Analysis of anthraquinone secondary metabolites produced by Geosmithia spp.

Studium antrachinonových sekundárních metabolitů hub rodu Geosmithia Zdena Křesinová V rámci studia sekundárních metabolitů hub rodu Geosmithia, žijícími v asociaci s dřevokaznými ambrósiovými brouky, byl proveden screening fialově zbarvených pigmentů Geosmithia lavendula (kmen MK 1008) s cílem objasnit strukturu metabolitů a kvantifikovat jejich produkci při submerzní kultivaci na tekutém médiu. Bylo izolováno pět strukturně podobných metabolitů - polyhydroxylovaných antrachinonů (HAs). Tři majoritní metabolity byly plně identifikovány pomocí NMR a MS jako 1,3,6,8- tetrahydroxyantrachinon (1), rhodolamprometrin (1-acetyl-2,4,5,7- tetrahydroxyantrachinon, 2), a 1-acetyl-2-,4,5,7,8-pentahydroxyantrachinon (3). Izolace a kvantifikace HAs v extracelulární tekutině a myceliu se skládala z extrakčních a purifikačních kroků (SPE, semi-preparativní HPLC / UV) a analytické metody (UPLC / UV). Vývoj vhodné analytické metody zahrnoval optimalizaci separačních podmínek pro dva typy UPLC kolon s částicemi sorbentu menšími než 2 µm ve srovnání s HPLC kolonou obsahující sorbent s velikostí částic 5 µm. Kolona Shield RP C18 byla následně použita pro kvantifikaci produkce HAs v průběhu kultivace. Kalibrační křivky pro metabolity 2 a 3 byly v rozmezí 1,95 až 1000 g mL-1 s korelačními koeficienty 0,999. Limity...Analysis of anthraquinone secondary metabolites produced by Geosmithia spp. Zdena Křesinová Geosmithia species are little known fungal symbionts of bark beetles. Secondary metabolites from lilac colored species G. lavendula (strain MK 1008) and nine other Geosmithia species were investigated in order to elucidate their structures and quantify their production during submerged cultivation. Five hydroxylated anthraquinones (HAs) were isolated from culture media during submerged cultivation of the fungi and three of them were identified using NMR and MS techniques as 1,3,6,8- tetrahydroxyanthraquinone (1), rhodolamprometrin (1-acetyl-2,4,5,7- tetrahydroxyanthraquinone; 2), and 1-acetyl-2,4,5,7,8-pentahydroxyanthraquinone (3). Preparation, quantification and identification of HAs in fungal samples involved a SPE step, semi-preparative HPLC/UV and UPLC/UV methods. For optimization of analytical methods, separation qualities of two types of reversed phase sub-2-micron particle sized columns and one 5-micron particle sized column were tested. The most efficient Sheild RP C18 column filled with 1.7 µm particles was then used for quantification of HAs production during the cultivation period. Calibration curves for metabolites 2 and 3 (representing the majority of produced metabolites) were determined in...Department of Analytical ChemistryKatedra analytické chemieFaculty of SciencePřírodovědecká fakult

Microbial degradation of 17alfa-ethinylestradiol and bisphenol A

17ethinylestradiol (EE2) and bisphenol A (BA) are endocrine disrupting compounds (ED). ED have a negative influence on animals and human hormonal systems animals, and thus they are serious envronmental contaminants. This work was focused on biodegradtion of EE2 and BA using 8 white rot fungi strains in liquid media. Pleurotus ostreatus, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus and Irpex lacteus were able to remove both ED under detection limit (initial concetration was 10 ppm) during the first three days of cultivation. In contrary, Phanerochaete chrysosporium was not able to degrade both ED durin 2 weaks long cultivatio

BATCH BIOREACTORS: WASTE WATER ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR BIODEGRADATION BY WHITE ROT FUNGI

Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are members of a broad class of environmental organopollutants which are present in the environment. Due to the widespread presence in the surface water and wastewater, and their negative endocrine disrupting activity even at very low concentration, these EDs have received an increased attention in water quality management and health care. EDs encompass a variety of substances, including mammalian hormones (estrogens, androgens) and anthropogenic chemical

Fungal Biodegradation of Endocrine Disruptors

This dissertation thesis contains scientific results attained in the field of bioremediation. The major part of the results has been published in international journals in 7 papers. In addition, relevant yet unpublished results have been included too. The first thematic part describes the screening of the degradation ability of white rot fungi (WRF). In the screening, several endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDs; bisphenol A, triclosan, 4-nonylphenol and 17α-ethinylestradiol) were degraded by 8 different fungal strains in the presence of liquid medium. The most promising strains were used for the degradation of an ED mixture (synthetic and natural estrogens) in the presence of a straw substrate. Attention was paid to the evaluation of stimulation or suppression of enzyme activities during the biodegradation processes and changes in residual estrogenic activity. Pleurotus ostreatus, Irpex lacteus and Trametes versicolor showed the highest degradation ability under both cultivation conditions. On the contrary, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, to date the most studied representative of white rot fungi, did not degrade bisphenol A and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) at all. Two review articles have been published to summarize the origin, presence and biodegradation of EDs, mainly EE2, in the environment. The..

