95%CI:1.72-1.97,P < 0.001; two-year PFS: 42% vs. 54%, HR:1.62,95%CI:1.53-1.71, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis by age, prior lines of therapy, and ECOG scores was performed to compare the efficacy of both treatment modalities.ConclusionAlthough CAR-T cell therapy showed a beneficial ORR, auto-HSCT exhibited a better long-term treatment superiority in R/R DLBCL patients. Survival outcomes were consistent across different subgroups
Identification of microtubule-associated biomarkers in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and prognosis prediction
Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a genetically heterogeneous disease with a complicated prognosis. Even though various prognostic evaluations have been applied currently, they usually only use the clinical factors that overlook the molecular underlying DLBCL progression. Therefore, more accurate prognostic assessment needs further exploration. In the present study, we constructed a novel prognostic model based on microtubule associated genes (MAGs).Methods: A total of 33 normal controls and 1360 DLBCL samples containing gene-expression from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were included. Subsequently, the univariate Cox, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to select the best prognosis related genes into the MAGs model. To validate the model, Kaplan-Meier curve, and nomogram were analyzed.Results: A risk score model based on fourteen candidate MAGs (CCDC78, CD300LG, CTAG2, DYNLL2, MAPKAPK2, MREG, NME8, PGK2, RALBP1, SIGLEC1, SLC1A1, SLC39A12, TMEM63A, and WRAP73) was established. The K-M curve presented that the high-risk patients had a significantly inferior overall survival (OS) time compared to low-risk patients in training and validation datasets. Furthermore, knocking-out TMEM63A, a key gene belonging to the MAGs model, inhibited cell proliferation noticeably.Conclusion: The novel MAGs prognostic model has a well predictive capability, which may as a supplement for the current assessments. Furthermore, candidate TMEM63A gene has therapeutic target potentially in DLBCL
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