(Mis)Management of Syrian Refugees in Lebanon: Legal Informality and The Case Study of Jnah

Master's thesis in Migration and intercultural relationsThis thesis explores the management of Syrian refugees in Lebanon through the main lens of informality. The thesis is divided into two parts: 1. A policy analysis of the legal informality of Syrian refugees in Lebanon 2. An ethnographic study of the area of Jnah in Lebanon, where squatting Lebanese IDP’s live along with Syrian refugee

Association of coronary artery disease and chronic kidney disease in Lebanese population

Background: More evidence is emerging on the strong association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease. We assessed the relationship between coronary artery disease (CAD) and renal dysfunction level (RDL) in a group of Lebanese patients. Methods: A total of 1268 patients undergoing cardiac catheterization were sequentially enrolled in a multicenter cross sectional study. Angiograms were reviewed and CAD severity scores (CADSS) were determined. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated and clinical and laboratory data were obtained. CKD was defined as eGFR < 60 ml/min. Logistic regression model was performed using multivariate analysis including all traditional risk factors associated with both diseases. ANOVA and the Tukeytestswere used to compare subgroups of patients and to assess the impact of each disease on the severity of the other. Results: Among the 82% patients who exhibited variable degrees of CAD, 20.6% had an eGFR < 60 ml/min. Logistic regression analysis revealed a bidirectional independent association between CAD and CKD with an OR = 2.01 (P < 0.01) and an OR = 1.99 (P < 0.01) for CAD and CKD frequencies, respectively. We observed a steady increase in the CADSS mean as eGFR declined and a progressive reduction in renal function with the worsening of CAD (P < 0.05). This correlation remained highly significant despite considerable inter-patient variability and was at its highest at the most advanced stages of both diseases. Conclusions: Our results show a strong, independent and graded bidirectional relationship between CAD severity and RDL. We propose to add CAD to the list of risk factors for the development and progression of CKD