Cortical vein thrombosis in adult patients of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis correlates with poor outcome and brain lesions: a retrospective study

Abstract Background Cortical vein thrombosis (CVT) receives little attention in adult patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). This study aimed to investigate the clinical and radiological features of adult CVST patients with concomitant CVT. Methods From May 2009 to May 2016, we recruited 44 adult CVST patients (diagnosed within 1 month of onset; 33.8 ± 14.0 years of age, 28 males). CVT was primarily confirmed using computed tomography venography and magnetic resonance imaging sequence of contrast enhanced three dimensions magnetization prepared rapid acquisition with gradient echo. Patients with concomitant CVT were divided into the CVT group; otherwise, the patients were placed into the non-CVT group. The clinico-radiological characteristics were compared between the two groups. Results The CVT group included 27 patients (61.4%), and the non-CVT group included 17 patients (38.6%). Seizure (63.0% versus 11.8%), focal neurological deficits (44.4% versus 5.9%), and consciousness disorders (33.3% versus 0) occurred more frequently in the patients in the CVT group than in those of the non-CVT group (P < 0.05). The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at discharge was higher for the CVT group patients (median 2, range 1–4) than for the non-CVT group patients (median 0, range 0–4) (P < 0.001). Venous infarction (63.0% versus 11.8%), parenchymal hemorrhage (40.7% versus 5.9%), and subarachnoid hemorrhage (22.2% versus 0) were identified more frequently in the CVT group than in the non-CVT group (P < 0.05). Conclusions This study demonstrates that concomitant CVT is a common finding in adult patients with CVST and is associated with severe clinical manifestations, poor short-term outcomes, and brain lesions

Cytotoxic and cytocompatible comparison among seven photoinitiators-triggered polymers in different tissue cells

Photoinitiators (PIs) are widely used for photopolymerization in industrial area and recently paid close attention to in biomedical field. However, there are few reports on their toxicity to human health. Here we explored cytotoxicity and cytocompatibilty of seven commercial and industrial-used PIs for developing their potential clinical application. Phenylbis(acyl) phosphine oxides (BAPO), 2-Benzyl-2-(dimethylamino)-4′-morpholinobutyrophenone (369), 4,4’-Bis(diethylamino) benzophenone (EMK), Diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide (TPO), and 2-Isopropylthioxanthone (ITX) caused different extent cytotoxicities to four tissue types of cells at the concentrations of 1 to 50 μM under a non-irradiation condition, of which the BAPO cytotoxicity was the highest, whereas Ethyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phenylphosphinate (TPOL) and Methyl benzoylformate (MBF) displayed the lowest cellular toxicity. The cell lines and primary cells appeared highly sensitive to BAPO toxicity, the primary lymphocytes relatively to photoinitiator 369 (369) and EMK toxicities, LO2 cells to EMK and TPO toxicities, the primary lymphocytes and HUVEC-12 cells to MBF toxicity, but only HEK293T cells not to 369 toxicity. Furthermore, these PIs led to increasing cytotoxicity to different extents after exposure to 455 nm blue light, which is consistent with non-irradiation tendency. All the cells presented low sensitivity to TPOL and MBF, of which TPOL-triggered polymer is dramatically superior in its cytocompatibility to MBF, and in its transparency to clinically exclusively-used camphorquinone (CQ). The novel findings indicate that BAPO is the most toxic among the seven PIs, but TPOL and MBF are the least toxic, directing their development and application. Combined their triggered polymer cytocompatibility and color with reported deep curing efficiency, TPOL is more promising to be applied especially to clinical practice.This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number: 81172824) and Guangzhou City Science and Technology Program Synergistic Innovation Major Project (grant num- ber: 201604020146) to F.Y. Xing

Dual-band light-emitting diode based on microwheel cavity

Compact and broadband electroluminescent (EL) devices have garnered considerable interest in recent years. In this study, we have fabricated a light-emitting diode (LED) based on a GaN microwheel cavity with a peak emission wavelength of 438 nm. Another emission peak at 512 nm is realized by coating CH3NH3PbBr3 on the LED. The microwheel-cavity–based LED is fabricated by photolithography and inductively coupled plasma etching process. The opto-electrical performance of the device is characterized in terms of the EL spectrum, luminescence intensity, full width at half maximum, and 3 dB bandwidth. Compared to the device without the CH3NH3PbBr3 layer, the proposed device exhibits dual-band illumination and higher 3 dB bandwidth with potential applications in optical communication

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Cortical vein thrombosis in adult patients of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis correlates with poor outcome and brain lesions: a retrospective study

The use of CTV, MRV, and CE-3D-MPRAGE in two groups. Table S1 showed that the rates of CTV, MRV, and CE-3D-MPRAGE utilization in CVT group were 29.6%, 85.2% and 85.2% respectively, while the rates in non-CVT group were 23.5%, 100% and 100% respectively. Table S2. Positive rate of CVT of different neuroimaging tests in the patients of CVT group respectively. Table S2 demonstrated that positive rate of CTV was 75.0% and lower than CE-3D-MPRAGE (95.7%). (DOCX 16 kb

MetaTiME integrates single-cell gene expression to characterize the meta-components of the tumor immune microenvironment