Fungal Biodegradation of Endocrine Disruptors

This dissertation thesis contains scientific results attained in the field of bioremediation. The major part of the results has been published in international journals in 7 papers. In addition, relevant yet unpublished results have been included too. The first thematic part describes the screening of the degradation ability of white rot fungi (WRF). In the screening, several endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDs; bisphenol A, triclosan, 4-nonylphenol and 17α-ethinylestradiol) were degraded by 8 different fungal strains in the presence of liquid medium. The most promising strains were used for the degradation of an ED mixture (synthetic and natural estrogens) in the presence of a straw substrate. Attention was paid to the evaluation of stimulation or suppression of enzyme activities during the biodegradation processes and changes in residual estrogenic activity. Pleurotus ostreatus, Irpex lacteus and Trametes versicolor showed the highest degradation ability under both cultivation conditions. On the contrary, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, to date the most studied representative of white rot fungi, did not degrade bisphenol A and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) at all. Two review articles have been published to summarize the origin, presence and biodegradation of EDs, mainly EE2, in the environment. The..

Secondary metabolites of Geosmythia lavendula

Katedra analytické chemieDepartment of Analytical ChemistryFaculty of SciencePřírodovědecká fakult

Analysis of anthraquinone secondary metabolites produced by Geosmithia spp.

Analysis of anthraquinone secondary metabolites produced by Geosmithia spp. Zdena Křesinová Geosmithia species are little known fungal symbionts of bark beetles. Secondary metabolites from lilac colored species G. lavendula (strain MK 1008) and nine other Geosmithia species were investigated in order to elucidate their structures and quantify their production during submerged cultivation. Five hydroxylated anthraquinones (HAs) were isolated from culture media during submerged cultivation of the fungi and three of them were identified using NMR and MS techniques as 1,3,6,8- tetrahydroxyanthraquinone (1), rhodolamprometrin (1-acetyl-2,4,5,7- tetrahydroxyanthraquinone; 2), and 1-acetyl-2,4,5,7,8-pentahydroxyanthraquinone (3). Preparation, quantification and identification of HAs in fungal samples involved a SPE step, semi-preparative HPLC/UV and UPLC/UV methods. For optimization of analytical methods, separation qualities of two types of reversed phase sub-2-micron particle sized columns and one 5-micron particle sized column were tested. The most efficient Sheild RP C18 column filled with 1.7 µm particles was then used for quantification of HAs production during the cultivation period. Calibration curves for metabolites 2 and 3 (representing the majority of produced metabolites) were determined in..

Analysis of anthraquinone secondary metabolites produced by Geosmithia spp.

Analysis of anthraquinone secondary metabolites produced by Geosmithia spp. Zdena Křesinová Geosmithia species are little known fungal symbionts of bark beetles. Secondary metabolites from lilac colored species G. lavendula (strain MK 1008) and nine other Geosmithia species were investigated in order to elucidate their structures and quantify their production during submerged cultivation. Five hydroxylated anthraquinones (HAs) were isolated from culture media during submerged cultivation of the fungi and three of them were identified using NMR and MS techniques as 1,3,6,8- tetrahydroxyanthraquinone (1), rhodolamprometrin (1-acetyl-2,4,5,7- tetrahydroxyanthraquinone; 2), and 1-acetyl-2,4,5,7,8-pentahydroxyanthraquinone (3). Preparation, quantification and identification of HAs in fungal samples involved a SPE step, semi-preparative HPLC/UV and UPLC/UV methods. For optimization of analytical methods, separation qualities of two types of reversed phase sub-2-micron particle sized columns and one 5-micron particle sized column were tested. The most efficient Sheild RP C18 column filled with 1.7 µm particles was then used for quantification of HAs production during the cultivation period. Calibration curves for metabolites 2 and 3 (representing the majority of produced metabolites) were determined in..

Passive sampling of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in aquatic environments

Passive sampling is a rapidly developing technology, which is widely used for the monitoring of pollutants in different environments. Passive sampling offers significant advantages over traditional grab sampling. In the present review, the authors summarize the current literature on the methods of passive sampling used in the environmental monitoring of polar or semi-polar compounds in aqueous matrices. Methods of calibrating, design and deployment of samplers are also discussed. A major focus of this review is the use of polar organic compound integrative samplers (POCIS) and their use in sampling and monitoring of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PCPs) in both equilibrium and non-equilibrium conditions

Photocatalytic water treatment on TiO2 thin layers

Photocatalysis is generally applied as a suitable technique for water decontamination and/or purification, especially for decomposition of endocrine disruptors. Endocrine disruptors are commonly present not only in wastewater but also in natural water. Endocrine disruptors are persistent to degradation by common chemicals as well as biological and photolytic processes. Decomposition of three representative endocrine disruptors (17-ethynyl estradiol, bisphenol A, and 4-nonylphenol) was tested on previously prepared TiO2 photocatalyst in two types of reactors; a batch reactor and a plug-flow reactor. TiO2 thin layers deposited on three various substrates were prepared by a sol–gel process with employment of a dip-coating technique for subsequent application. Properties of the prepared layers were thoroughly characterized by XRD, SEM, AFM, UV–vis, and Raman spectroscopy. Photo-electrochemical properties were determined by linear voltammetry and amperometry to obtain photoinduced properties of the prepared TiO2 photocatalyst which corresponded to the photocatalytic activity. Photocatalytic decomposition efficiency was evaluated with respect to individual compounds for both reactors together with values of toxicity and estrogenic activity during the photocatalytic decomposition process. Furthermore, resistance of individual compounds to the photocatalytic decomposition process was evaluated together with possible formation of intermediates or by-products.Web of Science5725116381163