Abstract Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing have shown heterogeneous cell types and gene expression states in the non-cancerous cells in tumors. The integration of multiple scRNA-seq datasets across tumors can indicate common cell types and states in the tumor microenvironment (TME). We develop a data driven framework, MetaTiME, to overcome the limitations in resolution and consistency that result from manual labelling using known gene markers. Using millions of TME single cells, MetaTiME learns meta-components that encode independent components of gene expression observed across cancer types. The meta-components are biologically interpretable as cell types, cell states, and signaling activities. By projecting onto the MetaTiME space, we provide a tool to annotate cell states and signature continuums for TME scRNA-seq data. Leveraging epigenetics data, MetaTiME reveals critical transcriptional regulators for the cell states. Overall, MetaTiME learns data-driven meta-components that depict cellular states and gene regulators for tumor immunity and cancer immunotherapy

Double-Protected All-Inorganic Perovskite Nanocrystals by Crystalline Matrix and Silica for Triple-Modal Anti-Counterfeiting Codes

Novel fluorescence with highly covert and reliable features is quite desirable to combat the sophisticated counterfeiters. Herein, we report a simultaneously triple-modal fluorescent characteristic of CsPbBr₃@Cs₄PbBr₆/SiO₂ by the excitation of thermal, ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) light for the first time, which can be applied for the multiple modal anti-counterfeiting codes. The diphasic structure CsPbBr₃@Cs₄PbBr₆ nanocrystals (NCs) was synthesized via the typical reprecipitation method followed by uniformly encapsulation into silica microspheres. Cubic CsPbBr₃ is responsible for the functions of anti-counterfeiting, while Cs₄PbBr₆ crystalline and SiO₂ are mainly to protect unstable CsPbBr₃ NCs from being destroyed by ambient conditions. The as-prepared CsPbBr₃@Cs₄PbBr₆/SiO₂ NCs possess improved stability and are capable of forming printable ink with organic binders for patterns. Interestingly, the fluorescence of diphasic CsPbBr₃@Cs₄PbBr₆/SiO₂ capsule patterns can be reversibly switched by the heating, UV, and IR light irradiation, which has been applied as triple-modal fluorescent anti-counterfeiting codes. The results demonstrate that the perovskite@silica capsules are highly promising for myriad applications in areas such as fluorescent anti-counterfeiting, optoelectronic devices, medical diagnosis, and biological imaging

Interplay between transforming growth factor-β and Nur77 in dual regulations of inhibitor of differentiation 1 for colonic tumorigenesis

细胞核受体Nur77和转化生长因子β（TGFβ）同结肠癌的发生发展密切相关。尽管目前学界对它们在结肠癌中的功能和作用机制有一定的认知，但仍有诸多问题有待解决。厦大药学院周虎教授团队发现，在结肠癌发生发展过程中，Nur77和TGFβ信号之间存在双重交互作用，这种交互作用产生了对分化抑制因子ID1的双层、双向的调节作用，进而调节结肠癌的发生发展。 此研究工作依托福建省药物新靶点研究重点实验室和厦门大学高通量药物筛选平台，由厦门大学药学院和香港中文大学生物医学学院共同完成，其中厦门大学为第一完成单位。周虎教授为文章的通讯作者，药学院博士研究生牛播宁为第一作者，博士研究生刘洁是第二作者。同时香港中文大学生物医学研究院的蒋晓华教授和林佳城博士也为研究做成了重要贡献。【Abstract】The paradoxical roles of transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) signaling and nuclear receptor Nur77 in colon cancer development are known but the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. Inhibitor of differentiation 1 (ID1) is a target gene of TGFβ and a key promoter for colon cancer progression. Here, we show that Nur77 enhances TGFβ/Smad3-induced ID1 mRNA expression through hindering Smurf2-mediated Smad3 mono-ubiquitylation, resulting in ID1 upregulation. In the absence of TGFβ, however, Nur77 destabilizes ID1 protein by promoting Smurf2-mediated ID1 poly-ubiquitylation, resulting in ID1 downregulation. Interestingly, TGFβ stabilizes ID1 protein by switching Nur77 interaction partners to inhibit ID1 ubiquitylation. This also endows TGFβ with an active pro-tumorigenic action in Smad4- deficient colon cancers. Thus, TGFβ converts Nur77’s role from destabilizing ID1 protein and cancer inhibition to inducing ID1 mRNA expression and cancer promotion, which is highly relevant to colon cancer stemness, metastasis and oxaliplatin resistance. Our data therefore define the integrated duality of Nur77 and TGFβ signaling in regulating ID1 expression and provide mechanistic insights into the paradoxical roles of TGFβ and Nur77 in colon cancer progression.We thank Prof. Dieter A. Wolf (Xiamen University) for the assistance of manuscript writing, Prof. Ye-guang Chen (Tsinghua University) for kindly providing the CAGA-luciferase reporter, ca-TβRI, and original Smads plasmids, Prof. Yunbin Ye (Fujian Cancer Hospital) for kindly providing the GFP-ID1 expression plasmid, and Prof. Hongrui Wang (Xiamen University) for kindly providing the Smurf2C716A expression plasmid, and tumor pathologist Huamei Tang (Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University) for analyzing tumor tissues. This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32070779, 31770811, 31471318, 31271453, 91129302, and 81301888), the Regional Demonstration of Marine Economy Innovative Development Project (16PYY007SF17), and the Fujian Provincial Science & Technology Department (2017YZ0002-1). 该项目研究得到了周虎教授主持的国家自然科学基金面上项目（32070779）等基金的支持